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The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

by: Ehrat

The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

by: Ehrat

ISBN 13:
9780757516436
ISBN 10:
0757516432
Edition: 6
Format: Spiral Bound
Copyright: 01/25/2005
Publisher: Kendall-Hunt
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Summary

The fundamentals of EKG interpretation is often beyond the scope of undergraduate/graduate curriculum. Yet, students frequently express interest in this technical subject. The Art of EKG Interpretation is designed as a curriculum supplement. This comprehensive text is organized in a self-instructional format, progressing from basic to more advanced content. This book can be faculty taught or utilized as a self-directed learning guide.

LEADing into Section 1

(3)

The Standard Limb Leads

(2)

The Augmented Leads

(1)

The Precordial Leads

(2)

Bedside Monitoring

(6)

The Conduction System and Related Matters

(30)

The Conduction System

(1)

The P Wave and P-R Interval

(2)

The QRS Complex

(3)

The ST Segment, the T Wave and U wave . . . (followed by a word about the QT interval and QRS interval and QRS-ST segment)

(2)

Paper Time

(2)

Measuring P, P-R, and QRS Intervals

(3)

Calculating Heart Rate

(5)

Sinus Rhythm

(1)

Interpreting Dysrhythmias

(10)

Sinus and Atrial Dysrhythmias

(63)

Steps for Interpreting Dysrhythmias

(1)

Sinus Arrhythmia

(3)

Sinus Bradycardia

(3)

Sinus Tachycardia

(2)

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (W.A.P.)

(1)

Premature Atrial Contractions

(5)

Atrial Tachycardia and Re-entry Mechanisms

(12)

Atrial Flutter

(4)

Atrial Fibrillation

(3)

Atrial Flutter-Fibrillation (``flutter-fib'')

(1)

Sick Sinus Syndrome (Brady-Tachy Syndrome)

(1)

Bypass Re-Entry Mechanisms (Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome) Advanced Study

(22)

Junctional Escape Rhythm

(8)

Premature Junctional Beats

(2)

Junctional Tachycardia

100

(8)

Premature Ventricular Contractions

108

(33)

P Wave Buried in QRS Complex

109

(1)

Retrograde P Wave

109

(3)

R on T Phenomenon

112

(1)

Multiformed or Multifocal P.V.C.s

112

(2)

Interpolated P.V.C.s

114

(2)

Fusion (Dressler) Beats

116

(3)

Ventricular Tachycardia

119

(7)

Ventricular Re-Entry Mechanisms (Advanced Study)

124

(2)

Torsades de Pointes (TdP) (Advanced Study)

126

(2)

Ventricular Flutter

127

(1)

Ventricular Fibrillation

128

(2)

Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)

130

(1)

Ventricular Escape Beats and Rhythms

131

(10)

Atrial Kick

133

(8)

Conduction Disturbances and Heart Block

141

(36)

Sinus Arrest (Sinus Pause) and Sinus Block

142

(2)

Atrial Tachycardia with Block

144

(1)

Early Studies and Relevant History

145

(5)

First Degree AV Block

147

(3)

Second Degree AV Block

150

(7)

Mobitz Type I---Wenckebach

150

(2)

Mobitz Type II

152

(2)

AV Conduction

154

(3)

Complete Heart Block (CHB)

157

(5)

Bundle Branch Block

162

(15)

Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB)

163

(2)

Rate Dependent Bundle Branch Block

165

(1)

Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB)

165

(12)

Artifact . . . To Be, or Not To Be . . . by Delores D. Schultz

177

(32)

Introduction to Artifact

178

(2)

Sixty-Cycle Interference

180

(2)

Motion Artifact

182

(7)

Artifact Produced by Electrical Devices

189

(1)

``Off the Monitor''

190

(3)

Concerns Associated with Artifact

193

(16)

Refractory and Vulnerable Phases of the Cardiac Cycle

200

(1)

Synchronized Cardioversion

201

(1)

Defibrillation (nonsynchronized shock)

201

(2)

Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) functioning

203

(6)

Pacemaker Basics

209

(18)

Pacemaker Fundamentals

210

(6)

Types of Pacemakers

210

(1)

Temporary Pacemakers

210

(1)

Transcutaneous Pacing

211

(1)

Epicardial Pacing

211

(1)

Permanent Pacemakers

211

(2)

Anatomy of a Pacemaker

213

(1)

Indications for Pacing: Short-Term and Long-Term

213

(1)

Recognizing Pacemaker Rhythms

213

(1)

A Demand Ventricular Pacemaker

214

(1)

Dual Lead AV Sequential Pacing

214

(2)

Determining Pacemaker Rate

216

(1)

More about Capture

217

(2)

Failure to Sense

219

(1)

The Pacemaker Rhythm

220

(7)

NASPE Programming Sequences

220

(1)

Pacer Interrogation

221

(6)

Advanced Pacemaker Features and Interventions by Victoria A. Paparelli (The Not so Basics of Pacemaker Function!)

