9780137647842

Discover the Beauty of Modern C++

" Beautiful C++ presents the C++ Core Guidelines from a developer's point of view with an emphasis on what benefits can be obtained from following the rules and what nightmares can result from ignoring them. For true geeks, it is an easy and entertaining read. For most software developers, it offers something new and useful."
--Bjarne Stroustrup, inventor of C++ and co-editor of the C++ Core Guidelines

Writing great C++ code needn't be difficult. The C++ Core Guidelines can help every C++ developer design and write C++ programs that are exceptionally reliable, efficient, and well-performing. But the Guidelines are so jam-packed with excellent advice that it's hard to know where to start. Start here, with Beautiful C++.

Expert C++ programmers Guy Davidson and Kate Gregory identify 30 Core Guidelines you'll find especially valuable and offer detailed practical knowledge for improving your C++ style. For easy reference, this book is structured to align closely with the official C++ Core Guidelines website.

Throughout, Davidson and Gregory offer useful conceptual insights and expert sample code, illuminate proven ways to use both new and longstanding language features more successfully, and show how to write programs that are more robust and performant by default.

Avoid "bikeshedding": stop wasting valuable time on trivia
Don't hurt yourself by writing code that will cause problems later
Know which legacy features to avoid and the modern features to use instead
Use newer features properly, to get their benefits without creating new problems
Default to higher-quality code that's statically type-safe, leak resistant, and easier to evolve
Use the Core Guidelines with any modern C++ version: C++20, C++17, C++14, or C++11

There's something here to improve virtually every program you write, design, or maintain.

For ease of experimentation, all sample code is available on Compiler Explorer at https://godbolt.org/z/cg30-ch0.0.

Register your book for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available. See inside book for details.

J. Guy Davidson, head of engineering practice at Creative Assembly, works on its Total War game franchise, curates its catalogue, and improves programming standards across its engineering team. He serves on the ISO C++ committee, moderates the #include <C++> discord server, speaks at C++ events, and offers C++ mentoring support through Prospela and BAME in Games.

Kate Gregory has 40+ years of development experience in multiple languages. She has keynoted on five continents, and volunteers in many C++ activities, especially #include <C++>, which is making the industry more welcoming and inclusive. Since 1986 she and her husband have run Gregory Consulting, helping clients worldwide become more effective.

List of Selected C++ Core Guidelines xiii
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xxi
About the Authors xxiii

Section 1: Bikeshedding is bad 1
Chapter 1.1: P.2: Write in ISO Standard C++ 3
Chapter 1.2: F.51: Where there is a choice, prefer default arguments over overloading 13
Chapter 1.3: C.45: Don't define a default constructor that only initializes data members; use in-class member initializers instead 23
Chapter 1.4: C.131: Avoid trivial getters and setters 31
Chapter 1.5: ES.10: Declare one name (only) per declaration 41
Chapter 1.6: NR.2: Don't insist to have only a single return-statement in a function 49

Section 2: Don't hurt yourself 59
Chapter 2.1: P.11: Encapsulate messy constructs, rather than spreading through the code 61
Chapter 2.2: I.23: Keep the number of function arguments low 71
Chapter 2.3: I.26: If you want a cross-compiler ABI, use a C-style subset 79
Chapter 2.4: C.47: Define and initialize member variables in the order of member declaration 87
Chapter 2.5: CP.3: Minimize explicit sharing of writable data 97
Chapter 2.6: T.120: Use template metaprogramming only when you really need to 107

Section 3: Stop using that 119
Chapter 3.1: I.11: Never transfer ownership by a raw pointer (T*) or reference (T&) 121
Chapter 3.2: I.3: Avoid singletons 129
Chapter 3.3: C.90: Rely on constructors and assignment operators, not memset and memcpy 139
Chapter 3.4: ES.50: Don't cast away const 149
Chapter 3.5: E.28: Avoid error handling based on global state (e.g. errno)159
Chapter 3.6: SF.7: Don't write using namespace at global scope in a header file 169

Section 4: Use this new thing properly 179
Chapter 4.1: F.21: To return multiple "out" values, prefer returning a struct or tuple 181
Chapter 4.2: Enum.3: Prefer class enums over "plain" enums 193
Chapter 4.3: ES.5: Keep scopes small 201
Chapter 4.4: Con.5: Use constexpr for values that can be computed at compile time 213
Chapter 4.5: T.1: Use templates to raise the level of abstraction of code 225
Chapter 4.6: T.10: Specify concepts for all template arguments 235

Section 5: Write code well by default 45
Chapter 5.1: P.4: Ideally, a program should be statically type safe 247
Chapter 5.2: P.10: Prefer immutable data to mutable data 259
Chapter 5.3: I.30: Encapsulate rule violations 267
Chapter 5.4: ES.22: Don't declare a variable until you have a value to initialize it with 275
Chapter 5.5: Per.7: Design to enable optimization 285
Chapter 5.6: E.6: Use RAII to prevent leaks 293

Envoi 305
Afterword 307

Index 309

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Beautiful C++ 30 Core Guidelines for Writing Clean, Safe, and Fast Code

Beautiful C++ 30 Core Guidelines for Writing Clean, Safe, and Fast Code

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