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Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

by: Weiss, Mark Allen

Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

by: Weiss, Mark Allen

ISBN 13:
9780201549911
ISBN 10:
0201549913
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/01/1997
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Summary

"The book's unique approach of separating the interface (how to use a data structure) and the implementation (how to program a structure) of each data structure into parts has been hailed by both professors and students as an outstanding and efficient way of teaching data structures. Professor Mark Allen Weiss continues with this approach in the third edition of Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java by introducing concepts in four parts. Part 1 (tour of Java), Part 2 (Algorithms and Building Blocks), and Part 3 (Applications) lay the groundwork by discussing basic concepts and tools and providing some practical examples. Implementation of data structures is not shown until Part 4 (Implementations). This practical approach forces the student to think abstractly about the functionality of the data structures before implementing them." "This edition incorporates the many enhancements of Java 5.0. It includes coverage of generic programming and of the design of generic collection classes. The book is appropriate for students who are familiar with basic Java programming concepts or are new to the language and want to learn how it treats data structures concepts."--BOOK JACKET.

Part I: Tour of Java

(104)

CHAPTER 1 Primitive Java

(24)

1.1 The General Environment

(1)

1.2 The First Program

(1)

1.2.1 Comments

(1)

1.2.2 main

(1)

1.2.3 Terminal Output

(1)

1.3 Primitive Types

(2)

1.3.1 The Primitive Types

(1)

1.3.2 Constants

(1)

1.3.3 Declaration and Initialization of Primitive Types

(1)

1.3.4 Terminal Input and Output

(1)

1.4 Basic Operators

(3)

1.4.1 Assignment Operators

(1)

1.4.2 Binary Arithmetic Operators

(1)

1.4.3 Unary Operators

(1)

1.4.4 Type Conversions

(1)

1.5 Conditional Statements

(7)

1.5.1 Relational and Equality Operators

(1)

1.5.2 Logical Operators

(1)

1.5.3 The if Statement

(1)

1.5.4 The while Statement

(1)

1.5.5 The for Statement

(1)

1.5.6 The do Statement

(1)

1.5.7 break and continue

(1)

1.5.8 The switch Statement

(1)

1.5.9 The Conditional Operator

(1)

1.6 Methods

(2)

1.6.1 Overloading of Method Names

(1)

1.6.2 Storage Classes

(1)

Summary

(1)

Objects of the Game

(2)

Common Errors

(1)

On the Internet

(1)

Exercises

(2)

References

(2)

CHAPTER 2 References

(26)

2.1 What Is a Reference?

(2)

2.2 Basics of Objects and References

(4)

2.2.1 The Dot Operator (.)

(1)

2.2.2 Declaration of Objects

(1)

2.2.3 Garbage Collection

(1)

2.2.4 The Meaning of =

(1)

2.2.5 Parameter Passing

(1)

2.2.6 The Meaning of ==

(1)

2.2.7 Operator Overloading for Objects

(1)

2.3 Strings

(3)

2.3.1 Basics of String Manipulation

(1)

2.3.2 String Concatenation

(1)

2.3.3 Comparing Strings

(1)

2.3.4 Other String Methods

(1)

2.3.5 Converting between Strings and Primitive Types

(1)

2.4 Arrays

(6)

2.4.1 Declaration, Assignment, and Methods

(3)

2.4.2 Dynamic Array Expansion

(2)

2.4.3 Multidimensional Arrays

(1)

2.4.4 Command-line Arguments

(1)

2.5 Exception Handling

(3)

2.5.1 Processing Exceptions

(1)

2.5.2 The finally Clause

(1)

2.5.3 Common Exceptions

(1)

2.5.4 The throw and throws Clauses

(1)

2.6 Input and Output

(4)

2.6.1 Basic Stream Operations

(1)

2.6.2 The StringTokenizer Object

(1)

2.6.3 Sequential Files

(2)

Summary

(1)

Objects of the Game

(2)

Common Errors

(1)

On the Internet

(1)

Exercises

(1)

References

(1)

CHAPTER 3 Objects and Classes

(22)

3.1 What Is Object-oriented Programming?

(2)

3.2 A Simple Example

(2)

3.3 Javadoc

(1)

