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Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

by: Brown

Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

by: Brown

ISBN 13:
9780534589868
ISBN 10:
0534589863
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 12/21/2001
Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
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Preface

Nutrition Basics

(34)

Introduction

(1)

Principles of the Science of Nutrition

(27)

Essential and Nonessential Nutrients

(1)

Dietary Intake Standards

(1)

Carbohydrates

(2)

Protein

(1)

Fats

(2)

Vitamins

(3)

Other Substances in Food

(1)

Minerals

(8)

Water

(10)

Nutritional Assessment

(2)

Community-Level Assessment

(1)

Individual-Level Nutritional Assessment

(1)

Dietary Assessment

(1)

Anthropometric Assessment

(1)

Biochemical Assessment

(1)

Public Food and Nutrition Programs

(1)

Nationwide Priorities for Improvements in Nutritional Health

(4)

Food Intake Recommendations

(3)

Preconception Nutrition

(18)

Introduction

(1)

Preconception Overview

(1)

2010 Nutrition Objectives for the Nation Related to the Preconceptional Period

(1)

Reproductive Physiology

(3)

Female Reproductive System

(3)

Male Reproductive System

(1)

Sources of Disruptions in Fertility

(1)

Nutrition-Related Disruptions in Fertility

(5)

Undernutrition and Fertility

(1)

Body Fat, Weight, and Fertility

(1)

Weight Loss and Fertility

(1)

Weight Loss in Males and Infertility

(1)

Exercise and Infertility

(1)

Diet and Fertility

(1)

Vegetarian Diets and Fertility

(1)

Carotenemia and Fertility

(1)

Caffeine and Fertility

(1)

Alcohol and Fertility

(1)

Other Factors Contributing to Infertility in Males

(1)

Nutrition and Contraceptives

(1)

Oral Contraceptives and Nutritional Status

(1)

Contraceptive Injections

(1)

Contraceptive Implants

(1)

Contraceptive Patches

(1)

Other Preconceptual Nutrition Concerns

(2)

Very Early Pregnancy Nutrition Exposures

(1)

Folate Status Prior to Conception and Neural Tube Defects

(1)

Recommended Dietary Intakes for Preconceptional Women

(1)

Herbal Remedies for Fertility-Related Problems

(1)

Model Preconceptional Nutrition Programs

(4)

Preconceptional Benefits of WIC

(1)

Decreasing Iron Deficiency in Preconceptional Women in Indonesia

(1)

Preconception Care

(4)

Preconception Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

(8)

Introduction

(1)

Premenstrual Syndrome

(1)

Caffeine Intake and PMS

(1)

Exercise and Stress Reduction

(1)

Magnesium, Calcium, and Vitamin B6 Supplements and PMS Symptoms

(1)

Obesity and Fertility

(1)

Central Body Fat and Fertility

(1)

Eating Disorders and Fertility

(1)

Interventions for Women with Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa

(1)

Diabetes Mellitus Prior to Pregnancy

(2)

What Is Insulin Resistance?

(1)

Management of Type 2 Diabetes

(1)

Reducing the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

(1)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

(1)

Nutrition Interventions for Women with PCOS

(1)

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

(3)

PKU (Phenylketonuria)

(1)

Nutrition Intervention for Women with PKU

(1)

Celiac Disease

(1)

Nutrition Management of Women with Celiac Disease

(2)

Nutrition During Pregnancy

(46)

Introduction

(1)

The Status of Pregnancy Outcomes

(4)

Infant Mortality

(4)

Health Objectives for the Year 2010

(1)

Physiology of Pregnancy

(7)

Maternal Physiology

(1)

Normal Physiological Changes During Pregnancy

(4)

Common Health Problems During Pregnancy

(1)

The Placenta

(1)

Embryonic and Fetal Growth and Development

(7)

Critical Periods of Growth and Development

(2)

Fetal Body Composition

(1)

Variation in Fetal Growth

(2)

Nutrition, Miscarriages, and Preterm Delivery

(1)

The Fetal Origins Hypothesis of Chronic Disease Risk

(1)

