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Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

by: Greenspan, Adam

Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

by: Greenspan, Adam

ISBN 13:
9780781715898
ISBN 10:
078171589X
Edition: 3rd
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 01/01/2000
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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Summary

Univ. of California, Davis at Sacramento. Clinical text for imaging residents and clinicians. Demonstrates the availability of various radiologic imaging modalities for evaluation or a particular condition. Includes tables, abundant images, and figure legends. Previous edition: c1992. Trim size: 12.5 x 10 inches. DNLM: Bone and Bones--radiography.

Foreword

xiii

Preface to the First Edition

Preface

xvii

Acknowledgments

xix

Part I: Introduction to Orthopedic Radiology

The Role of the Orthopedic Radiologist

(14)

Suggested Readings

(1)

Imaging Techniques in Orthopedics

(20)

Choice of Imaging Modality

(1)

Imaging Techniques

(17)

Conventional Radiography

(1)

Magnification Radiography

(1)

Stress Views

(1)

Scanogram

(1)

Fluoroscopy and Video Taping

(1)

Digital Radiography

(1)

Tomography

(1)

Computed Tomography

(4)

Arthrography

(1)

Tenography and Bursography

(1)

Angiography

(1)

Myelography

(1)

Diskography

(1)

Ultrasound

(1)

Scintigraphy (Radionuclide Bone Scan)

(3)

Diphosphonates

(1)

Gallium-67

(1)

Indium

(1)

Nanocolloid

(1)

Immunoglobulins

(1)

Chemotactic Peptides

(1)

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

(1)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

(4)

Suggested Readings

(3)

Bone Formation and Growth

(8)

Suggested Readings

(4)

Part II: Trauma

Radiologic Evaluation of Trauma

(44)

Radiologic Imaging Modalities

(6)

Fractures and Dislocations

(29)

Diagnosis

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation of Fractures

(4)

Indirect Signs as Diagnostic Clues

(6)

Radiographic Evaluation of Dislocations

(1)

Monitoring the Results of Treatment

(1)

Fracture Healing and Complications

(5)

Other Complications of Fractures and Dislocations

(12)

Stress Fractures

(3)

Injury to Soft Tissues

(2)

Practical Points to Remember

(1)

Suggested Readings

(3)

Upper Limb I: Shoulder Girdle and Elbow

(62)

Shoulder Girdle

(33)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

(16)

Injury to the Shoulder Girdle

105

(1)

Fractures About the Shoulder

105

(6)

Dislocations in the Glenohumeral Joint

111

(3)

Impingement Syndrome

114

(1)

Rotator Cuff Tear

115

(4)

Injury to the Cartilaginous Labrum

119

(1)

Miscellaneous Abnormalities

119

(3)

Elbow

122

(23)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

122

(8)

Injury to the Elbow

130

(1)

Fractures About the Elbow

130

(10)

Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum

140

(2)

Dislocations in the Elbow Joint

142

(3)

Practical Points to Remember

145

(2)

Suggested Readings

147

(4)

Upper Limb II: Distal Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

151

(46)

Distal Forearm

151

(12)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

151

(5)

Injury to the Distal Forearm

156

(1)

Fractures of the Distal Radius

156

(6)

Injury to the Soft Tissue at the Distal Radioulnar Articulation

162

(1)

Wrist and Hand

163

(28)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

163

(8)

Injury to the Wrist

171

(1)

Fractures of the Carpal Bones

171

(5)

Kienbock Disease

176

(4)

Dislocations of the Carpal Bones

180

(5)

Carpal Instability

185

(3)

Injury to the Hand

188

(1)

Fractures of the Metacarpal Bones

188

(1)

Injury to the Soft Tissue of the Hand

189

(2)

Practical Points to Remember

191

(1)

Suggested Readings

192

(5)

Lower Limb I: Pelvic Girdle and Proximal Femur

197

(30)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

197

(8)

Injury to the Pelvis and Acetabulum

205

(1)

Classification of Pelvic Fractures

205

(2)

Fractures of the Pelvis

207

(1)

Avulsion Fractures

207

(1)

Malgaigne Fracture

207

(1)