3.4 Basic Methods

(4)

3.4.1 Constructors

(2)

3.4.2 Mutators and Accessors

(1)

3.4.3 Output and toString

(2)

3.4.4 equals

(1)

3.4.5 static Methods

(1)

3.4.6 main

(1)

3.5 Packages

(4)

3.5.1 The import Directive

(1)

3.5.2 The package Statement

(1)

3.5.3 The CLASSPATH Environment Variable

(1)

3.5.4 Package-friendly Visibility Rules

(1)

3.5.5 Separate Compilation

(1)

3.6 Additional Constructs

(4)

3.6.1 The this Reference

(1)

3.6.2 The this Shorthand for Constructors

(1)

3.6.3 The instanceof Operator

(1)

3.6.4 Static Fields

(1)

3.6.5 Static Initializers

(1)

Summary

(1)

Objects of the Game

(1)

Common Errors

(1)

On the Internet

(1)

Exercises

(2)

References

(1)

CHAPTER 4 Inheritance

(32)

4.1 What Is Inheritance

(3)

4.2 Basic Java Syntax

(6)

4.2.1 Visibility Rules

(1)

4.2.2 The Constructor and super

(1)

4.2.3 final Methods and Classes

(1)

4.2.4 Overriding a Method

(1)

4.2.5 Abstract Methods and Classes

(2)

4.3 Example: Expanding the Shape Class

(6)

4.3.1 Digression: An Introduction to Sorting

(4)

4.4 Multiple Inheritance

(1)

4.5 The Interface

(4)

4.5.1 Specifying an Interface

(1)

4.5.2 Implementing an Interface

(3)

4.5.3 Multiple Interfaces

(1)

4.6 Implementing Generic Components

(3)

Summary

(1)

Objects of the Game

(1)

Common Errors

(1)

On the Internet

100

(1)

Exercises

100

(2)

References

102

(5)

Part II: Algorithms and Building Blocks

107

(176)

CHAPTER 5 Algorithm Analysis

107

(36)

5.1 What Is Algorithm Analysis?

107

(4)

5.2 Examples of Algorithm Running Times

111

(2)

5.3 The Maximum Contiguous Subsequence Sum Problem

113

(8)

5.3.1 The Obvious O(N(3)) Algorithm

114

(3)

5.3.2 An Improved O(N(2)) Algorithm

117

(1)

5.3.3 A Linear Algorithm

118

(3)

5.4 General Big-Oh Rules

121

(3)

5.5 The Logarithm

124

(3)

5.6 Static Searching Problem

127

(4)

5.6.1 Sequential Search

127

(1)

5.6.2 Binary Search

128

(1)

5.6.3 Interpolation Search

129

(2)

5.7 Checking an Algorithm Analysis

131

(2)

5.8 Limitations of Big-Oh Analysis

133

(1)

Summary

133

(1)

Objects of the Game

134

(1)

Common Errors

134

(1)

On the Internet

135

(1)

Exercises

135

(4)

References

139

(4)

CHAPTER 6 Data Structures

143

(30)

6.1 Why Do We Need Data Structures?

143

(2)

6.2 Stacks

145

(3)

6.2.1 Stacks and Computer Languages

147

(1)

6.3 Queues

148

(2)

6.4 Linked Lists

150

(5)

6.5 General Trees

155

(2)

6.6 Binary Search Trees

157

(4)

6.7 Hash Tables

161

(2)

6.8 Priority Queues

163

(3)

Summary

166

(1)

Objects of the Game

167

(1)

Common Errors

168

(1)

On the Internet

168

(1)

Exercises

169

(3)

References

172

(1)

CHAPTER 7 Recursion

173

(50)

7.1 What Is Recursion?

173

(1)

7.2 Background: Proofs by Mathematical Induction

174

(3)

7.3 Basic Recursion

177

(12)

7.3.1 Printing Numbers in Any Base

179

(1)

7.3.2 Why It Works

180

(2)

7.3.3 How It Works

182

(1)

7.3.4 Too Much Recursion Can Be Dangerous

183

(2)

7.3.5 Additional Examples

185

(4)

7.4 Numerical Applications

189

(8)