Other Inutero Exposures That May Be Related to Later Disease Risk

(1)

Limitations of the Fetal Origins Hypothesis

(1)

Pregnancy Weight Gain

(3)

Pregnancy Weight Gain Recommendations

(1)

Composition of Weight Gain in Pregnancy

(2)

Postpartum Weight Retention

(1)

Nutrition and the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy

(18)

Famine and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

Contemporary Prenatal Nutrition Research Results

(1)

Energy Requirement in Pregnancy

(2)

Carbohydrate Intake during Pregnancy

(1)

Alcohol and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

Protein Requirement

(1)

Vegetarian Diets in Pregnancy

(1)

Maternal Intake of Essential Fatty Acids and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

The Need for Water during Pregnancy

(1)

Folate and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

Folate and Congenital Abnormalities

(2)

Vitamin A and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

Vitamin D Requirement

(1)

Calcium Requirements in Pregnancy

(1)

Iron Status and the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy

(2)

Zinc Requirement in Pregnancy

(1)

Iodine and Pregnancy Outcome

(1)

The Need for Sodium during Pregnancy

(1)

Caffeine Use in Pregnancy

(1)

Healthy Diets for Pregnancy

(1)

Effect of Taste and Smell Changes during Pregnancy on Dietary Intake

(1)

Pica

(1)

Assessment of Dietary Intake during Pregnancy

(1)

Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation during Pregnancy

(1)

Herbal Remedies and Pregnancy

(1)

Exercise and Pregnancy Outcome

100

(1)

Food Safety Issues during Pregnancy

100

(1)

Model Nutrition Programs for Risk Reduction in Pregnancy

101

(6)

The Montreal Diet Dispensary

101

(1)

The WIC Program

101

(6)

Nutrition During Pregnancy Conditions and Interventions

107

(28)

Introduction

108

(1)

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

108

(5)

Chronic Hypertension

108

(1)

Gestational Hypertension

109

(1)

Preeclampsia-Eclampsia

109

(3)

Preeclampsia Case Presentation

112

(1)

Nutritional Recommendations and Interventions for Preeclampsia

112

(1)

Diabetes in Pregnancy

113

(8)

Gestational Diabetes

114

(1)

Consequences of Poorly Controlled Gestational Diabetes

114

(1)

Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes

115

(1)

Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes

115

(1)

Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

116

(1)

Presentation of a Case Study

116

(2)

Exercise Benefits and Recommendations

118

(1)

Nutritional Management of Women with Gestational Diabetes

118

(2)

Consumption of Low-Glycemic-Index Foods

120

(1)

Postpartum Follow-up

121

(1)

Prevention of Gestational Diabetes during Pregnancy

121

(1)

Type I Diabetes during Pregnancy

121

(1)

Multifetal Pregnancies

121

(6)

Background Information about Multiple Fetuses

123

(1)

Risks Associated with Multifetal Pregnancy

124

(1)

Interventions and Services for Risk Reduction

124

(1)

Nutrition and the Outcome of Multifetal Pregnancy

125

(1)

Dietary Intake in Twin Pregnancy

126

(1)

Nutritional Recommendations for Women with Multifetal Pregnancy

126

(1)

Case Example

127

(1)

HIV/Aids During Pregnancy

127

(2)

Treatment of HIV/AIDS

127

(1)

Consequences of HIV/AIDS during Pregnancy

127

(1)

Nutritional Factors and HIV/AIDS During Pregnancy

128

(1)

Nutritional Management of Women with HIV/AIDS during Pregnancy

129

(1)

Eating Disorders In-Pregnancy

129

(1)

Consequences of Eating Disorders in Pregnancy

129

(1)

Treatment of Women with Eating Disorders during Pregnancy

130

(1)

Nutritional Interventions for Women with Eating Disorders

130

(1)

Nutrition and Adolescent Pregnancy

130

(1)

Dietary Recommendations for Pregnant Adolescents

131

(1)

Evidence-Based Practice

131

(4)

Nutrition During Lactation

135

(34)