227

(34)

Rate Responsive or Rate Modulated Pacing

229

(7)

NBG Pacemaker Code

230

(1)

Sensors

231

(2)

Markers

233

(1)

Atrial and Ventricular Electrograms

234

(2)

Hysteresis Mode-Switch and Auto Capture

236

(4)

Hysteresis

236

(1)

Lag Behind Function

236

(1)

Mode Switch or Atrial Tachycardia Response (ATR)

237

(1)

Auto Capture

238

(2)

Atrial Arrhythmia Suppression/Atrial Rate Stabilization (AKA Atrial Overdrive Pacing for Atrial Dysrhythmias)

240

(2)

Atrial Fibrillation

240

(1)

Atrial Flutter

240

(1)

Rapid Atrial Pacing

241

(1)

Overdrive Suppression

241

(1)

Pacemaker Mediated Tachycardia (PMT)

242

(3)

Re-entry Circuits

242

(1)

Lack of Atrial Capture

243

(2)

Implantable Devices for Overdrive Pacing and Defibrillation

245

(10)

AICD, PCD, ICD

245

(1)

NBG and NBD Pacemaker Codes

245

(1)

Comparison of Older/Newer Pacing Devices

246

(1)

Anti-Tachycardia (Overdrive) Pacing

247

(1)

Implantable Defibrillators (ICDS)

247

(1)

Counters

248

(6)

Supraventricular Discriminator Options

254

(1)

Bi-Ventricular Pacing

255

(6)

Coronary Sinus Lead

255

(1)

LBBB Patterns

256

(1)

Re-synchronization Therapy

257

(4)

Electrolyte Changes

261

(16)

Ions, Electrolytes, and Potassium

262

(6)

Anions and cations

262

(1)

Serum Potassium

263

(1)

Hypokalemia

263

(1)

QT Interval Measurement

263

(2)

Dysrhythmias Associated with Hypokalemia

265

(1)

Hyperkalemia

266

(1)

Dysrhythmias Associated with Hyperkalemia

267

(1)

Serum Calcium

268

(4)

Hypocalcemia

269

(1)

Hypercalcemia

269

(3)

Magnesium

272

(5)

Calculating a QTc interval

272

(5)

The Identification of Ischemia, Injury, and Infarct

277

(44)

A Brief Introduction

278

(1)

The Classification Scheme for Myocardial Insult

279

(1)

The Standard 12 Lead Electrocardiogram

280

(1)

Orientation of Leads to the Left Ventricular Surfaces

281

(1)

Myocardial Blood Supply

282

(1)

Myocardial Ischemia

283

(5)

Myocardial Injury and Infarction

288

(24)

Muscle Layers of the Heart

288

(1)

Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction or ACS

289

(1)

Injury (ST Segment Elevation)

289

(1)

Reciprocal ST Depression

290

(1)

The Pathologic Q Wave

291

(1)

Loss of R Wave

291

(1)

Normal and Altered Depolarization of the Ventricles

291

(8)

Infarct Resolution

299

(1)

Lateral Wall Myocardial Infarction

300

(1)

Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

300

(1)

Anteroseptal Wall Myocardial Infarction

300

(1)

Low Lateral Wall (Apical) Myocardial Infarction

300

(4)

Ventricular Dysrhythmias

304

(8)

Posterior Wall Myocardial Infarction

312

(1)

Serum Markers

313

(8)

Ck-Mb (Creatine Kinase-Myocardial Band)

313

(1)

Myoglobin

313

(1)

Cardiac Troponins (T and I)

313

(5)

Summary of Coronary Artery Compromise

318

(3)

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes

321

(12)

Stephanie L. Woods

Coronary Artery Disease and Progression to Acute Coronary Syndrome

322

(1)

Non-Emergent Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease

322

(4)

Minimally Invasive Diagnostic Tests

323

(1)

Invasive Diagnostic Tests

323

(1)

Elective Treatment Options

324

(1)

Medical Management Options

324

(1)

Interventional Options

324

(1)

Surgical Options

324

(1)

Algorithm for Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Emergent CAD

325

(1)

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

326

(7)

Ask-Assess-Treat

326

(1)

Classifying Patients According To 12-Lead EKG Evidence

327

(1)

Treatment Plans

328

(1)

Algorithm for Diagnosis and Treatment of ACS

329

(4)

The Fundamentals of Hemodynamic Monitoring

333

(32)

Stephanie L. Woods

Hemodynamic Monitoring and Cardiac Output

334

(9)

Non-Invasive and Invasive Hemodynamic Parameters

334

(1)

Blood Flow through the Heart

334

(1)

Diastole and Systole

335

(2)