7.4.1 Modular Arithmetic

190

(1)

7.4.2 Modular Exponentiation

190

(2)

7.4.3 Greatest Common Divisor and Multiplicative Inverses

192

(2)

7.4.4 The RSA Cryptosystem

194

(3)

7.5 Divide-and-Conquer Algorithms

197

(10)

7.5.1 The Maximum Contiguous Subsequence Sum Problem

197

(2)

7.5.2 Analysis of a Basic Divide-and-Conquer Recurrence

199

(5)

7.5.3 A General Upper Bound for Divide-and-Conquer Running Times

204

(3)

7.6 Dynamic Programming

207

(4)

7.7 Backtracking Algorithms

211

(3)

Summary

214

(1)

Objects of the Game

215

(2)

Common Errors

217

(1)

On the Internet

217

(1)

Exercises

218

(3)

References

221

(2)

CHAPTER 8 Sorting Algorithms

223

(36)

8.1 Why Is Sorting Important?

223

(2)

8.2 Preliminaries

225

(1)

8.3 Analysis of the Insertion Sort and Other Simple Sorts

225

(2)

8.4 Shellsort

227

(4)

8.4.1 Performance of Shellsort

229

(2)

8.5 Mergesort

231

(4)

8.5.1 Linear-time Merging of Sorted Arrays

231

(3)

8.5.2 The Mergesort Algorithm

234

(1)

8.6 Quicksort

235

(13)

8.6.1 The Quicksort Algorithm

235

(1)

8.6.2 Analysis of Quicksort

236

(4)

8.6.3 Picking the Pivot

240

(1)

8.6.4 A Partitioning Strategy

241

(3)

8.6.5 Keys Equal to the Pivot

244

(1)

8.6.6 Median-of-three Partitioning

244

(1)

8.6.7 Small Arrays

245

(1)

8.6.8 Java Quicksort Routine

246

(2)

8.7 Quickselect

248

(2)

8.8 A Lower Bound for Sorting

250

(1)

Summary

251

(1)

Objects of the Game

251

(1)

Common Errors

252

(1)

On the Internet

252

(1)

Exercises

253

(3)

References

256

(3)

CHAPTER 9 Randomization

259

(24)

9.1 Why Do We Need Random Numbers?

259

(1)

9.2 Random-number Generators

260

(5)

9.3 Nonuniform Random Numbers

265

(3)

9.4 Generating a Random Permutation

268

(1)

9.5 Randomized Algorithms

269

(2)

9.6 Randomized Primality Testing

271

(4)

Summary

275

(1)

Objects of the Game

275

(1)

Common Errors

276

(1)

On the Internet

277

(1)

Exercises

277

(2)

References

279

(4)

Part III: Applications

283

(128)

CHAPTER 10 Fun and Games

283

(20)

10.1 Word Search Puzzles

283

(9)

10.1.1 Theory

283

(5)

10.1.2 Java Implementation

288

(4)

10.2 The Game of Tic-Tac-Toe

292

(7)

10.2.1 Alpha-beta Pruning

292

(1)

10.2.2 Transposition Tables

293

(5)

10.2.3 Computer Chess

298

(1)

Summary

299

(1)

Objects of the Game

299

(1)

Common Errors

300

(1)

On the Internet

300

(1)

Exercises

300

(2)

References

302

(1)

CHAPTER 11 Stacks and Compilers

303

(28)

11.1 Balanced-symbol Checker

303

(10)

11.1.1 Basic Algorithm

303

(3)

11.1.2 Implementation

306

(7)

11.2 A Simple Calculator

313

(14)

11.2.1 Postfix Machines

314

(2)

11.2.2 Infix to Postfix Conversion

316

(2)

11.2.3 Implementation

318

(8)

11.2.4 Expression Trees

326

(1)

Summary

327

(1)

Objects of the Game

327

(1)

Common Errors

328

(1)

On the Internet

328

(1)

Exercises

329

(1)

References

330

(1)

CHAPTER 12 Utilities

331

(18)

12.1 File Compression

331

(7)

12.1.1 Prefix Codes

332

(2)

12.1.2 Huffman's Algorithm

334

(3)