Introduction

136

(1)

Benefits of Breastfeeding

136

(2)

Breastfeeding Benefits for Mothers

136

(1)

Breastfeeding Benefits for Infants

136

(2)

Breastfeeding Goals for the United States

138

(1)

Lactation Physiology

139

(3)

Mammary Gland Anatomy

139

(1)

Functional Unit of the Mammary Gland

139

(1)

Mammary Gland Development

139

(1)

Lactogenesis

140

(1)

Hormonal Control of Lactation

140

(1)

Secretion of Milk

141

(1)

The Letdown Reflex

142

(1)

Breast Milk Supply and Demand

142

(2)

Can Women Make Enough Milk?

142

(1)

Does the Size of the Breast Limit a Woman's Ability to Nurse Her Infant?

142

(1)

Is Feeding Frequency Related to the Amount of Milk a Woman Can Make?

143

(1)

Pumping or Expressing Milk

144

(1)

Human Milk Composition

144

(4)

Colostrum

144

(1)

Water

144

(1)

Energy

144

(1)

Lipids

145

(1)

Protein

145

(1)

Milk Carbohydrates

146

(1)

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

146

(1)

Water Soluble Vitamins

146

(1)

Minerals in Human Milk

147

(1)

Taste of Human Milk

147

(1)

The Breastfeeding Infant

148

(3)

Optimal Duration of Breastfeeding

148

(1)

Reflexes

148

(1)

Breastfeeding Positioning

148

(1)

Identifying Hunger and Satiety

148

(1)

Feeding Frequency

149

(1)

Identifying Breastfeeding Malnutrition

149

(1)

Infant Supplements

149

(1)

Tooth Decay

150

(1)

Maternal Diet

151

(1)

Energy and Nutrient Needs

151

(1)

Maternal Energy Balance and Milk Composition

152

(2)

Weight Loss during Breastfeeding

152

(1)

Exercise and Breastfeeding

152

(1)

Diet Supplements

153

(1)

Fluids

154

(1)

Vegetarian Diets

154

(1)

Herbal Preparations

154

(1)

Factors Influencing Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration

154

(2)

Breastfeeding Promotion, Facilitation, and Support

156

(4)

Role of the Health Care System in Supporting Breastfeeding

156

(3)

Lactation Support after Discharge

159

(1)

The Workplace

159

(1)

The Community

160

(1)

Public Food and Nutrition Programs

160

(2)

National Breastfeeding Policy

160

(1)

USDA WIC Program

161

(1)

Model Breastfeeding Promotion Programs

162

(7)

WIC National Breastfeeding Promotion Project-Loving Support Makes Breastfeeding Work

162

(1)

Wellstart International

162

(1)

Conclusion

163

(6)

Nutrition During Lactation Conditions and Interventions

169

(22)

Introduction

170

(1)

Common Breastfeeding Conditions

170

(2)

Sore Nipples

170

(1)

Letdown Failure

170

(1)

Overactive Letdown

170

(1)

Engorgement

170

(2)

Plugged Duct

172

(1)

Infection

172

(1)

Maternal Medications

172

(5)

Herbal Remedies

174

(1)

Alcohol

175

(1)

Nicotine (Smoking Cigarettes)

176

(1)

Marijuana

176

(1)

Caffeine

177

(1)

Other Drugs of Abuse

177

(1)

Hyperbilirubinemia and Jaundice

177

(3)

Pathological Jaundice

(101)

Normal Newborn Jaundice

178

(1)

Treatment for Jaundice

178

(1)

Hyperbilirubinemia and Breastfeeding

178

(1)

Breast Milk Jaundice Syndrome

179

(1)

Breastfeeding Multiples

180

(1)

Infant Allergies

180

(1)

Food Intolerance

181

(1)

Human Milk and Preterm Infants

181

(2)

Medical Contraindications to Breastfeeding

183

(1)

Breastfeeding and HIV Infection

183

(1)

Recommendations

184

(1)

Human Milk Collection and Storage

184

(2)

Milk Banking

185

(1)