Miscellaneous Pelvic Fractures

208

(1)

Fractures of the Acetabulum

209

(4)

Injury to the Proximal Femur

213

(1)

Fractures of the Proximal Femur

213

(2)

Intracapsular Fractures

215

(1)

Extracapsular Fractures

215

(6)

Dislocations in the Hip Joint

221

(2)

Practical Points to Remember

223

(1)

Suggested Readings

224

(3)

Lower Limb II: Knee

227

(50)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

227

(14)

Injury to the Knee

241

(1)

Fractures About the Knee

241

(1)

Fractures of the Distal Femur

241

(1)

Fractures of the Proximal Tibia

242

(6)

Segond Fracture

248

(1)

Fractures and Dislocations of the Patella

248

(1)

Sinding-Larsen-Johansson and Osgood-Schlatter Diseases

249

(2)

Injuries to the Cartilage of the Knee

251

(1)

Osteochondral Fracture

251

(2)

Osteochondritis Dissecans

253

(3)

Spontaneous Osteonecrosis

256

(2)

Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Knee

258

(1)

Knee Joint Effusion

258

(1)

Meniscal Injury

258

(6)

Tendon and Ligament Injuries

264

(1)

Tears of the Medial Collateral Ligament

264

(2)

Tears of the Cruciate Ligaments

266

(3)

Tears of the Quadriceps Tendon and Patellar Ligament

269

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

270

(1)

Suggested Readings

271

(6)

Lower Limb III: Ankle and Foot

277

(54)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

277

(3)

Imaging of the Ankle and Foot

280

(16)

Injury to the Ankle

296

(2)

Fractures About the Ankle Joint

298

(2)

Fracture of the Distal Tibia

300

(1)

Pilon (Pylon) Fracture

300

(2)

Tillaux Fracture

302

(1)

Triplanar (Marmor-Lynn) Fracture

303

(2)

Fractures of the Fibula

305

(1)

Pott Fracture

305

(2)

Dupuytren Fracture

307

(1)

Maisonneuve Fracture

307

(1)

Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Ankle Joint and Foot

307

(2)

Tear of the Medial Collateral Ligament

309

(1)

Tear of the Lateral Collateral Ligament

310

(2)

Tear of the Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

312

(1)

Tendon Ruptures

312

(3)

Injury to the Foot

315

(1)

Fractures of the Foot

315

(1)

Fractures of the Calcaneus

315

(5)

Fractures of the Talus

320

(2)

Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus

322

(1)

Jones Fracture

322

(2)

Dislocations in the Foot

324

(1)

Dislocations in the Subtalar Joint

324

(1)

Tarsometatarsal Dislocation

324

(1)

Complications

324

(2)

Practical Points to Remember

326

(1)

Suggested Readings

326

(5)

Spine

331

(66)

Cervical Spine

331

(32)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

331

(15)

Injury to the Cervical Spine

346

(1)

Fractures of the Occipital Condyles

347

(1)

Occipitocervical Dislocations

348

(1)

Fractures of the C-1 and C-2 Vertebrae

348

(8)

Fractures of the Mid and Lower Cervical Spine

356

(5)

Locked Facets

361

(2)

Thoracolumbar Spine

363

(28)

Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations

363

(8)

Injury to the Thoracolumbar Spine

371

(1)

Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Spine

371

(1)

Compression Fractures

372

(1)

Burst Fractures

372

(2)

Chance Fractures

374

(2)

Fracture--Dislocations

376

(3)

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

379

(4)

Injury to the Diskovertebral Junction

383

(1)

Anterior Disk Herniation

383

(1)

Intravertebral Disk Herniation

384

(2)

Posterior and Posterolateral Disk Herniation

386

(5)

Practical Points to Remember

391

(1)

Suggested Readings

392

(5)

Part III: Arthritides

Radiologic Evaluation of the Arthritides

397

(30)

Radiologic Imaging Modalities

397

(9)

Conventional Radiography

397

(5)

Magnification Radiography

402

(1)

Tomography, Computed Tomography, and Arthrography

402

(2)

Scintigraphy

404

(1)

Ultrasound

405

(1)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

405

(1)

The Arthritides

406

(18)

