PREFACE iii

1 Nutrition: Everyday Choices 1

2 Guidelines for a Healthy Diet 24

3 Digestion: From Meals to Molecules 51

4 Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers 83

5 Lipids: Fats, Phospholipids, and Sterols 116

6 Proteins and Amino Acids 147

7 Vitamins 175

8 Water and Minerals 226

9 Energy Balance and Weight Management 273

10 Nutrition, Fitness, and Physical Activity 314

11 Nutrition During Pregnancy and Infancy 352

12 Nutrition from 1 to 100 384

13 How Safe Is Our Food Supply? 420

14 Feeding the World 456

APPENDIX A Dietary Reference Intakes A-1

ONLINE APPENDICES

APPENDIX A Dietary Reference Intakes

APPENDIX B Healthy Eating Patterns

APPENDIX C U.S. Nutrition Guidelines and Recommendations

APPENDIX D Energy Expenditure for Various Activities

APPENDIX E Standards for Body Size

APPENDIX F Normal Physiological Standards of Nutritional Relevance

APPENDIX G Choice (Exchange) Lists

APPENDIX H Food and Supplement Labels

APPENDIX I World Health Organization Nutrition Recommendations

APPENDIX J Calculations and Conversions

APPENDIX K Popular Dietary Supplements

APPENDIX L Answers to Thinking it Through

GLOSSARY GL-1

REFERENCES R-1

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