12.1.3 The Encoding Phase

337

(1)

12.1.4 Decoding Phase

337

(1)

12.1.5 Practical Considerations

338

(1)

12.2 A Cross-reference Generator

338

(5)

12.2.1 Basic Ideas

339

(1)

12.2.2 Java Implementation

339

(4)

Summary

343

(2)

Objects of the Game

345

(1)

Common Errors

345

(1)

On the Internet

345

(1)

Exercises

345

(3)

References

348

(1)

CHAPTER 13 Simulation

349

(18)

13.1 The Josephus Problem

349

(5)

13.1.1 The Simple Solution

350

(2)

13.1.2 A More Efficient Algorithm

352

(2)

13.2 Event-driven Simulation

354

(9)

13.2.1 Basic Ideas

354

(2)

13.2.2 Example: A Modem Bank Simulation

356

(7)

Summary

363

(1)

Objects of the Game

363

(1)

Common Errors

364

(1)

On the Internet

364

(1)

Exercises

364

(3)

CHAPTER 14 Graphs and Paths

367

(44)

14.1 Definitions

367

(12)

14.1.1 Representation

369

(10)

14.2 Unweighted Shortest-path Problem

379

(8)

14.2.1 Theory

382

(4)

14.2.2 Java Implementation

386

(1)

14.3 Positive-weighted, Shortest-path Problem

387

(6)

14.3.1 Theory: Dijkstra's Algorithm

387

(3)

14.3.2 Java Implementation

390

(3)

14.4 Negative-weighted, Shortest-path Problem

393

(2)

14.4.1 Theory

393

(2)

14.4.2 Java Implementation

395

(1)

14.5 Path Problems in Acyclic Graphs

395

(8)

14.5.1 Topological Sorting

396

(2)

14.5.2 Theory of the Acyclic Shortest-path Algorithm

398

(1)

14.5.3 Java Implementation

399

(1)

14.5.4 An Application: Critical-path Analysis

399

(4)

Summary

403

(1)

Objects of the Game

403

(2)

Common Errors

405

(1)

On the Internet

405

(1)

Exercises

405

(3)

References

408

(3)

Part IV: Implementations

411

(206)

CHAPTER 15 Stacks and Queues

411

(22)

15.1 Dynamic Array Implementations

411

(10)

15.1.1 Stacks

411

(5)

15.1.2 Queues

416

(5)

15.2 Linked-list Implementations

421

(7)

15.2.1 Stacks

422

(4)

15.2.2 Queues

426

(2)

15.3 Comparison of the Two Methods

428

(1)

15.4 Double-ended Queues

428

(1)

Summary

429

(1)

Objects of the Game

430

(1)

Common Errors

430

(1)

On the Internet

430

(1)

Exercises

430

(3)

CHAPTER 16 Linked Lists

433

(22)

16.1 Basic Ideas

433

(4)

16.1.1 Header Nodes

435

(1)

16.1.2 Iterator Classes

436

(1)

16.2 Java Implementation

437

(8)

16.3 Doubly Linked Lists and Circular Linked Lists

445

(2)

16.4 Sorted Linked Lists

447

(3)

Summary

450

(1)

Objects of the Game

450

(1)

Common Errors

450

(1)

On the Internet

451

(1)

Exercises

451

(4)

CHAPTER 17 Trees

455

(34)

17.1 General Trees

455

(8)

17.1.1 Definitions

455

(2)

17.1.2 Implementation

457

(2)

17.1.3 An Application: File Systems

459

(4)

17.2 Binary Trees

463

(5)

17.3 Recursion and Trees

468

(3)

17.4 Tree Traversal: Iterator Classes

471

(12)

17.4.1 Postorder Traversal

474

(3)

17.4.2 Inorder Traversal

477

(1)

17.4.3 Preorder Traversal

477

(4)

17.4.4 Level-order Traversals

481

(2)

Summary

483

(1)

Objects of the Game

483

(1)

Common Errors

484

(1)

On the Internet

484

(1)

Exercises

485

(4)

CHAPTER 18 Binary Search Trees

489

(64)

18.1 Basic Ideas

489

(11)

18.1.1 The Operations

490

(4)

18.1.2 Java Implementation

494

(6)

