Contents

To the Teacher………………………………………………………………………………………xx

Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………………… xx

Chapter Overview………………………………………………………………………………… xx

CHAPTER 1   Describing People ………………………………..……………        1

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………      2

Prewriting ……………………………………………………………………………………… 2

    Asking Questions and Taking Notes …………………………………………   2

Organization …………………………………………………………………………………   4

    Looking at the Models ………………………………………………………………  5

Looking at Vocabulary       Descriptive Adjectives ………………           6

Formatting the Page ……………………………………………………………           8

Grammar and Mechanics ………………………………………………………         14

    Sentences ……………………………………………………………………….……      14

    Capitalization ………………………………………………………………………       18

Sentence Structure …………………………………………………………………        20

    Simple Sentences ………………………………………………………………         20

    Sentence Combining ………………………………………………………….        24

Applying Vocabulary          Descriptive Adjectives ………………………… 26

The Writing Process …………………………………………………………………       27

Writing Assignment A Paragraph about a Family Member …           31

Self-Assessment………………………………………………………………………        32

Expansion………………………………………………………………………………          33

    Timed Writing     A Paragraph about Someone You Admire……   33

    Your Journal…………………………………………………………………………        33

CHAPTER 2   Listing-Order Paragraphs………………….……………           34

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………      35

    Prewriting …………………………………………………………………………………  35

    Clustering ………………………………………………………………………………     35

Listing-Order Paragraphs ………………………………………………………….     37

    Looking at the Model ………………………………………………………………    38

Looking at Vocabulary    Intensifiers …………………………………………     38

Organization ………………………………………………………………………………     40

    The Topic Sentence ………………………………………………………………      40

    Supporting Sentences ……………………………………………………………     47

    Listing-Order Transition Signals ……………………………………………      49

    The Concluding Sentence ………………………………………………………     52

Outlining     Creating an Outline from a Cluster ………………………      56

Sentence Structure ……………………………………………………………………     58

    Compound Sentences ……………………………………………………….……    58

    Coordinating Conjunctions And, But, Or, and So …………………      61

    Common Sentence Errors  Run-ons and Comma Splices……        64

Applying Vocabulary          Using Intensifiers…………………………………  66

Writing Assignment           A Paragraph about a Career………………   67

Self-Assessment …………………………………………………………………………    68

Expansion ……………………………………………………………………………………    69

    Timed Writing   A Paragraph about a Boss ……………………………     69

    Your Journal ……………………………………………………………………………    69

CHAPTER 3   Giving Instructions ………………………………………..           70

Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………        71

Prewriting …………………………………………………………………………………      71

    Listing ………………………………………………………………………………………   71

“How-To” Paragraphs ……………………………………………………………         73

    Looking at the Model ………………………………………………………………    74

    Looking at Vocabulary   Descriptive Adverbs ..…………………………75

Organization……………………………………………………………………………………76

    Topic Sentences and Concluding Sentences…………………………       76

    Time-Order and Listing-Order Transition Signals…………………       78

Outlining                 Creating an Outline from an Edited List ………   83

Sentence Structure ……………………………………………………………………     86

    Independent and Dependent Clauses ……………………………………     86

    Complex Sentences with Time Clauses …………………………………     87

    Common Sentence Errors: Fragments …………………………………      91

    Summary  Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences ……      92

Mechanics …………………………………………………………………………………      96

    Capitalization: Four More Rules ……………………………………………      96

    Punctuation: Commas ……………………………………………………………     99

Applying Vocabulary    Words that Describe How to Do Things   102

Writing Assignment       A “How-To” Paragraph ………………………  103

Self-Assessment ………………………………………………………………………   104

Expansion …………………………………………………………………………………… 104

    Timed Writing  A Paragraph about How to Do Well in a Class ………  104

    Your Journal ………………………………………………….…………………….…  105

CHAPTER 4     Describing with Space Order ……………………………  106

Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………     107

Prewriting …………………………………………………………………………….……  107

    Listing Descriptive Details …………………………………………………     107

Descriptive Paragraphs ……………………………………………………………   110

    Space Order …………………………………………………………………………… 110