Diagnosis

406

(1)

Clinical Information

406

(1)

Radiographic Features

407

(13)

Management

420

(1)

Monitoring the Results of Treatment

420

(1)

Complications of Surgical Treatment

421

(3)

Practical Points to Remember

424

(1)

Suggested Readings

425

(2)

Degenerative Joint Disease

427

(26)

Osteoarthritis

427

(12)

Osteoarthritis of the Large Joints

428

(1)

Osteoarthritis of the Hip

429

(3)

Osteoarthritis of the Knee

432

(3)

Osteoarthritis of Other Large Joints

435

(1)

Osteoarthritis of the Small Joints

436

(1)

Primary Osteoarthritis of the Hand

436

(1)

Secondary Osteoarthritis of the Hand

436

(1)

Acromegaly

436

(2)

Hemochromatosis

438

(1)

Osteoarthritis of the Foot

439

(1)

Degenerative Diseases of the Spine

439

(9)

Osteoarthritis of the Synovial Joints

439

(3)

Degenerative Disk Disease

442

(1)

Spondylosis Deformans

442

(2)

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)

444

(1)

Complications of Degenerative Disease of the Spine

444

(1)

Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

444

(2)

Spinal Stenosis

446

(2)

Neuropathic Arthropathy

448

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

449

(1)

Suggested Readings

450

(3)

Inflammatory Arthritides

453

(26)

Erosive Osteoarthritis

453

(3)

Treatment

455

(1)

Rheumatoid Arthritis

456

(9)

Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis

456

(1)

Rheumatoid Factors

456

(1)

Radiographic Features

456

(1)

Large Joint Involvement

456

(1)

Small Joint Involvement

457

(3)

Involvement of the Spine

460

(1)

Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis

461

(2)

Rheumatoid Nodulosis

463

(1)

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

463

(1)

Still Disease

463

(1)

Polyarticular Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

463

(1)

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis with Pauciarticular Onset

464

(1)

Other Types of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

464

(1)

Radiographic Features

464

(1)

Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

465

(10)

Ankylosing Spondylitis

465

(1)

Clinical Features

465

(1)

Radiographic Features

466

(2)

Reiter Syndrome

468

(1)

Clinical Features

468

(1)

Radiographic Features

468

(1)

Psoriatic Arthritis

469

(1)

Clinical Features

469

(3)

Radiographic Features

472

(2)

Enteropathic Arthropathies

474

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

475

(1)

Suggested Readings

476

(3)

Miscellaneous Arthritides and Arthropathies

479

(26)

Connective Tissue Arthropathies

479

(7)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

479

(4)

Scleroderma

483

(1)

Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis

484

(1)

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease

484

(1)

Vasculitis

485

(1)

Metabolic and Endocrine Arthritides

486

(10)

Gout

486

(1)

Hyperuricemia

487

(1)

Examination of Synovial Fluid

487

(1)

Radiographic Features

487

(3)

CPPD Crystal Deposition Disease

490

(1)

Clinical Features

490

(1)

Radiographic Features

491

(1)

CHA Crystal Deposition Disease

492

(1)

Hemochromatosis

492

(2)

Alkaptonuria (Ochronosis)

494

(1)

Hyperparathyroidism

494

(1)

Acromegaly

495

(1)

Miscellaneous Conditions

496

(3)

Amyloidosis

496

(1)

Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis

496

(1)

Hemophilia

497

(1)

Jaccoud Arthritis

498

(1)

Arthritis Associated with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

498

(1)

Infectious Arthritis

498

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

499

(1)

Suggested Readings

500

(5)

Part IV: Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions

Radiologic Evaluation of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions

505

(42)

Classification of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions

505

(3)

Radiologic Imaging Modalities

508

(9)

Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of the Bone

517

(19)

Diagnosis

517

(1)

Clinical Information

517

(2)

Imaging Modalities

519

(1)

Radiographic Features of Bone Lesions

520

(12)

Management

532

(3)

Monitoring Treatment Results

535

(1)

Complications

536

(1)

Soft Tissue Tumors

536

(6)

Practical Points to Remember

542

(2)

Suggested Readings

544

(3)

Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions I: Bone-Forming Lesions

