Dr. Alyssa J. O'Brien is a Lecturer in the Program and Writing and Rhetoric at Stanford University, where she directs the Cross-Cultural Rhetoric initiative and publishes scholarship and textbooks on visual rhetoric, writing pedagogy, and global learning. She has been an invited speaker in Asia and Europe on subjects such as global learning, communication for leadership, visual rhetoric, and “mapping a change in writing.”  In 2006, Alyssa won the Phi Beta Kappa Outstanding Teaching Award, and what she enjoys most is helping people discover their voices in writing of all kinds.  Her current first- and second-year writing courses focus on visual rhetoric, cross-cultural rhetoric, globalization, and communication for leadership.  Before coming to Stanford in 2001, she taught composition, creative writing, literature, and business writing at Cornell University, the Eastman School of Music, and the University of Rochester. 

Chapter 1 Analyzing Texts and Writing Thesis Statements 2

    Understanding Texts Rhetorically 4

    Strategies for Analyzing Rhetorical Texts 7

        Understanding Visual Rhetoric 8

        Understanding Written Rhetoric 13

      Reading: Heidi Przybyla, “Giffords Shooting in Arizona May Cool U.S. Political Rhetoric, Hurt Palin” 15

    Writing Across Diverse Media 18

        Analyzing Published Writing 22

      Reading: Karl Rove, “After Four Bleak Obama Years, an Opportunity” 25

    Brainstorming Parts of An Essay 28

        Developing a Thesis Statement 29

    Analyzing Student Writing 33

      Student Writing: Sophie Shank, “Better Watch Out: ‘Monsanto Claus’ is Coming to Town—A political cartoon warns of the

        destruction wreaked” 25

    The Writer’s Process 39

    Writing Assignments 41

Chapter 2 Understanding Strategies of Persuasion 44

    Identifying Strategies of Argumentation 46

      Reading: Ian Bogost, “Persuasive Games” 50

    Understanding the Rhetorical Appeals 51

        Appeals to Emotion: Pathos 53

        Appeals to Reason: Logos 58

        Appeals to Character and Authority: Ethos 63

    Considering Context and Values: Kairos and Doxa 69

    Reading an Ad Analysis 72

      Reading: David Zweig, “What Everyone Is Missing About the Lauded New Dove Ad Campaign” 72

    The Writer’s Process 74

    Writing Assignments 75

Chapter 3 Composing Arguments 78

    Understanding the Canons of Rhetoric 79

    Invention in Argument 79

    Arrangement in Argument 85

        Using Classical Strategies of Arrangement 88

        Using Toulmin to Arrange or Analyze an Argument 90

        Considering Rogerian Arguments 91

    Style in Argument 93

        Constructing Your Persona 94

        Choosing a Rhetorical Stance 95

    Writing with Style: Titles, Introductions, and Conclusions 96

    Writing a Position Paper 101

      Student Writing: Lindsay Funk, “Rand Paul Asks Does Foreign Aid Make Us Safer? Yes, It Does” 103

        Writing a Position Paper that Considers Multiple Arguments 106

      Reading: Richard B. Woodward, “One 9/11 Picture, Thousands of Words: Rorschach of Meanings “ 108

    The Writer’s Process 112

    Writing Assignments 112

Chapter 4 Planning and Proposing Research Arguments 116

    Asking Research Questions 117

        Constructing a Research Log 119

    Generating Topics and Research Questions 120

    Narrowing Your Topic 123

        Brainstorming Topics Visually 123

    Writing About Your Research Plans 127

        The Research Freewrite 129

      Student Writing: Bries Deerrose, “The Research Freewrite” 129

        Drafting the Research Hypothesis 131

    Drafting a Research Proposal 132

      Student Writing: Molly Fehr, “Inspiring Nazi Germany: How Hitler Rose to Power through the Use of Propaganda and

        Rousing Rhetoric” 134

    The Writer’s Process 139

    Writing Assignments 140

Chapter 5 Finding and Evaluating Research Sources 142

    Visualizing Research 143

    Developing Search Terms 145

    Understanding Primary and Secondary Sources 146

        Finding Primary Sources 147

        Searching for Secondary Sources 149

    Evaluating Your Sources 152

    Using Field Research 155

        Conducting Interviews 157

        Developing a Survey 160

        Other Models of Fieldwork 163

        Evaluating Field Research Sources 165

    Creating a Dialogue with Your Sources 166

      Student Writing: Amanda Johnson, “Dialogue of Sources” 167

    Writing an Annotated Bibliography 169

    The Writer’s Process 173

    Writing Assignments 174

Chapter 6 Organizing and Writing Research Arguments 176

    Organizing Your Draft in Visual Form 177

    Learning Outline Strategies 179

        Outlines with Argumentative Subheads 181

      Student Writing: Dexian Cai, “Research Paper Outline” 182 Transitions 186

    Spotlight on Your Argument 186

        Analyzing a Published Argument 187

      Reading: Bret Schulte, “Saying it in Cinema” 188

    Integrating Research Sources 190

        Selecting Summary 191

        Picking Paraphrase 192

        Using Direct Quotations 193

        Working with Quotations in Your Writing 193

        Documentation During Integration 197

    Drafting Your Research Argument 198

        Keeping Your Passion 198

        Analyzing a Student’s Draft of a Research-Based Essay 199

      Student Writing: Wan Jin Park, “Environmental Leadership: How Al Gore Illuminated an Overlooked Crisis” 199