Model Programs

Loving Support for a Bright Future Breastfeeding Support Kits

186

(1)

The Rush Mothers' Milk Club

186

(5)

Infant Nutrition

191

(30)

Introduction

192

(1)

Assessing Newborn Health

192

(2)

Birthweight As an Outcome

192

(1)

Infant Mortality

192

(1)

Combating Infant Mortality

193

(1)

Standard Newborn Assessment Tests

193

(1)

Infant Development

194

(3)

Motor Development

194

(1)

Critical Periods

195

(1)

Cognitive Development

195

(1)

Genetics and Development

196

(1)

Digestion and Development

196

(1)

Parenting

197

(1)

Energy and Nutrient Needs

197

(3)

Caloric Needs

197

(1)

Protein Needs

197

(1)

Fats

198

(1)

Metabolic Rate, Calories, Fats, and Protein-How Do They All Tie Together?

198

(1)

Other Nutrients

199

(1)

Physical Growth

200

(2)

Why Is It Important to Track Infant Growth?

200

(1)

Interpretation of Growth Data

200

(2)

Feeding In Early Infancy

202

(1)

Breast Milk and Formula

202

(1)

Cow's Milk During Infancy

203

(1)

Development of Infant Feeding Skills

203

(7)

The Importance of Infant Feeding Position

204

(1)

Preparing for Drinking from a Cup

205

(1)

Food Texture and Development

206

(1)

What Infants Eat

206

(2)

Water

208

(1)

How Much is Enough?

209

(1)

How Infants Learn Food Preferences

209

(1)

Billy: A Hard-to-Feed Infant

210

(1)

Nutrition Guidance

210

(1)

Inappropriate and Unsafe Food Choices

210

(1)

Infants and Exercise

211

(1)

Supplements for Infants

211

(1)

Common Nutritional Problems and Concerns

211

(4)

Failure to Thrive

211

(1)

FTT Nutrition Intervention

212

(1)

Colic

212

(1)

Iron-Deficiency Anemia

213

(1)

Constipation and Diarrhea

213

(1)

Prevention of Baby Bottle Caries and Ear Infections

213

(1)

Food Allergies and Intolerances

214

(1)

How Parents Respond to Suspected Food Allergies or Intolerance

214

(1)

Lactose Intolerance

214

(1)

Cross-Cultural Considerations

215

(1)

Vegetarian Diets

215

(1)

Nutrition Intervention for Risk Reduction

216

(5)

Model Program: Newborn Screening and Expanded Newborn Screening

216

(1)

WIC

216

(5)

Infant Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

221

(20)

Introduction

222

(1)

Infants at Risk

222

(1)

Families of Infants with Special Health Care Needs

223

(1)

Energy and Nutrient Needs

223

(2)

Energy Needs

223

(1)

Protein Requirements

223

(1)

Fats

224

(1)

Vitamins and Minerals

224

(1)

Growth

225

(2)

Growth in Preterm Infants

225

(1)

Does Intrauterine Growth Predict Growth Outside?

226

(1)

Interpretation of Growth

227

(1)

Common Nutrition Problems

227

(2)

Nutrition Risks and Development

228

(1)

Preterm Infants and Infants With Special Health Care Needs

229

(1)

Severe Preterm Birth

229

(3)

Delivering Nutrients

230

(1)

How Sick Babies Are Fed

230

(1)

What to Feed Preterm Infants

231

(1)

Preterm Infants and Feeding

232

(1)

Infants with Chronic Illness

232

(3)

Infants with Spina Bifida

234

(1)

Infants with Genetic Disorders

234

(1)

Feeding Problems

235

(2)

Do Infant Feeding Guidelines Apply?