547

(24)

Benign Osteoblastic Lesions

547

(20)

Osteoma

547

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

547

(3)

Osteoid Osteoma

550

(7)

Differential Diagnosis

557

(1)

Complications

558

(3)

Treatment

561

(1)

Osteoblastoma

562

(3)

Differential Diagnosis

565

(1)

Treatment

566

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

567

(1)

Suggested Readings

568

(3)

Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions II: Lesions of Cartilaginous Origin

571

(28)

Benign Chondroblastic Lesions

571

(23)

Enchondroma (Chondroma)

571

(5)

Differential Diagnosis

576

(1)

Complications

576

(2)

Treatment

578

(1)

Enchondromatosis (Ollier Disease)

578

(2)

Complications

580

(1)

Osteochondroma

580

(3)

Complications

583

(1)

Treatment

584

(2)

Multiple Osteocartilaginous Exostoses

586

(2)

Complications

588

(1)

Treatment

588

(1)

Chondroblastoma

589

(2)

Treatment and Complications

591

(1)

Chondromyxoid Fibroma

591

(2)

Differential Diagnosis

593

(1)

Treatment

593

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

594

(1)

Suggested Readings

595

(4)

Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions III: Fibrous, Fibroosseous, and Fibrohistiocytic Lesions

599

(20)

Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying Fibroma

599

(2)

Complications and Treatment

601

(1)

Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma

601

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

602

(1)

Fibrous Dysplasia

602

(9)

Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia

602

(3)

Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia

605

(2)

Complications

607

(2)

Associated Disorders

609

(2)

Osteofibrous Dysplasia

611

(1)

Complications and Treatment

612

(1)

Desmoplastic Fibroma

612

(3)

Practical Points to Remember

615

(1)

Suggested Readings

616

(3)

Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions IV: Miscellaneous Lesions

619

(36)

Simple Bone Cyst

619

(4)

Complications and Differential Diagnosis

619

(1)

Treatment

619

(4)

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst

623

(8)

Complications and Differential Diagnosis

630

(1)

Treatment

630

(1)

Giant Cell Tumor

631

(5)

Differential Diagnosis

634

(1)

Treatment and Complications

634

(2)

Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma

636

(1)

Hemangioma

637

(5)

Differential Diagnosis

641

(1)

Treatment

642

(1)

Intraosseous Lipoma

642

(1)

Nonneoplastic Lesions Simulating Tumors

643

(6)

Intraosseous Ganglion

643

(1)

Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism

644

(1)

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Eosinophilic Granuloma)

645

(2)

Chester-Erdheim Disease (Lipogranulomatosis)

647

(1)

Medullary Bone Infarct

648

(1)

Myositis Ossificans

648

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

649

(1)

Suggested Readings

650

(5)

Malignant Bone Tumors I: Osteosarcomas and Chondrosarcomas

655

(32)

Osteosarcomas

655

(18)

Primary Osteosarcomas

655

(1)

Conventional Osteosarcoma

655

(7)

Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma

662

(1)

Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma

662

(1)

Small-Cell Osteosarcoma

663

(1)

Fibrohistiocytic Osteosarcoma

663

(2)

Intracortical Osteosarcoma

665

(1)

Gnathic Osteosarcoma

665

(1)

Multicentric Osteosarcoma

666

(1)

Juxtacortical Osteosarcomas

666

(1)

Parosteal Osteosarcoma

667

(2)

Dedifferentiated Parosteal Osteosarcoma

669

(1)

Periosteal Osteosarcoma

670

(2)

High-Grade Surface Osteosarcoma

672

(1)

Secondary Osteosarcomas

672

(1)

Chondrosarcomas

673

(7)

Primary Chondrosarcomas

673

(1)

Conventional Chondrosarcoma

673

(4)

Clear-Cell Chondrosarcoma

677

(1)

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma

678

(1)

Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma

679

(1)

Periosteal Chondrosarcoma

679

(1)

Secondary Chondrosarcomas

679

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

680

(1)

Suggested Readings

681

(6)

Malignant Bone Tumors II: Miscellaneous Tumors

687

(34)

Fibrosarcoma and Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

687

(3)

