9780130406811

This new history of South Africa provides a significant and unique addition to the existing one volume texts by emphasizing African contributions and encompassing the previously hidden voices.This book incorporates important new perspectives on South African geography and the spatial dimensions of segregation and apartheid, environmental studies, and the dynamic literature on identities and ethnicity. The book also highlights how Europeans and Africans shaped the environment, politics and the economy to develop a complex multi-racial nation.For readers who want a detailed understanding of all the forces that have shaped South Africa to date.

Aran S. MacKinnon is associate professor of history at the University of West Georgia.

Preface
List of Maps
List of Photographs and Sources
The Setting: Climate, Geography and People in Sout Africa
The Environment
Human Communities: The San and Khoi
The First Farmers
Farming Society
Conclusions
Early Conflict and Interdependence: The Establishment and Expansion of the Cape Colony
Earliest Contact: Portugese Forays and Khoi Responses
The V.O.C. (Dutch East India Company) and Company Rule
White Settlement and Khoi Resistence
Slavery at the Cape
Relations in the Zones of Interaction
Whites and Griqua in the Interior
The Xhosa and White Settlers
Conclusion
The British and the Expanding Cape
The Arrival of the British
Abolition
Reform and Labor
British Settlers
The Missionary Enterprise
Xhosa Crises: Interaction with the Settlers and Civil War
Conclusion
The Making of New States
The Implications of the "Mecane."
Nguni-speaking Chiefdoms
The Rise of the Zulu Kingdom
Developments in the Interior
Mass Movements and New States
Moshoeshoe and the Sotho
Mzilikazi and the Ndebele
Matiwane's Ngwane and the British
British Policy and the Xhosa
The Afrikaner "Great Trek."
Piet Retief and the Zulu
Conclusion
African and Afrikaners States in Conflict
African States and the Trekker Republics
Africans and British Policy Initiatives: Segregation and Indirect Rule
African States, White Settlers, Imperial Authorities and the Xhosa Crisis
The Sotho, Afrikaners and British Intervention on the Highveld
British Policy Reversals and the Sotho-Orange Free State War
Conclusions
The First Phase of Industrialization
Diamond Discoveries and Rival Claims
African Men and Women and the Development of Diamond Mining
The Impact of Mining
Imperial Designs, Local Politics and Confederation Schemes
British Imperialism, Afrikaner Republican Resistance and the Pedi Kingdom
The Final Phases of Conquest
Sotho and Zulu Resistence
Conclusion
The Second Phase of Industrialization: Gold Mining and the Creation of a Unified White State
Gold Mining African Migrant Labor
African Society and Migrant Labor
The Politics of Mining: the Afrikaners, and British and Rhodes
The South African War
Peace, Reconstruction and the Building of a White State
African Resistance and African Labor
Conclusion
From Union to Apartheid: The Consolidation of a White State and the Rise of African Opposition, 1910-1948
White Politics and the State
Segregation Legislation and African Communities
Opposition Movements and the Roots of African Nationalism
Rural African Opposition
Conclusion
Apartheid and South African Society
The Nationalists and Apartheid
Blacks and Apartheid Policies
African Society and the Impact of Apartheid
The Homelands
Opposition Politics: Strategy and Rural Protests
Rising Tensions, State Repression and Radicalism
South Africa in Global Context
Conclusion
The African Transformation of South Africa
The South African Security State and Regional Politics
Resistance From Below and the Failure of "Reform."
The Rejection of Reform, Uprisings and Opposition Tensions
Mounting Pressures and the Road to Negotiations
Negotiations and the Road to Democratic Elections
Conclusions
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The New South Africa: 1994-Present
The New Government and the Ascendancy of the ANC
The Economy
Looking Back, Healing and Moving Forward: the TRC and
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In this text I have sought to provide readers with an overview and details of some of the major developments in South African history. It has been based upon my interpretation of most of the major recent works on South Africa. In rendering the narrative for the chapters, I have sought to provide a sense of what I see as the most recent consensus of historians on the major features and important trends in South African history. In places where there is no consensus, or where there is controversy, I have attempted to capture the nature of the current debate and to suggest what I see as the most compelling arguments. As with any text such as this, compromises had to be made. I do not pretend to have covered all aspects of the field, but I have emphasized what I feel is a judicious blend of social, economic, and political history. I remain an unabashed materialist historian, and so my interpretations of these features of South African history are grounded in an analysis of the country's political economy. While I have sought to emphasize the African story, I have attempted to show that South Africa's history was made by many people from different backgrounds who often had different experiences, but all of whom share points of historical convergence in this region.The focus of the text, of necessity, is rigidly on South Africa, with only brief references to states beyond. This is not intended to convey a sense that these states are not important parts of the broader region, but rather that their stories are perhaps best told in their own rights, where more justice can be done to them. The major themes I have sought to highlight are the spatial dimensions of social, political, and economic interaction, and the black initiative in transforming the country. I will not comment here on the challenges posed for South African history by things such as terminology and orthography, save to say again, I have sought to employ what I see as the consensus of historians' views and practices.It is both a curious and pleasant minor note about the current position of South Africa in our globalizing world that I completed this work while sipping roobios tea imported to the U.S. from South Africa. Rooibos is an herbal tea credited with medicinal properties first used by the San people of the Cape region but it has become widely popular in South Africa and now, perhaps it will become so in the rest of the world. This apparently trivial thing seems to me significant for two reasons. First, it shows off just one of the fine things aboutt the country, and second, it shows that South Africa, since the transition from apartheid, is able to take its place on the world stage for very positive reasons. In the face of the current challenges for the health and welfare of South Africans, it is gratifying to see that the struggles of the people of the country have now provided great hope for a promising future.

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The Making of South Africa Culture and Politics

The Making of South Africa Culture and Politics

0130406813

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