235

(2)

Nutrition Interventions

237

(1)

Nutrition Services

238

(3)

Toddler and Preschooler Nutrition

241

(28)

Introduction

242

(1)

Definitions of the Life Cycle Stage

242

(1)

Importance of Nutrition

242

(1)

Tracking Toddler and Preschooler Health

242

(1)

Healthy People 2010

242

(1)

Normal Growth and Development

242

(2)

The 2000 CDC Growth Charts

243

(1)

Common Problems with Measuring and Plotting Growth Data

244

(1)

Physiological and Cognitive Development

244

(6)

Toddlers

244

(3)

Preschool Age Children

247

(2)

Temperament Differences

249

(1)

Food Preference Development, Appetite, and Satiety

249

(1)

Energy and Nutrient Needs

250

(2)

Energy Needs

251

(1)

Protein

251

(1)

Vitamins and Minerals

252

(1)

Common Nutrition Problems

252

(3)

Iron Deficiency Anemia

252

(1)

Dental Caries

253

(1)

Constipation

254

(1)

Lead Poisoning

254

(1)

Food Security

255

(1)

Food Safety

255

(1)

Prevention of Nutrition-Related Disorders

255

(3)

Overweight and Obesity in Toddlers and Preschoolers

255

(1)

Prevention and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity

256

(1)

Nutrition and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Toddlers and Preschoolers

256

(1)

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

257

(1)

Herbal Supplements

257

(1)

Dietary and Physical Activity Recommendations

258

(6)

Dietary Guidelines

258

(1)

Food Guide Pyramid

258

(1)

Recommendations for Intake of Iron, Fiber Fat, and Calcium

259

(1)

Fluids

260

(1)

Recommended vs. Actual Food Intake

261

(1)

Cross-Cultural Considerations

262

(1)

Vegetarian Diets

262

(1)

Child Care Nutrition Standards

263

(1)

Physical Activity Recommendations

263

(1)

Nutrition Intervention for Risk Reduction

264

(1)

Model Program

264

(1)

Public Food and Nutrition Programs

WIC

264

(1)

WIC's Farmers' Market Nutrition Program

265

(1)

Head Start and Early Head Start

265

(1)

Food Stamps

265

(4)

Toddler and Preschooler Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

269

(14)

Introduction

270

(1)

Who Are Children with Special Health Care Needs?

270

(1)

Nutrition Needs of toddlers and Preschoolers with Chronic Conditions

271

(1)

Growth Assessment

272

(1)

Feeding Problems

273

(1)

Behavioral Feeding Problems

273

(1)

Nutrition-Related Conditions

274

(4)

Failure to Thrive

275

(1)

Toddler Diarrhea and Celiac Disease

275

(1)

Muscle Coordination Problems

275

(2)

Pulmonary Problems

277

(1)

Developmental Delay and Evaluations

277

(1)

Food Allergies and Intolerance

278

(1)

Dietary Supplements and Herbal Remedies

278

(1)

Sources of Nutrition Services

279

(4)

Child and Preadolescent Nutrition

283

(24)

Introduction

284

(1)

Definitions of the Life Cycle Stage

284

(1)

Importance of Nutrition

284

(1)

Tracking Child and Preadolescent Health

284

(1)

Healthy People 2010

284

(1)

Normal Growth and Development

285

(1)

The 2000 CDC Growth Charts

285

(1)

Physiological and Cognitive Development of School-Age Children

286

(4)

Physiological Development

286

(1)

Cognitive Development

287

(1)

Development of Feeding Skills

288

(2)

Energy and Nutrient Needs of School-Age Children

290

(1)

Energy Needs

290

(1)

Protein

290

(1)

Vitamins and Minerals

290

(1)

Common Nutrition Problems

290

(1)

Iron Deficiency

290

(1)

Dental Caries

290

(1)

Prevention of Nutrition-Related Disorders in School-Age Children

291

(4)

Overweight and Obesity in School-Age Children

291

(3)

Nutrition and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in School-Age Children

294

(1)

The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH)

294

(1)

The Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC)

294

(1)

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

295

(1)

Dietary Recommendations

295

(3)

Recommendations for Intake of Iron, Fiber Fat, and Calcium

295

(2)

Recommended vs. Actual Food Intake

297

(1)

Cross-Cultural Considerations

298

(1)

Vegetarian Diets

298

(1)

Physical Activity Recommendations

298

(2)