18.2 Order Statistics

500

(4)

18.2.1 Java Implementation

500

(4)

18.3 Analysis of Binary Search Tree Operations

504

(4)

18.4 AVL Trees

508

(9)

18.4.1 Properties

509

(2)

18.4.2 Single Rotation

511

(1)

18.4.3 Double Rotation

512

(3)

18.4.4 Summary of AVL Insertion

515

(2)

18.5 Red-Black Trees

517

(13)

18.5.1 Bottom-up Insertion

518

(2)

18.5.2 Top-down Red-Black Trees

520

(2)

18.5.3 Java Implementation

522

(4)

18.5.4 Top-down Deletion

526

(4)

18.6 AA-Trees

530

(10)

18.6.1 Insertion

532

(4)

18.6.2 Deletion

536

(1)

18.6.3 Java Implementation

537

(3)

18.7 B-Trees

540

(5)

Summary

545

(1)

Objects of the Game

546

(1)

Common Errors

547

(1)

On the Internet

547

(1)

Exercises

548

(2)

References

550

(3)

CHAPTER 19 Hash Tables

553

(28)

19.1 Basic Ideas

553

(1)

19.2 Hash Function

554

(3)

19.3 Linear Probing

557

(5)

19.3.1 Naive Analysis of Linear Probing

558

(2)

19.3.2 What Really Happens: Primary Clustering

560

(1)

19.3.3 Analysis of the find Operation

560

(2)

19.4 Quadratic Probing

562

(11)

19.4.1 Java Implementation

568

(4)

19.4.2 Analysis of Quadratic Probing

572

(1)

19.5 Separate Chaining Hashing

573

(1)

Summary

573

(2)

Objects of the Game

575

(1)

Common Errors

575

(1)

On the Internet

576

(1)

Exercises

576

(1)

References

578

(3)

CHAPTER 20 A Priority Queue: The Binary Heap

581

(36)

20.1 Basic Ideas

581

(7)

20.1.1 Structure Property

582

(2)

20.1.2 Heap-order Property

584

(1)

20.1.3 Allowed Operations

584

(4)

20.2 Implementation of the Basic Operations

588

(5)

20.2.1 insert

588

(3)

20.2.2 deleteMin

591

(2)

20.3 fixHeap: Linear Time Heap Construction

593

(5)

20.4 Advanced Operations: decreaseKey and merge

598

(1)

20.5 Internal Sorting: Heapsort

598

(3)

20.6 External Sorting

601

(7)

20.6.1 Why We Need New Algorithms

601

(1)

20.6.2 Model for External Sorting

602

(1)

20.6.3 The Simple Algorithm

602

(2)

20.6.4 Multiway Merge

604

(1)

20.6.5 Polyphase Merge

604

(3)

20.6.6 Replacement Selection

607

(1)

Summary

608

(1)

Objects of the Game

608

(1)

Common Errors

609

(1)

On the Internet

610

(1)

Exercises

610

(2)

References

612

(5)

Part V: Advanced Data Structures

617

(80)

CHAPTER 21 Splay Trees

617

(26)

21.1 Self-adjustment and Amortized Analysis

617

(4)

21.1.1 Amortized Time Bounds

618

(1)

21.1.2 A Simple Self-adjusting Strategy (That Does Not Work)

619

(2)

21.2 The Basic Bottom-up Splay Tree

621

(2)

21.3 Basic Splay Tree Operations

623

(1)

21.4 Analysis of Bottom-up Splaying

624

(6)

21.4.1 Proof of the Splaying Bound

627

(3)

21.5 Top-down Splay Trees

630

(3)

21.6 Implementation of Top-down Splay Trees

633

(3)

21.7 Comparison of the Splay Tree with Other Search Trees

636

(4)

Summary

640

(1)

Objects of the Game

640

(1)

Common Errors

640

(1)

On the Internet

641

(1)

Exercises

641

(1)

References

642

(1)

CHAPTER 22 Merging Priority Queues

643

(22)

22.1 The Skew Heap

643

(5)

22.1.1 Merging Is Fundamental

643

(1)

22.1.2 Simplistic Merging of Heap-ordered Trees

644

(1)