    Revising Your Draft 205

        Troubleshooting 206

        Collaboration Through Peer Feedback 208

    Analyzing a Student’s Revision of a Research-Based Essay 209

      Student Writing: Wan Jin Park, “Balancing the Soft and the Passionate Rhetorician: Gore’s Dynamic Rhetoric in His

        Environmental Leadership” 210

    The Writer’s Process 220

    Writing Assignments 221

Chapter 7 Avoiding Plagiarism and Documenting Sources 223

    Understanding Intellectual Property and Plagiarism 224

        Avoiding Unintentional Plagiarism 226

        Working with Images and Multimedia as Sources 226

    Understanding Documentation Style 227

        In-Text Citations: Documentation as Cross-Referencing 228

        Using Notes for Documentation 231

    Producing a Works Cited List in MLA Style 232

        Documentation for Print and Online Text-Based Sources 233

        Documentation for Visual, Audio, and Multimedia Sources 238

        Student Paper in MLA Style 242

      Student Writing: Stephanie Parker, “Soompi and the ‘Honorary Asian’: Shifting Identities in the Digital Age” 243

    The Writer’s Process 249

    Writing Assignments 249

Chapter 8 Designing Arguments 252

    Understanding Document Design and Decorum 253

    Understanding Academic Writing Conventions 255

    Integrating Images in Academic Writing 257

        Design of Academic Papers 259

    Tools of Design for Academic Audiences 259

        Writing an Abstract 259

      Student Writing: Zachary Templeton, “Video Games: A Viable and Accessible Treatment Option for Depression” 261

    Constructing Your Bio 262

      Student Writing: Molly Cunningham, Bio 263

    Formatting Writing for Audience and Purpose 264

      Reading: London Greenpeace, “What’s Wrong with the Body Shop?” 265

    Designing Arguments in Popular Formats 269

        Crafting an Op-Ad 269

      Student Writing: Carrie Tsosie, “Alternative Energy for Whom?” 271

        Producing a Photo Essay 271

      Student Writing: Conor Henrikson, “Art on Campus” 272

        Composing in Newsletter or Magazine Format 274

      Student Writing: Miranda Smith, “Charities Taking Action Against Hunger” 275

        Composing a Website 275

        Creating an Online Video 280

    The Writer’s Process 282

    Writing Assignments 283

Chapter 9 Delivering Presentations 285

    Branches of Oratory 287

    Audience, Purpose, and Persona 288

    Transforming Research Writing into a Presentation 290

        Selection 291

        Organization 292

        Translation 294

    Writing and Designing a Presentation 295

      Student Writing: Nicholas Spears, “Lady Gaga Research Proposal ‘Script’ ” 296

            Strategies of Presentation Design 299

        Writing for Poster Sessions 301

        Writing for Multimedia Presentations 302

        Working with Slideshows 303

        Beyond the Slideshow 305

    Choosing Methods of Memory and Delivery 307

        Harnessing Memory for Live Performances 307

        Mastering Delivery for Live Performances 308

    Practicing Your Presentation 311

        Anticipating Problems and the Question-and-Answer Session 312

    Documenting Your Presentation 313

    The Writer’s Process 315

    Writing Assignments 315

Chapter 10 You Are What You Eat 320

   Kate Murphy, “First Camera, Then Fork” 322

   Food Photographs 326

    Writing Collaboratively 327

   Michelle Obama, “Remarks Prepared for the Let’s Move Launch” 327

   United States Department of Agriculture, Nutritional Information Graphics 337

   Michael Pollan, “How Change Is Going to Come in the Food System” 340

   Information Graphic: Locavorism vs. Globavorism 343

   Taylor Clark, “Meatless Like Me” 344

   Peter Menzel and Faith d’Aluisio, Photographs from Hungry Planet 348

   James McWilliams, “The Green Monster” 351

   The New York Times Editors, “Can Biotech Food Cure World Hunger?” 355

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 359

    From Reading to Research Assignments 360

Chapter 11 Life Online 362

   Editorial Cartoon 364

   Christine Erickson, “The Social Psychology of the Selfie” 365

   Robbie Cooper, from Alter Ego: Avatars and Their Creators 370

   Amanda Lenhart, Mary Madden, Aaron Smith, Kristen Purcell, Kathryn

   Zickuhr, and Lee Rainie, Excerpt from “Teens, Kindness and Cruelty on Social Network Sites” 374

   danah boyd and Alice Marwick, Excerpt from “Social Privacy in Networked Publics: Teens’ Attitudes, Practices, and