Recommendations vs. Actual

298

(1)

Determinants of Physical Activity

299

(1)

Organized Sports

300

(1)

Nutrition Intervention for Risk Reduction

300

(1)

Nutrition Education

300

(1)

Nutrition Integrity in Schools

301

(1)

Model Programs

301

(1)

Public Food and Nutrition Programs

301

(6)

The National School Lunch Program

302

(1)

School Breakfast Program

303

(1)

Summer Food Service Program

304

(1)

Nutrition Education and Training Program (NET)

304

(3)

Child and Preadolescent Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

307

(18)

Introduction

308

(1)

``Children are Children First''-What Does That Mean?

308

(1)

Nutrition Requirements of Children with Special Health Care Needs

308

(2)

Energy Needs

309

(1)

Protein Needs

309

(1)

Other Nutrients

309

(1)

Growth Assessment

310

(1)

Growth Assessment and Interpretation in Children with Chronic Conditions

310

(1)

Body Composition and Growth

310

(1)

Nutrition Recommendations

311

(3)

Methods of Meeting Nutritional Requirements

312

(1)

Fluids

313

(1)

Nutrition-Related Conditions

314

(5)

Eating and Feeding Problems in Children with Special Health Care Needs

314

(5)

Dietary Supplements and Herbal Remedies

319

(1)

Sources of Nutrition Services

319

(6)

Child Nutrition Program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

319

(1)

Material and Child Health Block Program of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

319

(1)

Public Schools Regulations: 504 Accommodation and IDEA

320

(1)

Nutrition Intervention Model Program

321

(4)

Adolescent Nutrition

325

(30)

Introduction

326

(1)

Nutritional Needs in a time of Change

326

(1)

Normal Physical Growth and Development

326

(3)

Changes in Weight, Body Composition, and Skeletal Mass

328

(1)

Normal Psychosocial Development

329

(1)

Health and Eating-Related Behaviors During Adolescence

330

(4)

Vegetarian Diets

332

(1)

Dietary Intake and Adequacy among Adolescents

333

(1)

Energy and Nutrient Requirements of Adolescents

334

(6)

Energy

335

(1)

Protein

336

(1)

Carbohydrates

336

(1)

Dietary Fiber

336

(1)

Fat

337

(1)

Calcium

337

(1)

Iron

338

(1)

Zinc

339

(1)

Folate

339

(1)

Vitamin A

340

(1)

Vitamin E

340

(1)

Vitamin C

340

(1)

Nutrition Screening Assessment and Interventions

340

(6)

Nutrition Education and Counseling

345

(1)

Physical Activity and Sports

346

(2)

Factors Affecting Physical Activity

346

(2)

Promoting Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Behaviors

348

(3)

Effective Nutrition Messages for Youth

348

(1)

Parent Involvement

349

(1)

School Programs

349

(2)

Community Involvement in Nutritionally Supportive Environments

351

(1)

Model Nutrition Program

351

(1)

Discussion Points

351

(4)

Adolescent Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

355

(28)

Introduction

356

(1)

Overweight and Obesity

356

(1)

Health Implications of Adolescent Overweight

356

(1)

Special Concerns Among Adolescent Athletes

357

(3)

Fluids and Hydration

357

(2)

Special Dietary Practices

359

(1)

Dietary Supplements

360

(1)

Adolescent Pregnancy

360

(3)

Energy and Nutrient Needs

361

(1)

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

362

(1)

Pregnancy Weight Gain

362

(1)

Substance Use

363

(1)

Dietary Supplements

364

(1)

Vitamin-Mineral Supplements

364

(1)

Herbal Remedies

364

(1)

Iron Deficiency anemia

365

(1)

Hypertension

365

(1)

Hyperlipidemia

366

(1)

Eating Disorders

367

(6)

The Continuum of Eating Concerns and Disorders

367

(1)

Prevalence of Eating Disorders

367

(1)

Anorexia Nervosa

367

(1)

Bulimia Nervosa

367

(1)

Binge Eating Disorder

368

(1)

Other Disordered Eating Behaviors

369

(1)

