Cervone's 12th edition of Personality: Theory and Research, 12th Edition expands on previous editions on the study of personality and neuroscience. It draws on research on the "biological foundations" of personality and trait-based research including investigations of neural mechanisms in defensive information processing as well as brain systems critical to self-concept. The text introduces questions of personality-and-brain along with biological foundations. It explores each of various theoretical issues (stemming from psychodynamic; trait, and phenomenological and cognitive theories) at a new level of investigation, that of brain research to provide a more up-to-date look at the field.