The Effects of Pressure, Vessel Characteristics, Viscosity, Resistance and Volume

337

(2)

Preload, Contractility, Afterload and Heart Rate (The Components of Cardiac Output)

339

(1)

Starling's Law

339

(2)

Measuring Left Heart Pressures

341

(2)

The Pulmonary Artery Catheter (Swan-Ganz)

343

(1)

Cardiac Output

344

(1)

Pressures and Wave Forms

344

(21)

Right Atrial (RA) Pressure Waveform

346

(2)

Right Ventricular (RV) Pressure Waveform

348

(3)

Pulmonary Artery (PA) Pressure Waveform

351

(2)

Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP) vs. Left Atrial Pressure

353

(2)

Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP) vs. Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure (LVEDP)

355

(1)

Non-Invasive Indicators for Assessing Cardiac Output

356

(9)

Antiarrhythmic Thrombolytic and Platelet Inhibitor Agents

365

(26)

Mike Lucey

Pharmacologic Processes and Therapeutic Ranges

366

(4)

The Body's Four Processes for Drug Handling

366

(1)

Absorption

367

(1)

Distribution

367

(1)

Metabolism

368

(1)

Excretion

368

(1)

Serum Drug Concentrations and the ``Therapeutic Range''

369

(1)

Control of Heart Rate by Autonomic Nerves

370

(1)

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Actions at Receptor Sites

371

(1)

The Classification of Antiarrhythmic Drugs

372

(7)

Class I Drugs

373

(1)

Class II Drugs: Beta-Blockers

374

(1)

Class III Drugs

375

(1)

Class IV Drugs (Calcium Channel Blocker)

375

(1)

Important Antiarrhythmics without ``Class''

376

(1)

Digoxin

376

(2)

Magnesium

378

(1)

Treatment of Specific Rhythm Disorders

379

(2)

Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter

379

(1)

Ventricular Ectopy: PVCs

379

(1)

Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia

380

(1)

Ventricular Fibrillation and Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia

381

(1)

Platelet Inhibitor and Thrombolytic Drug Treatment for Acute Myocardial Infarction

381

(4)

Reperfusion Arrhythmias

382

(1)

Mechanism of Action---Thrombolytic Agents

382

(1)

Mechanism of Action---GPIIB/IIIA Inhibitors

383

(2)

The Use of Drug-Eluting Stents in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

385

(6)

Kidstuff

391

(48)

Jane D. Werth

General Rules and Concepts

393

(5)

Heart Rate Norms

394

(1)

The P Wave

394

(1)

The P-R Interval

395

(1)

QRS Duration

396

(1)

QT Interval

396

(1)

The ST Segment

396

(1)

The T Wave

397

(1)

Sinus Anomalies

398

(6)

Sinus Arrhythmia

399

(1)

Sinus Bradycardia

400

(1)

Sinus Tachycardia

401

(1)

Sinus Arrest

402

(1)

Sick Sinus Syndrome

403

(1)

Atrial Dysrhythmias

404

(8)

Premature Atrial Contractions (P.A.C.)

404

(1)

Atrial Tachycardia

405

(2)

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (P.S.V.T.)

407

(1)

Atrial Flutter

408

(1)

Atrial Fibrillation

409

(1)

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (W.A.P.)

410

(2)

Junctional Dysrhythmias and Rhythms

412

(3)

Junctional Escape Rhythm

412

(1)

Junctional Escape Beats

413

(1)

Premature Junctional Contractions (P.J.C.s)

413

(1)

Junctional Tachycardia

414

(1)

Ventricular Dysrhythmias

415

(5)

Premature Ventricular Contractions (P.V.C.s)

415

(2)

Ventricular Tachycardia

417

(1)

Ventricular Flutter

418

(1)

Ventricular Fibrillation

418

(2)

Complex Dysrhythmias

420

(1)

Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)

420

(1)

Inherited Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)

420

(1)

Conduction Disturbances

421

(7)

First Degree Heart Block

422

(1)

Second Degree Heart Block

422

(1)

Mobitz Type I Second Degree Heart Block

422

(1)

AV Conduction

423

(1)

Mobitz Type II Second Degree Heart Block

424

(1)

Third Degree Heart Block (AKA Complete Heart Block)

424

(2)

Bundle Branch Block

426

(1)

Right Bundle Branch Block

426

(1)

Left Bundle Branch Block

427

(1)

Drug and Electrolyte Induced Dysrhythmias

428

(4)

Hypokalemia

429

(1)

Hyperkalemia

429

(1)

Digitalis Toxicity

430

(2)

Kids' Artifact

432

(7)

Test Your Skill

439

(20)

The Final Analysis: Advanced Arrhythmia Interpretation Practice

459

(68)

Index

527

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

9780757516436

0757516432

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

The Art Of Ekg Interpretation

9780757516436

0757516432

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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