Dieting Behaviors

370

(1)

Body Dissatisfaction

370

(1)

Etiology of Eating Disorders

370

(2)

Treating Eating Disorders

372

(1)

Preventing Eating Disorders

372

(1)

Eating Disorders Among Adolescents: Summing Things Up

373

(1)

Children and Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions

373

(10)

Adult Nutrition

383

(26)

Introduction

384

(1)

Definition of Adulthood in the Lifecycle

384

(1)

Importance of Nutrition

384

(1)

Year 2010 Health Objectives

384

(1)

Physiological Changes Overall

384

(3)

Physiological Changes in Males: Climacteric

385

(1)

Physiological Changes in Females: Menopause

385

(1)

Nutritional Remedies for Symptoms of Menopause

385

(1)

Benefits of Phytoestrogens in Soy Foods

386

(1)

Disadvantages of Adding Soy to the Diet

387

(1)

Other Alternatives

387

(1)

Common Nutritional Concerns: Maintaining A Healthy Body

387

(4)

Energy for Weight Management

387

(1)

Determining Energy Needs

388

(1)

Calculations for Body Weight

389

(1)

Energy for Weight Change

389

(1)

Actual Energy Intake

389

(1)

Achieving Wellness: Linking Food, Nutrition, and Disease

389

(2)

Diet and Health

391

(1)

Dietary Recommendations

391

(6)

Dietary Recommendations to Combat Nutritional Concerns

392

(1)

Food Advice

392

(1)

The Pyramid

393

(1)

Food Advice Reflects Cultural Food Patterns

394

(1)

Alcohol: Food, Drug, and Nutrient

394

(1)

Fluids

395

(1)

Diuretic Effects of Caffeine and Alcohol

396

(1)

International Guidance Related to Fluids

396

(1)

Nutrient Recommendations

397

(6)

Nutrients of Public Health Concern

397

(2)

Actual Intake of Food

399

(1)

Supplements: Vitamins and Minerals

399

(1)

Supplements: Herbal Products

399

(1)

Cross-Cultural Considerations

400

(1)

Cross-Cultural Dietary Guidance

401

(1)

Vegetarian Diets

402

(1)

Physical activity Recommendations

403

(1)

Nutrition Intervention for Risk Reduction

403

(6)

A Model Health-Promotion Program

403

(1)

Public Food and Nutrition Programs

404

(1)

Nutrition and Health Promotion

404

(5)

Adult Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

409

(12)

Introduction

410

(1)

Importance of Nutrition

410

(1)

Heart Disease/cardiovascular Diseases (CVD)

411

(6)

Definition

411

(1)

Prevalence

411

(1)

Etiology

411

(1)

Effects

412

(1)

Risk Factors

412

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

413

(4)

Overweight and Obesity

417

(4)

Definition

417

(1)

BMI Charts

417

(1)

Prevalence

418

(1)

Etiology

418

(1)

Effects

418

(1)

Nutrition-Related Risk Factors

418

(3)

Nutrition and the Elderly

421

(30)

Introduction

422

(1)

What Counts As Old?

422

(1)

Food Matters: Nutrition Contributes to a Long and Healthy Life

422

(1)

A Picture of the Aging Population: Relevant Vital Statistics

423

(2)

Global Population Trends: Life Expectancy and Life Span

423

(1)

Nutrition: A Component of Health Objectives for the Older Adult Population

424

(1)

Theories of Aging

425

(1)

Programmed Aging

425

(1)

Wear and Tear Theories of Aging

425

(1)

Calorie Restriction and Longevity

426

(1)

Physiological Changes

426

(3)

Body Composition Changes

426

(2)

Changing Sensual Awareness: Taste and Small Appetite and Thirst

428

(1)

Nutritional Risk Factors

429

(2)

Dietary Recommendations

431

(2)

Food-based Guidance: The Pyramid

431

(1)

Actual Food Group Intake

431

(1)

Eating Occasions

432

(1)

Nutrient Recommendations

433

(1)

Energy Intake: A Measure of Macronutrients

433

(1)

Nutrient Recommendations: Macro-and Micronutrients of Concern

433

(1)

Macronutrients

433

(3)

Recommendations for Fluid

436

(1)

Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals

436

(1)

Age-Associated Changes in Metabolism: Nutrients of Concern

436

(2)

Low Dietary Intake: Nutrients of Concern

438

(1)

Micronutrient Supplements: Why, When, What?

