Brian Fagan has written several best-selling textbooks and has published several scholarly monographs on African archaeology and numerous specialized articles in national and international journals. An expert on multimedia teaching, he has received the Society for American Archaeology’s first Public Education Award for his tireless efforts on behalf of archaeology and education

Brian Fagan’s other interests include bicycling, sailing, kayaking, and good food. He is married and lives in Santa Barbara with his wife and daughter, three cats (who supervise his writing), and last but not least, a minimum of seven rabbits.

Nadia Durrani is an archaeologist and writer. For much of the past decade she was the editor of Britain’s best-selling archaeology magazine, Current World Archaeology, becoming an independent editor after the arrival of her son in 2010. She has authored and edited many hundreds of articles on archaeology from every corner of the globe, contributed to dozens of books, and written two.

Throughout her career she has travelled widely --from Peru to Pakistan--to report on the latest archaeological discoveries; worked as a specialist lecturer on archaeological tours to countries including Yemen and Jordan; and contributed to a range of television documentaries.

Her specialist area is Arabian archaeology and, following a degree in archaeology and anthropology from Cambridge University, she took a PhD in South West Arabian archaeology from University College, London (2001). Other research interests include the archaeology of the First World War and she is a founding member of the Great War Archaeology Group. A fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, she lives in London with her husband, Matthew, and son Jacob ‘Caractacus’ Hillier.

1)    Brief Table of Contents

2)    Detailed Table of Contents

BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introducing World Prehistory

PART I. BEGINNINGS - 7 Million to 200,000 Years Ago

2. Human Origins: 7 Million to 1.9 Million Years Ago

3. Archaic Humans: Homo ergaster, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens: 1.9 Million to 150,000 Years Ago

PART II. THE GREAT DIASPORA: THE ORIGINS AND SPREAD OF MODERN HUMANS: c. 200,000 Years Ago to Modern Times

4. Origins and the Diaspora Begins c. 200,000 Years Ago and Later

5. Europe and Eurasia: c. 48,000 Years Ago to 8000 B.C.

6. The First Americans: Around 14000 B.C. to Modern Times

7. After the Ice: Before 10000 B.C. to Modern Times

PART III. FIRST FARMERS: c. 10000 B.C. to Modern Times

8. Agriculture and Animal Domestication

9. The Origins of Food Production in Southwest Asia

10. The First European Farmers

11. First Farmers in Egypt and Tropical Africa

12. Asia and the Pacific: Rice, Roots, and Ocean Voyages

13. The Story of Maize: Early Farmers in the Americas

PART IV. OLD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS: c. 3000 B.C. to Modern Times

14. The Development of Civilization

15. Early Civilizations in Southwest Asia

16. Egypt, Nubia, and Tropical Africa

17. Early States in South and Southeast Asia

18. Early Chinese Civilization

19. Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans

20. Europe Before the Romans

PART V. NATIVE AMERICAN CIVILIZATIONS: Before 2000 B.C. to A.D. 1534

21. Mesoamerican Civilizations

22. Andean Civilizations

DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introducing World Prehistory

Archaeology and Prehistory

The Beginnings of World Prehistory

Who Needs the Past?

Studying Culture and Culture Change

Primary Cultural Processes

Theoretical Approaches: Culture as Adaptation

Theoretical Approaches: Evolutionary Ecology and Hunter-Gatherers

Theoretical Approaches: People as Agents of Change

PART I. BEGINNINGS - 7 Million to 200,000 Years Ago

2. Human Origins: 7 Million to 1.9 Million Years Ago

The Great Ice Age

The Origins of the Human Line

Molecular Biology and Human Evolution

The Ecological Problems Faced by Early Hominins

Fossil Evidence: 7 to 4 mya

The First Australopithecines: c. 4 to 3 mya

Fossil Evidence: 3 to 2.5 mya

Early Homo: 2.5 to 2.0 mya

Who Was the First Human?

Archaeological Evidence for Early Human Behavior

Plant Foraging and “Grandmothering”

Toolmaking

The Mind of the Earliest Humans

The Development of Language

Social Organization

3. Archaic Humans: Homo ergaster, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens: 1.9 Million to 150,000 Years Ago

Pleistocene Background

Homo ergaster in Africa

The Radiation of Homo ergaster

Out of Africa: Homo erectus in Asia

Moving to the North: The Settlement of Temperate Latitudes

Archaic Human Technology

Evidence for Behavior: Boxgrove, Schöningen, and Torralba 

Language

The Neanderthals

A More Complex Technology 

The Origins of Burial and Religious Belief

Neanderthal Speech? 

The Denisovans

PART II. THE GREAT DIASPORA: THE ORIGINS AND SPREAD OF MODERN HUMANS: c. 200,000 Years Ago to Modern Times

4. Origins and the Diaspora Begins c. 200,000 Years Ago and Later

Origins

Out of Africa

When did Modern Cognitive Skills appear?

First AMH Settlement in East and Southeast Asia

New Guinea and Adjacent Islands

Australia

African Hunter-Gatherers

5. Europe and Eurasia: c. 48,000 Years Ago to 8000 B.C.

Unsuccessful Colonization

Successful Colonization

The Upper Pleistocene (c. 126,000 Years Ago to 8000 B.C.)

Aurignacians and Their Successors (39,000 years ago to 8000 B.C.)