Differential Diagnosis

687

(3)

Complications and Treatment

690

(1)

Ewing Sarcoma

690

(5)

Differential Diagnosis

693

(1)

Treatment

693

(2)

Malignant Lymphoma

695

(2)

Differential Diagnosis

696

(1)

Treatment

697

(1)

Myeloma

697

(3)

Differential Diagnosis

699

(1)

Complications and Treatment

700

(1)

Adamantinoma

700

(1)

Treatment

701

(1)

Chordoma

701

(2)

Complications and Treatment

702

(1)

Benign Conditions with Malignant Potential

703

(4)

Medullary Bone Infarct

703

(1)

Chronic Draining Sinus Tract of Osteomyelitis

704

(1)

Plexiform Neurofibromatosis

705

(1)

Paget Disease

706

(1)

Radiation-Induced Sarcoma

706

(1)

Skeletal Metastases

707

(5)

Complications

711

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

712

(1)

Suggested Readings

713

(8)

Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of the Joints

721

(18)

Benign Lesions Synovial (Osteo) Chondromatosis

721

(8)

Differential Diagnosis

721

(1)

Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis

721

(4)

Treatment

725

(3)

Synovial Hemangioma

728

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

728

(1)

Malignant Tumors

729

(4)

Synovial Sarcoma

731

(1)

Synovial Chondrosarcoma

731

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

732

(1)

Malignant Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis

732

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

733

(1)

Suggested Readings

734

(5)

Part V: Infections

Radiologic Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Infections

739

(14)

Muscoloskeletal Infections

739

(2)

Osteomyelitis

739

(1)

Infectious Arthritis

740

(1)

Cellulitis

741

(1)

Infections of the Spine

741

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation of Infections

741

(5)

Monitoring the Treatment and Complications of Infections

746

(3)

Practical Points to Remember

749

(1)

Suggested Readings

750

(3)

Osteomyelitis, Infectious Arthritis, and Soft-tissue Infections

753

(22)

Osteomyelitis

753

(7)

Pyogenic Bone Infections

753

(1)

Acute and Chronic Osteomyelitis

753

(1)

Subacute Osteomyelitis

753

(1)

Brodie Abscess

753

(1)

Nonpyogenic Bone Infections

753

(1)

Tuberculous Infections

753

(3)

Fungal Infections

756

(2)

Syphilitic Infection

758

(1)

Differential Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis

759

(1)

Infectious Arthritis

760

(3)

Pyogenic Joint Infections

760

(1)

Complications

760

(1)

Nonpyogenic Joint Infections

760

(1)

Tuberculous Arthritis

760

(2)

Other Infectious Arthritides

762

(1)

Infections of the Spine

763

(6)

Pyogenic Infections

763

(3)

Nonpyogenic Infections

766

(1)

Tuberculosis of the Spine

766

(3)

Soft-Tissue Infections

769

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

770

(1)

Suggested Readings

771

(4)

Part VI: Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

Radiologic Evaluation of Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

775

(10)

Composition and Production of Bone

775

(1)

Evaluation of Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

775

(8)

Radiologic Imaging Modalities

775

(2)

Conventional and Magnification Radiography

777

(3)

Conventional and Computed Tomography

780

(2)

Scintigraphy

782

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

783

(1)

Suggested Readings

784

(1)

Osteoporosis, Rickets, and Osteomalacia

785

(12)

Osteoporosis

785

(4)

Generalized Osteoporosis

786

(3)

Localized Osteoporosis

789

(1)

Rickets and Osteomalacia

789

(5)

Rickets

790

(1)

Infantile Rickets

790

(1)

Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets

791

(1)

Osteomalacia

792

(2)

Renal Osteodystrophy

794

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

795

(1)

Suggested Readings

796

(1)

Hyperparathyroidism

797

(8)

Pathophysiology

797

(1)

Physiology of Calcium Metabolism

797

(2)

Radiographic Evaluation

799

(2)

Complications

801

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

802

(1)

Suggested Readings

803

(2)

Paget Disease

805

(18)

Pathophysiology

805

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation

805

(8)

Differential Diagnosis

813

(1)

Complications

813

(5)