439

(1)

Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods

440

(1)

``Non-nutrient'' Intakes: Special Interest for Older Adults

441

(1)

Nutrient Recommendations: Using the Food Label

441

(1)

Cross-cultural Considerations in Making Dietary Recommendations

442

Physical Activity Recommendations

433

(11)

Exercise Guidelines

443

(1)

Nutrition Policy and Intervention for Risk Reduction

444

(2)

Nutrition Education

444

(1)

Model Programs Exemplify Intervention Goals

445

(1)

Community Food and Nutrition Programs

446

(5)

Elderly Nutrition Programs

446

(1)

Senior Nutrition Program

446

(1)

The Promise of Prevention: Health Promotion

447

(4)

Nutrition and the Elderly Conditions and Interventions

451

(30)

Introduction

452

(1)

Importance of Nutrition

452

(1)

Nutrition and Health

452

(1)

Nutrition-Related Conditions

452

(3)

Heart Disease

452

(1)

Stroke

453

(1)

Hypertension

454

(1)

Cancers

455

(2)

Definition

455

(1)

Prevalence

455

(1)

Etiology

455

(1)

Effects

455

(1)

Risk Factors

456

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

456

(1)

Diabetes

457

(3)

Definition

457

(1)

Prevalence

457

(1)

Etiology

457

(1)

Effects

458

(1)

Risk Factors

458

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

458

(2)

Insulin Resistance Syndrome (Metabolic Syndrome)

460

(1)

Definition

460

(1)

Prevalence

460

(1)

Etiology

460

(1)

Effects

460

(1)

Risk Factors

460

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

461

(1)

Osteoporosis

461

(4)

Definition

461

(1)

Prevalence

461

(1)

Etiology

462

(1)

Effects

462

(1)

Risk Factors

463

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

463

(1)

Other Issues Impacting Nutritional Remedies

464

(1)

Oral Health

465

(1)

Definition

465

(1)

Prevalence

465

(1)

Etiology and Effects

465

(1)

Risk Factors

465

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

466

(1)

Gastrointestinal Diseases

466

(3)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

466

(1)

Constipation

466

(1)

Inflammatory Diseases

467

(2)

Complementary and Traditional Medications

469

(1)

Mental Health and Cognitive Disorders

469

(1)

Definition

469

(1)

Prevalence

469

(1)

Etiology

469

(1)

Effects

470

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

470

(1)

Obesity and Low Body Weight/Underweight

470

(1)

Obesity

470

(1)

Low Body Weight/Underweight

470

(1)

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

471

(2)

Definition and Etiology

471

(1)

Pernicious Anemia

471

(1)

Inadequate Dietary Intake or Absorption (Protein-bound Vitamin B12 Deficiency)

472

(1)

Foodborne Illness and Food Safety

473

(1)

Definition

473

(1)

Prevalence

473

(1)

Etiology/Effects

473

(1)

Risk Factors

473

(1)

Nutrition at Remedies

474

(1)

Dehydration

474

(2)

Definition

474

(1)

Prevalence

474

(1)

Etiology

474

(1)

Effects

475

(1)

Dehydration at End-of Life

475

(1)

Nutritional Remedies

475

(1)

Bereavement

476

(5)

Appendix A: CDC Growth Charts

481

(8)

Appendix B: BMI Charts for Adults with Silhouettes

489

(1)

Appendix C: Nutrient Intakes of Adults Aged 70 and Older

490

(1)

Glossary

491

(8)

Index

499

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Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

9780534589868

0534589863

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Rent More, Save More! Use code: KBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

Nutrition Through The Life Cycle W/Infotrac

9780534589868

0534589863

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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