    Looking at the Model ……………………………………………………………   111

Looking at Vocabulary    Prepositions of Place ……………….…………112

Organization …………………………………………………………………………………113

    Topic Sentences and Concluding Sentences …………………………  113

    Supporting Sentences with Specific Details …………………………….115

Outlining     Creating an Outline for a Descriptive Paragraph ……118

Grammar ………………………………………………………………………………………120

    Adjectives ………………………………………………………………………………  120

    Order of Adjectives ………………………………………………………………   123

Sentence Structure ………………………………………………………………………126

    Prepositions ……………………………………………………………………………  126

    Prepositional Phrases ……………………………………………………………   127

Applying Vocabulary    Prepositions of Place ……………………………  132

Writing Assignment    A Paragraph Describing a Special Place   133

Self-Assessment ………………………………………………………………………    134

Expansion …………………………………………………………………………………    135

    Timed Writing    A Paragraph Describing a Public Space ……   135

    Your Journal …………………………………………………………………………    135

CHAPTER 5    Stating Reasons and Using Examples ………………   136

    Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………137

Prewriting ………………………………………………………………………………………137

    Listing and Outlining with Reasons and Examples ………………   137

Paragraphs with Reasons and Examples ………………………………      140

    Looking at the Model ……………………………………………………………    140

Looking at Vocabulary    Words that Describe Geography ………   141

Organization ………………………………………………………………………………   142

    Reasons and Examples …………………………………………………………   142

    Transition Signals that Introduce Reasons …………………………    146

    Transition Signals that Introduce Examples …………………………  148

    Conclusion Signals ……………………………………………………………..…  150

Sentence Structure ……………………………………………………………..……   151

    Complex Sentences with Reason and Condition Clauses ……   151

Mechanics ………………………………………………………………………………..    156

    Capitalization    Two More Rules …………………………………………    156

    Punctuation    Four More Comma Rules ………………………………   158

    Applying Vocabulary    Words that Describe Geography ………160

Writing Assignment    A Paragraph Recommending an Area …    161

Self-Assessment ……………………………………………………………………………162

Expansion ……………………………………………………………..…………………     162

    Timed Writing    A Paragraph about a Place for a Day Trip …   162

    Your Journal……………………………………………………………..……………    163

CHAPTER 6     Expressing Your Opinion …………………………………      164
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………     165

Prewriting …………………………………………………………………………………      165

    Getting Ideas from Reading ……………………………………………….       165

Opinion Paragraphs ………………………………………………………………….      168

    Looking at the Model ……………………………………………………………      168

Looking at Vocabulary     Word Forms ………………………………………    169

Organization ……………………………………………………………………..………     171

    Facts and Opinions …………………………………………………………………    171        

Transitions Signals in Opinion Paragraphs ……………………………    173

Sentence Structure ……………………………………………………………………    178

    Adjective Clauses with Who, Which, and That ……………….……    178

    Punctuating Adjective Clauses ………………………………………………    180

    Complex Sentences with Adjective Clauses …………………………    182

    More about Fragments ………………………………………………………..…   185

Mechanics ………………………………………………………..………………………      188

    Quotation Marks…………………………………………………………….…..…     188

Applying Vocabulary   Word Forms ……………………………                 189

Writing Assignment    A Paragraph that Expresses an Opinion     190

Self Assessment …………………………………………………………………………   191

Expansion …………………………………………………………………………………     191

    Timed Writing     An Opinion Paragraph about Cheating ……     191

    Your Journal …………………………………………………………………………      192

Appendices

Appendix A:                                                                                                          

    Journal Topics…………………………………………................. XX

Appendix B:

    Grammar Terms …………………………………………...………..…. XX

Appendix C: 

    Sentence Types …………………………………………..……..……. XX

Appendix D:                                                                                     

    Transition Signals ……………………………………………..…..…. XX

Appendix E:

    Mechanics ………………………………………………….……………….. XX

Appendix F:

    Correction Symbols .………………………………………….……….. XX

Appendix G:

    Peer Review/Writer’s Self-Check Worksheets …………. XX

Index ………………………………………………………………………………………………… XX

Credits ……………………………………………………………………………………………………XX

[END CONTENTS]

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