9781119170198 | Child Psychology and ...

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An authoritative, up-to-date guide for psychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians and other professionals working with vulnerable and at-risk children

Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Third Edition is an indispensable resource for psychologists and psychiatrists in training, as well as experienced clinicians who want to stay abreast of important recent developments in the field. Comprehensive in coverage and much broader in scope than competing titles, its clear, concise entries and abundance of illustrations and visual aids make it easy for busy professionals and interns to quickly absorb and retain key information.

Written by expert clinicians and researchers in a wide range of disciplines within or relevant to the fields of normal and abnormal childhood development, Child Psychology and Psychiatry includes contributions from clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, pediatricians, speech pathologists, and developmental psychology and psychopathology researchers. It has been fully updated for the DSM-5 and reflects the theoretical, structural, and practical developments which have taken place in the world of child psychology and psychiatry over recent years.

Combines a strong academic and research emphasis with the extensive clinical expertise of contributing authors
Covers normal development, fostering child competence, childhood resilience and wellbeing, and family and genetic influences
Discusses neurobiological, genetic, familial and cultural influences upon child development, especially those fostering childhood resilience and emotional wellbeing
Explores the acquisition of social and emotional developmental competencies with reviews of child psychopathology, clinical diagnoses, assessment and intervention
Features new chapters on the impact of social media on clinical practice, early intervention for psychosis in adolescence, and the development of the theory and practice of mentalization

Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Third Edition is an indispensable learning tool for all of those training in clinical psychology, educational psychology, social work, psychiatry, and psychiatric and pediatric nursing. It is also a valuable working resource for all those who work professionally with at-risk children and adolescents.

Dr. David Skuse is Head of Behavioural and Brain Sciences at the UCL Institute of Child Health and an Honorary Consultant in Developmental Neuropsychiatry at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children.

Dr. Helen Bruce is a Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist for East London NHS Foundation Trust, Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer at Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Senior Teaching Fellow at the Institute of Child Health, UCL.

Dr. Linda Dowdney is a Consultant Clinical Psychologist and Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society.

Notes on Contributors xxiii

Section 1 Developing Competencies

1a: Contextual Influences Upon Social and Emotional Development 1

1 Family and Systemic Influences 3
Barbara Maughan

Family Relationships and Parenting 3

Parent and Family Characteristics 5

Sibling Relationships 5

Changing Family Patterns 6

Parental Separation and Divorce 6

Childcare and Schooling 6

Wider Social and Environmental Influences 7

Poverty and Social Disadvantage 7

Neighbourhood and Community Contexts 8

Multiple Stressors 8

References 8

2 Child Development and Cultural Considerations in Clinical Practice 11
Ruma Bose and Sanjida Sattar

Introduction 11

Developmental Niche and Eco-Cultural Pathways 11

Childhood and Parenting Across Cultures 12

Infancy 12

Developmental Stages 12

Attachment 12

Parental Involvement in Play and Learning 13

Middle Childhood 13

Adolescence 14

Culture and Disability 14

Ethnicity and Mental Health 14

Conclusion 15

References 15

3 Neurobehavioural Development in Infancy: The Buffering and Transducing Role of the Mother/Caretaker–Infant Dyad 17
Cindy H. Liu and Ed Tronick

Introduction 17

Infant Neurobehavioural Capacities 17

Culture 18

Mutual Regulation and Buffer–Transducer Models 20

Conclusion 21

References 22

4 Genetic and Biological Influences 25
David H. Skuse

Introduction 25

How Many Genes Are There? 26

Sources of Genomic Variation 28

Mechanisms of Genomic Regulation 29

Mechanisms Influencing Neurodevelopmental Integrity 30

Measuring Genetic Susceptibility to Psychiatric Disorders 30

Gene–Environment Interactions 30

Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) 31

Epigenetic Variation 32

Future of Psychiatric Genetics: Precision Medicine 32

Conclusions 33

References 34

Section 1b: General Patterns of Development 37

5 Clinical Evaluation of Development from Birth to 5 Years 39
Ajay Sharma, Tony O’Sullivan and Gillian Baird

Child Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 39

History-Taking 41

Observation and Interactive Assessment 42

Developmental Domains 42

Gross Motor 42

Visual Behaviour, Eye–Hand Coordination and Problem-Solving 43

Early Visual Behaviour 43

Eye–Hand Co-Ordination 43

Object Concepts and Relationships 44

Imitating and Copying Cube Models 44

Drawing 45

Language and Communication 46

Play and Social Behaviour 46

Development of Attention 46

Cognitive Development 46

Clinical Decision-Making and Severity of Developmental Delay 48

Physical Examination 49

Planning Medical Investigations and Making Diagnosis 50

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Child Psychology and Psychiatry Frameworks for Clinical Training and Practice

Child Psychology and Psychiatry Frameworks for Clinical Training and Practice

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