The challenges of economic development become harder to achieve if poor countries also face military threats, either from external sources (such as the arms race between India and Pakistan) or from internal sources (conflicts and civil wars in Kashmir, Nepal and Sri Lanka). This book examines the relationship between economic and military security in developing countries. Set in the context of South Asia, focusing on India and Pakistan: two of only a dozen or so countries which have the capability to produce nuclear weapons, it is the product of detailed analytical research.