9780312590857

Media Essentialsis a new kind of introductory text. It's built to help students focus on the fundamentals, so that no matter how the media evolves, students can understand what's really going on. Brought to you by best-selling authors Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin, and Bettina Fabos, the book distills the essential information on media industries and major concepts, incorporates the authors' accessible critical approach, and gives students all the study tools they need to succeed in the course and to be savvy consumers. And all of this in a brief, attractive format -- for a very attractive price.

RICHARD CAMPBELL, director of the journalism program at Miami University, is the author of “60 Minutes” and the News: A Mythology for Middle America (1991) and coauthor of Cracked Coverage: Television News, the Anti-Cocaine Crusade and the Reagan Legacy (1994). Campbell has written for numerous publications including Columbia Journalism Review, Journal of Communication, and Media Studies Journal and he has served on the editorial boards of Critical Studies in Mass Communication and Television Quarterly. As a writer and media critic, he is a frequent speaker on public radio and television. CHRISTOPHER R. MARTIN is a professor of journalism at University of Northern Iowa and author of Framed! Labor and the Corporate Media (2003). He has written articles and reviews on journalism, televised sports, the Internet, and labor for several publications, including Communication Research, Journal of Communication, Journal of Communication Inquiry, Labor Studies Journal, and Culture, Sport, and Society. He is also on the editorial board of the Journalism of Communication Inquiry. BETTINA FABOS, an award-winning video maker and former print reporter, is an associate professor of visual communication and interactive media studies at University of Northern Iowa. She is the author of Wrong Turn on the Information Superhighway: Education and the Commercialized Internet (2003). Her areas of expertise include critical media literacy, Internet commercialization, the role of the internet in education, and media representations of popular culture. Her work has been published in Library Trends, Review of Educational Research, and Harvard Educational Review.

