This book both presents new material and reinterprets existing material as well as providing source material for courses on North African history and for a new approach to the colonial history of the Arab and North African region. Its primary purpose is to provide new interpretations of the colonial history of Morocco which reflect the interactions between coloniser and colonised and heighten the profiles and roles of the mass of Moroccans who were the real actors in the colonial period but who have normally been excluded from the historical record because of the lack of textual source material available.