Reading Rhetorically

Offering concise yet thorough treatment of academic reading and writing,Reading Rhetorically, 3 rd ed.,shows the reader how to analyze texts by recognizing rhetorical strategies and genre conventions, and how to incorporate other writersrs" texts into their own research-based papers.

Preface

 

1          Reading to Write: Strategies for College Writing

What Do We Mean by “Reading Rhetorically”

The Demands and Pleasures of Academic Reading

Reading and Writing as Conversation

    For Writing and Discussion

Reading and Writing as Acts of Composing

Reading Rhetorically as a Strategy for Academic Writing

    The Purposes of the Author Whose Text You Are Reading

    Your Own Purposes as a Reader/Writer Who Will Use a Text

    An Illustrated Example: Researching the Promise of Biofuels

    Questions Rhetorical Readers Ask

Typical Reading-Based Writing Assignments Across

the Curriculum 15

    Writing to Understand Course Content More Fully

        In-Class Freewriting

        Reading or Learning Logs

        Double-Entry Notebooks

        One-Page Response Papers or Thought Pieces

    Writing to Report Your Understanding of What a Text Says

    Writing to Practice the Conventions of a Particular Type of Text

    Writing to Make Claims about a Text

    Writing to Extend the Conversation

Chapter Summary

 

2          Analyzing Your Reading and Writing Context

Analyzing a Text’s Original Rhetorical Context

    Analyzing an Author’s Purpose

    For Writing and Discussion

    Identifying an Author’s Intended Audience

    Analyzing a Text’s Genre

    For Writing and Discussion

    Reconstructing Rhetorical Context:

    An Extended Example

Analyzing Your Own Rhetorical Context as Reader/Writer

    Determining Your Purpose, Audience, and Genre

    Matching Your Reading Strategies to Your Purpose as Reader/Writer

How Expert Readers Use Rhetorical Knowledge to Read Efficiently

    Using Genre Knowledge to Read Efficiently

    Using a Text’s Social/Historical Context to Make Predictions and Ask Questions

    For Writing and Discussion

Chapter Summary

    Sarah Kliff, Seven Secrets to a Great Nap

 

3          Listening to a Text

Writing As You Read

Preparing to Read

    Recalling Background Knowledge

    Using Visual Elements to Plan and Predict

    For Writing and Discussion

    Spot Reading

Listening As You Read Initially

    Noting Organizational Signals

    Marking Unfamiliar Terms and References

    Identifying Points of Difficulty

    Annotating

Connecting the Visual to the Verbal

    Visuals That Enhance Verbal Content

    Visuals That Support Verbal Content

    Visuals That Extend Verbal Content

    For Writing and Discussion

Listening As You Reread

    Mapping the Idea Structure

    Describing What Texts Say and Do

    For Writing and Discussion

    Describing What Visuals Do

Writing About How Texts Work: Guidelines and Two Examples

    How Summaries Are Used in Academic and Workplace Settings

    Guidelines for Writing a Summary

    Using Attribute Tags in Summaries

        Example Summary of “Seven Secrets to a Great Nap”

    Guidelines for Writing a Rhetorical Précis

        Example Précis of “Seven Secrets to a Great Nap”

Chapter Summary

    Anthony Weston, The Need for Environmental Ethics

 

4          Questioning a Text

What It Means to Question a Text

Examining a Writer’s Credibility and Appeals to Ethos

    For Writing and Discussion

Examining a Writer’s Appeals to Reason or Logos

    Claims

    Reasons

    Evidence

    Assumptions

    For Writing and Discussion

Examining a Writer’s Strategies for Engaging Readers, or Pathos

    For Writing and Discussion

Examining a Writer’s Language

    For Writing and Discussion

Examining a Text’s Ideology

    For Writing and Discussion

Examining a Text’s Use of Visual Elements

    Visual Elements and Ethical Appeals

    Visual Elements and Logical Appeals

    Visual Elements and Audience Appeals

    Visual Arguments

    For Writing and Discussion

Exploring Your Responses to a Text

    Before/After Reflections

    The Believing and Doubting Game

    Interviewing the Author

Writing a Rhetorical Analysis Paper: Guidelines and an Example

    Guidelines for Writing a Rhetorical Analysis

        Getting Started

        Selecting a Focus for Your Analysis

        Drafting Your Paper

    An Annotated Rhetorical Analysis of “A Life-Saving Checklist”

Chapter Summary

    Atul Gawande, “A Lifesaving Checklist”

 

5          Using Rhetorical Reading to Conduct Research

Managing Your Research Process

Formulating and Analyzing Questions

    Applying Information Literacy Skills to Guide Your Research

    Translating Purpose into a Focused Research Question

    Analyzing Your Research Question to Plan a Strategy

Tips for Planning Your Search for Good Sources

    Publication Contexts

    Library Databases and Web Search Engines

    General Interest and Specialized Periodicals

    Scholarly Journals

Evaluating Potential Sources

    Questions to Ask About Relevance

    Questions to Ask About Currency and Scope

    Questions to Ask About Authors and Experts

    Questions to Ask About Publishers and Sponsors

Chapter Summary

 

6          Making Knowledge: Incorporating Reading into Writing

Asserting Your Authority as a Reader and Writer

Managing Your Writing Process

    Strategies for Getting Started

    Strategies for Generating Ideas

    Strategies for Writing a First Draft

    Strategies for Evaluating Your Draft for Revision

    Strategies for Peer Response and Revision

    Strategies for Editing and Polishing Your Final Draft

Integrating Material from Readings into Your Writing

    Using Summary

    Using Paraphrase

Dialogue from the Online Transcript of a Newshour Video

    Using Direct Quotation

    For Writing and Discussion

Avoiding Plagiarism

Using Attributive Tags

Using Parenthetical Citations

    Understanding Academic Citation Conventions

Chapter Summary

 

Building an MLA Citation

Formatting MLA In-Text Citations

    Placement of MLA In-Text Citations

    Variations on the Basic MLA In-Text Citation Format

Setting Up an MLA Works Cited List

    The Basics of Setting Up Your List

    Process Advice

Model MLA Citation Formats

    Books

    Articles in Periodicals

    Internet Sources

    MLA Citation Formats for Other Materials and Media

 

Credits

Index