1. Writing and Genres

3. Readers, Contexts, and Rhetorical Situations

4. Reading Critically

PART 2: USING GENRES TO EXPRESS IDEAS

5. Memoirs

6. Profiles

9. Rhetorical Analyses

10. Commentaries

11. Arguments

12. Proposals

13. Analytical Reports

14. Research Papers

PART 3: DEVELOPING A WRITING PROCESS

15. Inventing Ideas and Prewriting

16. Organizing and Drafting

17. Choosing A Style

18. Designing

19. Revising and Editing

PART 4: STRATEGIES FOR SHAPING IDEAS

20. Developing Paragraphs and Sections

21. Using Basic Rhetorical Patterns

22. Using Argumentative Strategies

23. Collaborating and Peer Response

PART 5: DOING RESEARCH

24. Starting Research

25. Finding Sources and Collecting Evidence

26. Citing, Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Sources

27. Using MLA Style

28. Using APA Style

PART 6: GETTING YOUR IDEAS OUT THERE

29. Writing with Social Networking

30. Creating a Portfolio

31. Succeeding on Written Exams and Assessment

32. Presenting Your Work

PART 7: ANTHOLOGY OF READINGS

35. Reviews

36. Literary Analyses

37. Rhetorical Analysis

38. Commentaries

39. Arguments

40. Proposals

41. Reports

42. Research Papers

PART 8: HANDBOOK

1. Sentences

2. Verbs

3. Pronouns

4. Style

5. Punctuation, Mechanics, and Spelling

Appendix: Readings Arranged by Theme

Credits

Index

PART 1: GETTING STARTED

1. Writing and Genres

What Are Genres?

Using Genres to Write Successfully

Writing with Genres

Genres Are Flexible

Genres Are Adaptable to Various Situations

Genres Evolve to Suit Various Fields

Genres Shape Situations and Readers

Genres Can Be Played With

Genres in Movies

Genres and the Writing Process

Using a Writing Process

Using Genres as a Guiding Concept

Transfer: Using Genres in College and in Your Career

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

2. Topic, Angle, Purpose

Topic:  What Am I Writing About?

Angle: What Is New About the Topic?

What Has Changed to Make This Topic Interesting Right Now?

What Unique Experiences, Expertise, or Knowledge Do I Have About This Topic?

Purpose: What Should I Accomplish?

Thesis Statement (Main Claim)

Informative Thesis

Argumentative Thesis

Question or Open-Ended Thesis

Implied Thesis

Choosing the Appropriate Genre

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

3. Readers, Contexts, and Rhetorical Situations

Profiling Readers

A Brief Reader Profile

Who Are My Readers?

What Are Their Expectations?

Where Will They Be Reading?

When Will They Be Reading?

Why Will They Be Reading?

How Will They Be Reading?

An Extended Reader Profile

What Are Their Needs?

What Are Their Values?

Personal Values

Customs of Their Society

Cultural Values

What Is Their Attitude Toward You and the Issue?

Analyzing the Context

Medium

Paper Documents

Electronic Documents

Public Presentations

Podcasts or Videos

Social and Political Influences

Social Trends

Economic Trends

Political Trends

Genres and the Rhetorical Situation

Angles

Purpose

Readers

Contexts

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

4. Reading Critically

Looking Through and Looking At a Text

Reading Critically: Seven Strategies

         Strategy 1: Preview the Text     

         Strategy 2: Play the Believing and Doubting Game

         Strategy 3: Annotate the Text

         Strategy 4: Analyze the Proofs in the Text

         Strategy 5: Contextualize the Text

         Strategy 6: Analyze Your Own Assumptions and Beliefs

         Strategy 7: Respond to the Text

Using Critical Reading to Strengthen Your Writing

         Responding to a Text: Evaluating What Others Have Written

Responding with a Text’s Positions, Terms, and Ideas: Using What Others Have Written

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

PART 2: USING GENRES TO EXPRESS IDEAS

5. Memoirs

At-A-Glance: Memoirs

One Student’s Work:  Helen Sanderson, “Diving In”

Inventing Your Memoir’s Content

Inquiring: Finding an Interesting Topic

Inquiring: Finding Out What You Already Know

Make a Map of the Scene

Record Your Story as a Podcast or Video

Storyboard the Event

Do Some Role Playing

Researching: Finding Out What Others Know

Online Sources

Print Sources

Empirical Sources

Organizing and Drafting Your Memoir

Setting the Scene in Rich Detail

The People

The Scenes

Dialogue

Main Point or Thesis

Describing the Complication

The Event

The Complication

The Immediate Reaction

Evaluating and Resolving the Complication

The Evaluation

The Resolution

Concluding with a Point—An Implied Thesis

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Evoking an Appropriate Tone or Voice

Using Dialogue

Use Dialogue to Move the Story Forward

Write the Way Your Characters Speak

Trim the Extra Words

Identify Who Is Talking

Create Unique Voices for Characters

Designing Your Memoir

Choose the Medium

Add Visuals, Especially Photos

Find a Place to Publish

Revising and Editing Your Memoir

Make Your Title Enticing

Craft the Perfect Lead

Reevaluate the Details and Cut the Fat

Microgenre: The Literacy Narrative

Frederick Douglass, “Learning to Read and Write”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