Settling Eurasia (39,000to 15,000Years Ago)

Siberia (33,000to 13,000Years Ago)

Bifaces, Microblades, and the First Americans

6. The First Americans: Around 14000 B.C. to Modern Times

The First Settlement of the Americas

Ice Sheets and the Bering Land Bridge

The First Settlement of Alaska

Biological and Linguistic Evidence for the First Americans

Settlement Routes: Ice-Free Corridors and Seacoasts

The Paleo-Indians: Clovis and Others

Big-Game Extinctions

Later Hunters and Gatherers

Plains Hunters

The Desert West

Eastern North America

Specialized Foraging Societies in Central and South America

Aleuts and Inuit (Eskimo)

7. After the Ice: Before 10000 B.C. to Modern Times

The Holocene (After 10000 B.C.) 

Coping with Environmental Variation

Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherers in Europe

Mesolithic Complexity in Scandinavia

Hunter-Gatherer Complexity

Hunter-Gatherer Societies in Southwest Asia

PART III. FIRST FARMERS: c. 10000 B.C. to Modern Times

8. Agriculture and Animal Domestication

Theories About the Origins of Food Production

Differing Dates for Food Production

Studying Early Food Production

Why Did Food Production Take Hold So Late?

Consequences of Food Production

Nutrition and Early Food Production

Herding: Domestication of Animals

Plant Cultivation

Technology and Domestication

9. The Origins of Food Production in Southwest Asia

Climate Change and Adaptation

The First Farmers

The Zagros and Mesopotamia

Early Farmers in Anatolia

Two Stages of Farming Development

10. The First European Farmers

Mesolithic Prelude

The Transition to Farming in Europe

Farming in Greece and Southern Europe

The Spread of Agriculture into Temperate Europe

Frontiers and Transitions

Social Changes, Lineages, and the Individual

The Introduction of the Plow

Plains Farmers: Tripolye

Mediterranean and Western Europe

The Megaliths

11. First Farmers in Egypt and Tropical Africa

Hunter-Gatherers on the Nile

Agricultural Origins Along the Nile

Saharan Pastoralists

Early Food Production in Sub-Saharan Africa

12. Asia and the Pacific: Rice, Roots, and Ocean Voyages

The Origins of Rice Cultivation

Early Farming in China

Jomon and Early Agriculture in Japan

Early Agriculture in Southeast Asia 

Rice and Root Cultivation in Island Southeast Asia 

Agriculture in the Pacific Islands

The Lapita Cultural Complex and the Settlement of Melanesia and Western Polynesia

Long-Distance Voyaging in the Pacific

13. The Story of Maize: Early Farmers in the Americas

The First Plant Domestication

Early Food Production in the Andes

Early Farmers in Southwestern North America 

Preagricultural and Agricultural Societies in Eastern North America

Moundbuilder Cultures

Human Settlement in the Caribbean

PART IV. OLD WORLD CIVILIZATIONS: c. 3000 B.C. to Modern Times

14. The Development of Civilization

Civilization

Cities

Six Classic Theories of the Emergence of States

Social Theories

Imploding Civilizations

15. Early Civilizations in Southwest Asia

Upland Villages

Settlement of the Lowlands

Uruk: The Mesopotamian City

Sumerian Civilization

Exchange on the Iranian Plateau

The Widening of Political Authority

The Akkadians

Babylon 

The Assyrians 

16. Egypt, Nubia, and Tropical Africa

The Origins of the Egyptian State

Archaic Egypt and the Creation of the Great Culture (2920 to 2575 B.C.)

The Old Kingdom and the Pyramids (c. 2575 to 2180 B.C.)

The Egyptian State 

The First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom (2180 to 1640 B.C.)

The Second Intermediate Period (1640 to 1530 B.C.)

The New Kingdom (1530 to 1070 B.C.)

The Late Period (1070 to 332 B.C.)

Egypt and Africa

Nubia: The Land of Kush

Meroe and Aksum

North Africa 

Jenne-jeno and the Rise of West African States

Farmers and Traders in Eastern and Southern Africa

Europe and Africa

17. Early States in South and Southeast Asia

The Roots of South Asian Civilization

Highlands and Lowlands: The Kulli Complex

A Rapid Transition

Mature Harappan Civilization

South Asia After the Harappans

Southeast Asian States 

The Angkor State (A.D. 802 to 1430)

18. Early Chinese Civilization

The Origins of Chinese Civilization

Erlitou: Xia and Shang

The Warlords

19. Hittites, Minoans, and Mycenaeans

Early Towns in Anatolia

Balance of Power: The Hittites

The Sea Peoples and the Rise of Israel

The Phoenicians

The Aegean and Greece 

The Minoans

The Mycenaeans

Greek City-States After Mycenae

The Etruscans and the Romans

20. Europe Before the Romans

Early Copper Working

Battle Axes and Beakers

The European Bronze Age 

Bronze Age Warriors

The Scythians and Other Steppe Peoples

The First Ironworking

The Hallstatt Culture

La Tène Culture

PART V. NATIVE AMERICAN CIVILIZATIONS: Before 2000 B.C. to A.D. 1534

21. Mesoamerican Civilizations

Village Farming

Preclassic Peoples in Mesoamerica

The Rise of Complex Society in Oaxaca

Monte Albán

Teotihuacán 

Maya Civilization

The Ninth-Century Collapse 

The Toltecs

Aztec Civilization and the Spanish Conquest

22. Andean Civilizations

The Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization

Coastal Foundations: The Initial Period 

Chavín de Huántar

Paracas: Textiles and Coastal Prehistory

Complex Society in the Southern Highlands: Chiripa and Pukara

The Early Intermediate Period

The Moche State

The Middle Horizon: Tiwanaku and Wari

The Late Intermediate Period: Sicán and Chimor

The Late Horizon: The Inca State

Amazonia

The Spanish Conquest (1532 to 1534)  

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