Pathologic Fractures

813

(1)

Degenerative Joint Disease

814

(1)

Neurologic Complications

814

(2)

Neoplastic Complications

816

(2)

Orthopedic Management

818

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

819

(1)

Suggested Readings

820

(3)

Miscellaneous Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

823

(18)

Familial Idiopathic Hyperphosphatasia

823

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

823

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

823

(1)

Acromegaly

823

(5)

Radiographic Evaluation

823

(5)

Gaucher Disease

828

(2)

Classification

828

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation

828

(2)

Complications

830

(1)

Tumoral Calcinosis

830

(2)

Pathophysiolgy

830

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

830

(1)

Treatment

830

(2)

Hypothyroidism

832

(2)

Pathophysiology

832

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

833

(1)

Complications

834

(1)

Scurvy

834

(2)

Pathophysiology

834

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

834

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

835

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

836

(1)

Suggested Readings

837

(4)

Part VII: Congenital and Developmental Anomalies

Radiologic Evaluation of Skeletal Anomalies

841

(14)

Classification

841

(4)

Radiologic Imaging Modalities

845

(8)

Practical Points to Remember

853

(1)

Suggested Readings

854

(1)

Anomalies of the Upper and Lower Limbs

855

(36)

Anomalies of the Shoulder Girdle and Upper Limbs

855

(2)

Congenital Elevation of the Scapula

855

(2)

Madelung Deformity

857

(1)

Anomalies of the Pelvic Girdle and Hip

857

(18)

Congenital Hip Dislocation (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip)

858

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

858

(1)

Measurements

859

(1)

Arthrography and Computed Tomography

860

(2)

Ultrasound

862

(2)

Classification

864

(1)

Treatment

864

(3)

Complications

867

(1)

Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency

867

(1)

Classification and Radiographic Evaluation

867

(1)

Treatment

867

(1)

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

868

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

868

(1)

Classification

869

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

870

(1)

Treatment

870

(1)

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

870

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation

871

(2)

Treatment and Complications

873

(2)

Anomalies of the Lower Limbs

875

(3)

Congenital Tibia Vara

875

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis

876

(1)

Classification

877

(1)

Treatment

878

(1)

Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica

878

(1)

Radiographic Evaluation and Treatment

878

(1)

Talipes Equinovarus

878

(3)

Measurements and Radiographic Evaluation

879

(2)

Treatment

881

(1)

Congenital Vertical Talus

881

(2)

Radiographic Evaluation

881

(1)

Treatment

882

(1)

Tarsal Coalition

883

(3)

Calcaneonavicular Coalition

883

(1)

Talonavicular Coalition

884

(1)

Talocalcaneal Coalition

884

(2)

Practical Points to Remember

886

(2)

Suggested Readings

888

(3)

Scoliosis and Anomalies with General Affect on the Skeleton

891

(40)

Scoliosis

891

(10)

Idiopathic Scoliosis

891

(1)

Congenital Scoliosis

891

(1)

Miscellaneous Scolioses

891

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation

891

(5)

Measurements

896

(4)

Treatment

900

(1)

Anomalies with General Affect on the Skeleton

901

(30)

Neurofibromatosis

902

(2)

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

904

(1)

Classification

904

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation

905

(1)

Differential Diagnosis

905

(2)

Treatment

907

(1)

Achondroplasia

908

(2)

Mucopolysaccharidoses

910

(4)

Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Myositis Ossificans Progressiva)

914

(1)

Radiologic Evaluation

914

(1)

Histopathology

914

(1)

Sclerosing Dysplasias of Bone

914

(1)

Osteopetrosis

914

(2)

Pycnodysostosis (Pyknodysostosis)

916

(2)

Enostosis, Osteopoikilosis, and Osteopathia Striata

918

(2)

Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia

920

(1)

Melorheostosis

921

(3)

Other Mixed Sclerosing Dysplasias

924

(1)

Practical Points to Remember

925

(2)

Suggested Readings

927

(4)

Figure Credits

931

(2)

Subject Index

933

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Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

9780781715898

078171589X

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

Orthopedic Radiology : A Practical Approach

9780781715898

078171589X

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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