9780131402461

This popular book, now in its 10th edition, is a useful and interesting read for the layperson, as it is colorful, conversational in tone, and easily understandable. Knowledge of chemistry leads to better understanding about the hazards and benefits of this world, enabling better personal decision-making. This comprehensive yet simply written book covers the gamut of chemistry topics, including: drugs, biocides, food additives, fertilizers, fuels, detergents, cosmetics, plastics, toxic wastes, polluted air and water, and dwindling petroleum reserves. By introducing current and timely topics, this book enables the reader to relate chemistry to themselves. For anyone interested in learning about chemistry and its effect upon our everyday lives.

(Note:Each chapter concludes with a Summary, Key Terms, Review Questions, Problems, Additional Problems, Group Projects, and References and Readings.)
Chemistry: A Science for All Seasons
Science and Technology: The Roots of Knowledge
The Baconian Dream and the Carsonian Nightmare
Science: Testable, Reproducible, Explanatory, Predictive, and Tentative
Limitations of Science
Science and Technology: Risks and Benefits
Chemistry: Its Central Role
Solving Society's Problems: Scientific Research
Chemistry: A Study of Matter and Its Changes
Classification of Matter
Measurement of Matter
Density
Energy: Heat and Temperature
Critical Thinking
Atoms: Are They for Real? Atoms: The Greek Idea
Lavoisier: The Law of Conservation of Mass
Proust: The Law of Definite Proportions
John Dalton and the Atomic Theory of Matter
Out of Chaos: The Periodic Table
Atoms: Real and Relevant
Leucippus Revisited: Molecules
Atomic Structure: Images of the Invisible
Electricity and the Atom
Serendipity in Science: X-Rays and Radioactivity
Three Types of Radioactivity
Rutherford's Experiment: The Nuclear Model of the Atom
Structure of the Nucleus
Electron Arrangement: The Bohr Model
Electron Arrangement: The Quantum Model
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Which Model to Choose?
Nuclear Chemistry: The Heart of the Matter
Natural Radioactivity
Nuclear Equations
Half-Life
Radioisotopic Dating
Artificial Transmutation
Uses of Radioisotopes
Nuclear Medicine
Penetrating Power of Radiation
Energy from the Nucleus
Building the Bomb
Radioactive Fallout
Nuclear Power Plants
Thermonuclear Reactions
The Nuclear Age
Chemical Bonds: The Ties That Bind
The Art of Deduction: Stable Electron Configurations
Electron-Dot Structures
Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Facts
Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Theory
Using Electron-Dot Symbols: More Ionic Compounds
Formulas and Names of Binary Ionic Compounds
Covalent Bonds: Shared Electron Pairs
Unequal Sharing: Polar Covalent Bonds
Polyatomic Molecules: Water, Ammonia, and Methane
Polyatomic Ions
Rules for Writing Electron-Dot Formulas
Odd-Electron Molecules: Free Radicals
Molecular Shapes: The VSEPR Theory
Shapes and Properties: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules
Intermolecular Forces and States of Matter
A Chemical Vocabulary
Chemical Accounting: Mass and Volume Relationships
Chemical Sentences: Equations
Volume Relationships in Chemical Equations
Avogadro's Number: 6.02 X 1023
The Mole: ldquo;A Dozen Eggs and a Mole of Sugar, Please.rdquo;
Mole and Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations
The Gas Laws
Solutions
Acids and Bases: Please Pass the Protons
Acids and Bases: Experimental Definitions
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acidic and Basic Anhydrides
Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
The pH Scale
Acid Rain
Antacids: A Basic Remedy
Acids and Bases in Industry and in Us
Oxidation and Reduction: Burn and Unburn
Oxidation and Reduction: Three Views
Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
Electrochemistry: Cells and Batteries
Corrosion
Explosive Reactions
Oxygen: An Abundant and Essential Oxidizing Agent
Other Common Oxidizing Agents
Some Reducing Agents of Interest
A Closer Look at Hydrogen
Oxidation, Reduction, and Living Things
Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds
The Unique Carbon Atom
Alkanes
Cyclic Hydrocarbons: Rings and Things
Unsaturated and H
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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Chemistry for Changing Timesis now in its tenth edition. Times have indeed changed since the first edition appeared in 1972, and they are now changing more rapidly than ever. The book is changing accordingly. Our knowledge base has expanded enormously since that first edition, never more so than in the last few years. We have faced tough choices in deciding what to include and what to leave out. We live in what has been called the "information age." Unfortunately, information is not knowledge. It may or may not be valid. Our focus, more than ever, is on helping students evaluate information. We hope that some day we all will gain the gift of wisdom. A major premise is that a chemistry course for students who are not majoring in science should be quite different from the course we offer our science majors. It must present basic chemical concepts with intellectual honesty, but it should not focus on esoteric theories or rigorous mathematics. It should include lots of modern everyday applications. The textbook should be appealing to look at, easy to understand, and interesting to read. Three-fourths of the legislation considered by the U.S. Congress involves questions having to do with science or technology, yet only rarely does a scientist or engineer enter politics. Most of the people who make important decisions regarding our health and our environment are not trained in science, but it is critical that these decision makers be scientifically literate. A chemistry course for students who are not science majors should emphasize practical applications of chemistry to problems involving such things as environmental pollution, radioactivity, energy sources, and human health. The students who take our liberal arts chemistry courses include future teachers, lawyers, accountants, journalists, and judges. There are probably some future legislators, too. Objectives Our main objectives in a chemistry course for students who are not majoring in science are as follows: To attract a lot of students. If students are not enrolled in the course, we can't teach them. To use topics of current interest to illustrate chemical principles. We want students to appreciate the importance of chemistry in the real world. To relate chemical problems to the everyday lives of our students. Chemical problems seem more significant to students if they can see a personal connection. To instill in students an appreciation for chemistry as an open-ended learning experience. We hope that our students will develop a curiosity about science, and will want to continue learning throughout their lives. To acquaint students with scientific methods. We want students to be able to read about science and technology with some degree of critical judgment. This is especially important because many of the scientific problems discussed are complex and controversial. To help students become literate in science. We want our students to develop a comfortable knowledge of science so that they find news articles relating to science interesting rather than intimidating. New Features in the Tenth Edition In preparing this new edition, we have responded to suggestions from users and reviewers of the ninth edition as well as using our own writing and teaching experience. The text is fully revised and updated to reflect the latest scientific developments in a fast-changing world. Planning the Course The organization of the text makes it easier for the instructor to skip sections or (in some cases) whole chapters. At most institutions, the course for nonscience majors brings together a tremendously heterogeneous group of students, with regard to both their science backgrounds and their academic interests. A major challenge to the instructor is to find the balance between these needs and interests. As authors we have tried to create a text that is flexible and tha

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Chemistry for Changing Times

Chemistry for Changing Times

0131402463

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