    Strategies” 379

   Clive Thompson, “I’m So Totally, Digitally Close to You” 388

    Writing Collaboratively 397

   xkcd, “Online Communities 2” 398

   Art Silverblatt, “Twitter As Newspeak” 399

   Evgeny Morozov, “From Slacktivism to Activism” 402

   Daniel Terdiman, “Playing Games with a Conscience” 407

   Screenshots: Games for Change 410

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 412

    From Reading to Research Assignments 412

Chapter 12 Imagining the Ideal Body 414

   Pamela Abbott and Francesca Sapsford, “Clothing the YoungFemale Body” 417

   Photograph: Swedish Mannequins 422

   Susie Orbach, “Fat Is an Advertising Issue” 423

   John Riviello, “What If Barbie Was an Actual Person? A Flash Movie” 428

   National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), 2012 Anorexia Awareness Poster 429

    Writing Collaboratively 430

   Susan McClelland, “Distorted Images: Western Cultures Are Exporting Their Dangerous Obsession with Thinness” 430

   Elinor Frankel, “Should America Follow Israel’s Example and Ban Too-Thin Models?” 433

   Charles Atlas, “The Insult That Made a Man Out of ‘Mac’ ” 437

   Harrison G. Pope, Jr., Robert Olivardia, Amanda Gruber, and John

   Borowiecki, “Evolving Ideals of Male Body Image as Seen Through Action Toys” 438

    Writing Collaboratively 446

   Kim Franke-Folstad, “G.I. Joe’s Big Biceps Are Not a Big Deal” 447

   Lore Sjöberg and Kelsey Drake, “Beards of Silicon Valley: A Field Guide to Tech Facial Hair” 449

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 451

    From Reading to Research Assignments 451

Chapter 13 Playing Against Stereotypes 453

   Photographs: Defying Stereotypes of Ability 455

   Carla Filomena Silva and P. David Howe, “The (In)validity of Supercrip Representation of Paralympian Athletes” 457

   Thad Mumford, “The New Minstrel Show: Black Vaudeville with Statistics” 464

   ESPN, From “Black Athlete Confidential” 467

   Dave Zirin, “Say It Ain’t So, Big Leagues” 473

   Robert Lipsyte, “Jocks Vs. Pukes” 476

   Jealousy of Caster Semenya 480

   Sports Illustrated Covers 482

   Maya Dusenbery and Jaeah Lee, “The State of Women’s Athletics, 40 Years After Title Ix” 483

   The Media Education Foundation, Transcript: Playing Unfair 487

    Writing Collaboratively 498

   Shannon Ryan, “Banking on Beauty: Trying to Expand Fan Base by Marketing Its Players, the WNBA for the First Time

    Offers Rookies Lessons in Fashion and Makeup” 499

   WNBA, “Expect Great” Commercial 502

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 504

    From Reading to Research Assignments 504

Chapter 14 Crisis and Resilience 506

   Drea Knufken, “Help, We’re Drowning!: Please Pay Attention to Our Disaster” 510

   Daniel Okrent, “The Public Editor: No Picture Tells the Truth—The Best Do Better Than That” 513

   Charles Porter, “Tragedy in Oklahoma” 517

   Joe Strupp, “The Photo Felt Around the World” 520

   Mark Glaser, “Did London Bombings Turn Citizen Journalists into Citizen Paparazzi?” 523

   Make “Pictures of Hurricane Sandy” 528

    Writing Collaboratively 529

   David Leeson, “Photographs and Stories” 530

   NewsHour Extra with Jim Lehrer, “Pros and Cons of Embedded Journalism” 535

   Mark Binelli, “How Detroit Became the World Capital of Staring at Abandoned Old Buildings” 537

   Matthew Christoper, “Abandoned America” 541

   Lady Gaga, “We Pray for Japan” 543

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 544

    From Reading to Research Assignments 545

Chapter 15 Claiming Citizenship 546

   The Center for American Progress, “Infographic: The New Demographics” 549

   Meme, “Does History Repeat Itself?” 550

   A. G. Sulzberger, “Hispanics Reviving Faded Towns on the Plains” 552

   Alex Webb, “Life on the Border” 555

   Thomas L. Friedman, “America’s Real Dream Team” 558

   Stephen M. Steinlight, “Thomas L. Friedman: Foe of Open-Borders and ‘Comprehensive Immigration Reform’?” 561

   Lexington, “The Hub Nation” 565

    Writing Collaboratively 568

   Mark Rice-Oxley, “In 2,000 Years, Will the World Remember Disney or Plato?” 569

   Joseph Davicsin and Jerome Sklarsky, “The Daily Targum: Two Opinions on McDonaldization” 573

   Paul Feine, “McBastards: McDonald’s and Globalization” 576

   Colleen Walsh, “Education Without Limits” 580

    Analyzing Perspectives on the Issue 584

    From Reading to Research Assignments 585

Credits 586

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