22.1.3 The Skew Heap: A Simple Modification

645

(1)

22.1.4 Analysis of the Skew Heap

646

(2)

22.2 The Pairing Heap

648

(12)

22.2.1 Pairing Heap Operations and Theory

649

(2)

22.2.2 Implementation of the Pairing Heap

651

(9)

22.2.3 Application: Dijkstra's Shortest Weighted Path Algorithm

660

(1)

Summary

660

(1)

Objects of the Game

661

(1)

Common Errors

661

(1)

On the Internet

661

(1)

Exercises

661

(1)

References

662

(3)

CHAPTER 23 The Disjoint Set Class

665

(32)

23.1 Equivalence Relations

665

(1)

23.2 Dynamic Equivalence and Two Applications

666

(6)

23.2.1 Application #1: Minimum Spanning Trees

667

(2)

23.2.2 Application #2: The Nearest Common Ancestor Problem

669

(3)

23.3 The Quick-find Algorithm

672

(2)

23.4 The Quick-union Algorithm

674

(5)

23.4.1 Smart Union Algorithms

676

(1)

23.4.2 Path Compression

677

(2)

23.5 Java Implementation

679

(2)

23.6 Worst Case for Union-by-rank and Path Compression

681

(8)

23.6.1 Analysis of the Union Find Algorithm

682

(7)

Summary

689

(1)

Objects of the Game

689

(1)

Common Error

690

(1)

On the Internet

690

(1)

Exercises

690

(2)

References

692

(5)

APPENDICES

697

(72)

APPENDIX A Java Platforms

697

(16)

A.1 Setting the Environment

697

(3)

A.1.1 Unix Instructions

698

(1)

A.1.2 Windows 95 NT Instructions

699

(1)

A.2 Sun's JDK

700

(1)

A.3 Visual Development Environments

700

(13)

A.3.1 Symantec Cafe

701

(6)

A.3.2 Microsoft Visual J++

707

(6)

APPENDIX B Operators

713

(2)

APPENDIX C Some Library Routines

715

(16)

C.1 Classes in Package java.lang

715

(9)

C.1.1 Character

715

(1)

C.1.2 Integer

716

(1)

C.1.3 Object

717

(1)

C.1.4 String

718

(1)

C.1.5 StringBuffer

719

(2)

C.1.6 System

721

(2)

C.1.7 Thread

723

(1)

C.1.8 Throwable

723

(1)

C.2 Classes in Package java.io

724

(3)

C.2.1 BufferedReader

724

(1)

C.2.2 File

725

(1)

C.2.3 FileReader

726

(1)

C.2.4 InputStreamReader

726

(1)

C.2.5 PushbackReader

727

(1)

C.3 Classes in Package java.util

727

(3)

C.3.1 Random

728

(1)

C.3.2 StringTokenizer

728

(2)

C.3.3 Vector

730

(1)

On the Internet

730

(1)

APPENDIX D Graphical User Interfaces

731

(38)

D.1 The Abstract Window Toolkit

731

(1)

D.2 Basic Objects in the AWT

732

(9)

D.2.1 Component

733

(1)

D.2.2 Container

734

(1)

D.2.3 Top-level Windows

734

(2)

D.2.4 Panel

736

(1)

D.2.5 Important I O Components

736

(5)

D.3 Basic AWT Principles

741

(9)

D.3.1 Layout Managers

741

(4)

D.3.2 Graphics

745

(2)

D.3.3 Events

747

(3)

D.3.4 Summary: Putting the Pieces Together

750

(1)

D.4 Animations and Threads

750

(3)

D.5 Applets

753

(9)

D.5.1 Hypertext Markup Language

753

(3)

D.5.2 Parameters

756

(1)

D.5.3 Applet Limitations

756

(2)

D.5.4 Making an Application an Applet

758

(2)

D.5.5 Applets with Animation

760

(2)

Summary

762

(1)

Objects of the Game

762

(2)

Common Errors

764

(1)

On the Internet

765

(1)

Exercises

766

(2)

Reference

768

(1)

Index

769

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Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

9780201549911

0201549913

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

Data Structures and Problem Solving Using Java

9780201549911

0201549913

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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