Preface PART ONE: MASS MEDIA INDUSTRIES Chapter 1- Mass Communication: A Critical Approach
THE EVOLUTION OF MASS COMMUNICATION
     The Oral and Written Eras
     The Print Era
     Media Convergence
MASS MEDIA AND THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
     The Evolution of a New Mass Medium
     Debating Media's Role in Everyday Life
MEDIA LITERACY: WAYS OF UNDERSTANDING
     The Linear Model
     The Cultural Model
     The Social Scientific Model
A CLOSER LOOK AT THE CULTURAL MODEL: SURVEYING THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
     The “Culture as Skyscraper” Metaphor
     The “Culture as Map” Metaphor
     Tracing Changes in Values
A CLOSER LOOK AT THE SOCIAL SCIENTIFIC MODEL: GATHERING DATA
     Comparing Analyses of Cancer News Coverage
     Gathering and Analyzing Data
CRITIQUING MEDIA
     Evaluating Cultural and Social Scientific Research
     Conducting Our Own Critiques
     Benefits of a Critical Perspective
Media Literacy Case Study: Bedouins, Camels, Transistors, and Coke
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 2- Books and the Power of Print
THE EARLY HISTORY OF BOOKS: FROM PAPYRUS TO PAPERBACKS
     Papyrus, Parchment, and Codex: The Development Stage of Books
     Writing and Printing Innovations: Books Enter the Entrepreneurial Stage
     The Printing Press and the Publishing Industry: Books Become a Mass Medium
THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN PUBLISHING
     Early Publishing Houses
     The Conglomerates
     The Structure of Publishing Houses
TYPES OF BOOKS: TRADITION MEETS TECHNOLOGY
     Print Books
     Electronic and Digital Publishing
THE ECONOMICS OF THE BOOK INDUSTRY           Money In     Money Out
BOOKS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
     Censorship
Media Literacy Case Study: Banned Books and “Family Values”
     Declining Readership
     Physical Deterioration
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 3- Newspapers and the Rise and Decline of Modern Journalism
THE EARLY HISTORY OF AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS
     Colonial Newspapers and the Partisan Press
     The Penny Press: Becoming a Mass Medium
     Yellow Journalism
THE EVOLUTION OF NEWSPAPERS: COMPETING MODELS OF MODERN PRINT JOURNALISM
     “Objectivity” in Modern Journalism
     Interpretive Journalism
     Literary Journalism
     Journalism in the Technology Age
CATEGORIZING NEWS AND U.S. NEWSPAPERS
     Small Local Papers: Focus on Consensus
     Regional and National Newspapers: Focus on Conflict
     Ethnic and Minority Newspapers
     The Underground Press
THE ECONOMICS OF NEWSPAPERS
     Money In
     Money Out
CHALLENGES FACING NEWSPAPERS
     Declining Readership
     Decreasing Competition
Media Literacy Case Study: Newspaper Circulation Up! (For Free Papers)
     Joint Operating Agreement
     Newspaper Chains
     Going Digital
     Blogs
     Citizen Journalism
NEWSPAPERS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 4- Magazines in the Age of Specialization
THE EARLY HISTORY OF MAGAZINES
     The First Magazines: European Origins
     Magazines in 18th Century America: The Voices of Revolution
     Magazines in 19th Century America: Specialization and General Interest
     Going National as the 20th Century Approaches
THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN AMERICAN MAGAZINES
     Distribution and Production Costs Plummet
     Muckrackers Expose Social Ills
     General-Interest Magazines Hit Their Stride
Media Literacy Case Study: The Evolution of Photojournalism
     General-Interest Magazines Decline
TYPES OF MAGAZINES
     Men's and Women's Magazines
     Entertainment, Leisure, and Sports Magazines
     Age-Specific Magazines
     Elite Magazines
     Minority Magazines
     Alternative Magazines
     Supermarket Tabloids
     Online Magazines
THE ECONOMICS OF MAGAZINES
     Money In
     Money Out
MAGAZINES IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 5- Sound Recording and Popular Music
THE EARLY HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF SOUND RECORDING
     From Cylinders to Disks: Sound Recording Becomes a Mass Medium
     From Records to Tapes to CDs: Analog Goes Digital
     From CDs to MP3s: Sound Recording in the Internet Age   Media Literacy Case Study: The Rise of MP3s and Digital Downloading
     Records and Radio: A Rocky Relationship
U.S. POPULAR MUSIC AND THE RISE OF ROCK
     The Rise of Pop Music
     Rock and Roll is Here to Stay
     Rock Blurs Additional Boundaries
     Rock and Roll Embattled
THE EVOLUTION OF POP MUSIC
     The British Are Coming!
     Motown: The Home of Soul
     Folk and Psychedelic: Protest and Drugs
     Punk, Grunge, and Alternative Rock: New Genres on the Horizon
     Hip-Hop Redraws Musical Lines
THE ECONOMICS OF SOUND RECORDING
     A Shifting Power Structure
     Making and Spending Money
SOUND RECORDING IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 6- Popular Radio and the Origins of Broadcasting
THE EARLY HISTORY OF RADIO
     Inventors Paving the Way: Morse, Maxwell, and Hertz
     Innovators in Wireless: Marconi, Fessenden, and De Forest
     Early Regulation of Wireless/Radio
     The Networks
     The Radio Act of 1927
     The Golden Age of Radio
THE EVOLUTION OF RADIO
     Transistors: Making Radios Portable
     The FM Revolution
     The Rise of Format Radio
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY RADIO
     Format Specialization
Media Literacy Case Study: Host: The Origins of Talk Radio
     Nonprofit Radio and NPR
     Radio Goes Digital
THE ECONOMICS OF COMMERCIAL RADIO
     Money In and Money Out
     From Payola to Pay-for-Play
     Radio Ownership: From Diversity to Consolidation
RADIO IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 7- Movies and the Impact of Images
THE EARLY HISTORY OF MOVIES
     Advances in Film Technology
     Telling Stories: The Introduction of Narrative
     The Arrival of Nickelodeons
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HOLLYWOOD STUDIO SYSTEM
     Edison's Attempt to Control the Industry
    A Closer Look at the Three Pillars
HOLLYWOOD'S GOLDEN AGE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF STYLE
     Narrative Techniques in the Silent Era
     Augmenting Images with Sound
     Inside the Hollywood System: Setting the Standard for Narrative Style
Media Literacy Case Study: Breaking through Hollywood's Race Barrier
     Outside the Hollywood System: Providing Alternatives
THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE STUDIO SYSTEM
     The Hollywood Ten
     The Paramount Decision
     Flight to the Suburbs
     Television
     Home Entertainment
THE ECONOMICS OF THE MOVIE BUSINESS
     Money In
     Money Out
     New Uncertainties in the Digital Age
THE MOVIES IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 8- Television, Cable, and Specialization in Visual Culture
THE EARLY HISTORY OF TELEVISION
     Becoming a Mass Medium
     Controlling TV Content
     Staining TV's Reputation
     Introducing Cable
THE EVOLUTION OF NETWORK PROGRAMMING
     Information: Network News
     Entertainment: Comedy
     Entertainment: Drama
     Talk Shows and TV News Magazines
     Reality TV
     Public Television
THE EVOLUTION OF CABLE PROGRAMMING
Media Literacy Case Study: The United Segments of America: Niche Marketing
in Cable
     Basic Cable
     Premium Cable
REGULATORY CHALLENGES FACING TELEVISION AND CABLE
     Restricting Broadcast Networks' Control
     Reining in Cable's Growth-for Awhile
TELEVISION AND CABLE IN THE DIGITAL AGE
     Home Video
     The Internet
     DBS
     Cell Phones, Mobile Video, and WiMax
THE ECONOMICS OF TELEVISION AND CABLE
     Money In
     Money Out
     Ownership and Consolidation
TELEVISION IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 9- The Internet and New Technologies: The Media Converge
THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
     Military Functions, Civic Roots
     The Net Widens
THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET: FROM WEB 1.0 TO WEB 2.0 AND BEYOND
     Web 1.0
     Web 2.0
     Web 3.0
THE ECONOMICS OF THE INTERNET
     Money In     Money Out
     The Noncommercial Web
SECURITY AND APPROPRIATENESS ON THE INTERNET
     Information Security: What's Private?
     Personal Safety: Online Predators
     Appropriateness: What Should Be Online?
THE INTERNET IN A DEMOCRACRATIC SOCIETY
     Access: Closing the Digital Divide
     Ownership and Customization
Media Literacy Case Study: Net Neutrality
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         PART TWO: MEDIA FRAMING INDUSTRIES Chapter 10- Advertising and Commercial Culture
EARLY HISTORY OF AMERICAN ADVERTISING: 1850s TO 1950s
     The First Advertising Agencies
     Retail Stores: Giving Birth to Branding
     Patent Medicines: Making Outrageous Claims
     Department Stores: Fueling a Consumer Culture
     Transforming American Society
     Early Regulation of Advertising
THE EVOLUTION OF U.S. ADVERTISING: 1950s TO TODAY
     Visual Design Comes to the Fore
     New Breeds of Advertising Agencies Are Born
     Ad Agencies Develop a Distinctive Structure
     The Internet Alters the Ad Landscape
PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUES IN CONTEMPORARY ADVERTISING
     Using Conventional Persuasive Strategies
     Associating Products with Values
     Telling Stories
     Placing Products in Media
COMMERCIAL SPEECH AND REGULATION OF ADVERTISING
     Targeting Children and Teens
     Triggering Anorexia and Overeating
   Promoting Smoking
     Promoting Drinking
     Hawking Drugs Directly to Consumers
     Monitoring the Advertising Industry
ADVERTISING IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS           Chapter 11- Public Relations and Framing the Message
EARLY HISTORY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
     Age of the Press Agent: P. T. Barnum and Buffalo Bill
     Business Adopts Press Agent Methods
     Professional Public Relations Emerges
THE EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
     PR Agencies and In-House PR Services
     A Closer Look at Public-Relations Functions
TENSIONS BETWEEN PUBLIC RELATIONS AND THE PRESS
     Elements of Interdependence
     Journalists' Skepticism About PR Practices
     Shaping PR's Image
PUBLIC RELATIONS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS           PART THREE: MEDIA EXPRESSIONS Chapter 12- The Culture of Journalism: Values, Ethics, and Democracy
MODERN JOURNALISM IN THE INFORMATION AGE
     What Is News?
     Values in American Journalism       ETHICS AND THE NEWS MEDIA
     Ethical Predicaments
     Resolving Ethical Dilemmas
REPORTING RITUALS
     Focusing on the Present
     Relying on Experts
     Creating and Balancing Story Conflict
     Acting as Adversaries
JOURNALISM IN THE AGE OF TV AND THE INTERNET
     Comparing Print and TV News
     Adapting to the Internet
     The Power of Visual Language
ALTERNATIVE MODELS: PUBLIC JOURNALISM AND FAKE NEWS
     Public Journalism
     Fake News
JOURNALISM IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 13- Legal Controls and Freedom of Expression
THE ORIGINS OF FREE EXPRESSION AND FREE PRESS
     A Closer Look at the First Amendment
   Interpretations of “Free Expression”
     The Evolution of Censorship
     Unprotected Forms of Expression
     First Amendment versus Sixth Amendment
THE FIRST AMENDMENT AND FILM
     Citizens and Lawmakers Control the Movies
     The Movie Industry Regulates Itself
THE FIRST AMENDMENT, BROADCASTING, AND THE INTERNET        Two Pivotal Court Cases
     Dirty Words, Indecent Speech, and Hefty Fines
     Political Broadcasts and Equal Opportunity
     Fair Coverage of Controversial Issues
     Communication Policy and the Internet
THE FIRST AMENDMENT IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 14- Media Economics and the Global Marketplace
ANALYZING THE MEDIA ECONOMY
     How Media Industries Are Structured
     How Media Companies Operate
     How the Internet Is Changing the Game
THE TRANSITION TO AN INFORMATION ECONOMY
     Deregulation Trumps Regulation
     The Rise of Media Powerhouses
     Business Trends in Media Industries
     The Age of Hegemony
SPECIALIZATION AND GLOBAL MARKETS
     The Rise of Specialization and Synergy
     Disney: A Postmodern Media Conglomerate
     The Growth of Global Audiences
SOCIAL ISSUES IN MEDIA ECONOMICS
     The Limits of Antitrust Laws
     A Vast Silence
     Cultural Imperialism
THE MEDIA MARKETPLACE IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS         Chapter 15- Social Scientific and Cultural Approaches to Research
EARLY MEDIA RESEARCH METHODS
     Propaganda Analysis
     Public-Opinion Research
     Social-Psychology Studies
     Marketing Research
SOCIAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
     Early Theories of Media Effects
     Early Approaches to Social Scientific Media Research
     Contemporary Media-Effects Theories
     Evaluating Social Scientific Research
CULTURAL APPROACHES TO MEDIA RESEARCH
     Early Developments in Cultural Studies Media Research
     Contemporary Cultural Studies Approaches
     Evaluating Cultural Studies Research
MEDIA RESEARCH IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CHAPTER ESSENTIALS

Notes
Glossary
Index

Media Essentials : A Brief Introduction

0312590857

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Author Biography

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