Jean Whatley, “My Ex Went to Prison for Sex Crimes”

Thaddeus Gunn, “Slapstick”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

6. Profiles

At-A-Glance: Profiles

One Student’s Work:  Katie Koch, “Brother, Life Coach, Friend”

Inventing Your Profile’s Content

Inquiring:  Finding Out What You Already Know

Answer the Five-W and How Questions

Use Cubing

Researching: Finding Out What Others Know

Online Sources

Print Sources

Empirical Sources

Interviewing

Shadowing

Organizing and Drafting Your Profile

The Introduction

Identify Your Topic and Purpose

State Your Main Point or Thesis

The Body

Describe Your Subject

Offer Background on the Subject

Use Anecdotes to Tell Stories

Reveal Important Information Through Dialogue or Quotes

The Conclusion

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Change the Pace

Choose Words That Set a Specific Tone

Get Into Character

Designing Your Profile

Use Headings

Add Photographs

Include Pull Quotes or Breakouts

Revising and Editing Your Profile

Trim the Details That Do Not Advance Your Point

Rethink the Organization

Proofread

Microgenre:  The Bio

Stephanie Wilson, NASA Astronaut

Quick Start Guide

Readings

Tim Madigan, “The Serial Rapist is Not Who You Think”

Eric Wills, “Hot for Creature”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

7. Reviews

At-A-Glance: Reviews

One Student’s Work: Christina Lieffring, “BBJ Lawnside Blues & BBQ”

Inventing Your Review’s Content

Inquiring: Discovering Common Expectations

Researching: Gathering Background Information

Answer the Five-W and How Questions

Locate Other Reviews of Your Subject

Interview or Survey Others

Prepare to Do Field Observations

Researching: Go Experience It

Organizing and Drafting Your Review

The Introduction

Identify Your Topic and Offer Background Information

State Your Purpose

State Your Main Point or Thesis

Description or Summary of the Subject

Chronological Description or Summary

Feature-by-Feature Description

Discussion of Strengths and Shortcomings

Conclusion

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Use Plenty of Detail

Set the Appropriate Tone

Changing the Pace

Designing Your Review

Choose the Appropriate Medium

Add Photographs, Audio, or Video Clips

Revising and Editing Your Review

Determine Whether Your Opinion Has Evolved

Review Your Expectations

Improve Your Tone

Edit and Proofread

Microgenre: The Rave

Haley Frederick, “Hunger Games: Catching Fire Review”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

Christy Lemire, “The Lego Movie”

Andy Greenwald, “Sherlock: Resurrection”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

8. Literary Analyses

At-A-Glance: Literary Analyses

One Student’s Work:  STUDENT NAME AND TITLE OF PIECE--TK

Inventing Your Literary Analysis’s Content

Read, Reread, Explore

Inquiring: What’s Interesting Here?

Explore the Genre

Explore the Complication or Conflict

Explore the Plot

Explore the Characters

Explore the Setting

Explore the Language and Tone

Researching: What Background Do You Need?

Research the Author

Research the Historical Setting

Research the Science

Organizing and Drafting Your Literary Analysis

The Introduction: Establish Your Interpretive Question

Include Background Information That Leads To Your Interpretive Question

State Your Interpretative Question Prominently and Clearly

Place Your Thesis at or Near the End of the Introduction

The Body: Summarize, Interpret, Support

Summarize and Describe Key Aspects of the Work

Build Your Case, Step by Step

Cite and Quote the Text to Back Up and Illustrate Your Points

Include Outside Support, Where Appropriate

The Conclusion: Restate Your Thesis

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Use the “Literary Present” Tense

Integrate Quoted Text

When You Quote, Tell Readers What You Want Them to Notice

Move Beyond Personal Response

Cast Interpretations as Speculative

Designing Your Literary Analysis

Revising and Editing Your Literary Analysis

Make Sure the Interpretative Question and Its Importance Are Clearly Stated

Check Your Main Claim, or What Your Interpretation Reveals About the Work

Check Whether Your Analysis Remains Focused on Your Interpretative Question and Main Claim

Make Sure You Cite, Quote, and Explain Specific Parts of the Literary Text

Verify That You Have Cited the Text Appropriately

Microgenre:  The Reading Response

A Student’s Reading Response to Paul Laurence Dunbar’s, “We Wear the Mask”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

Kate Chopin, “The Story of an Hour”

Daniel P. Deneau, “An Enigma in Chopin’s ‘The Story of an Hour’”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

9. Rhetorical Analyses

At-A-Glance:  Rhetorical Analyses

One Student’s Work:  Claire XXX, “Rhetorical Analysis of Match.com”

Inventing Your Rhetorical Analysis’s Content

Inquiring: Highlight Uses of Proofs

Logos: Highlighting Uses of Reason

Ethos: Highlighting Uses of Credibility

Pathos: Highlighting Uses of Emotion

Researching: Finding Background Information

Online Sources

Print Sources

Empirical Sources

Organizing and Drafting Your Rhetorical Analysis

The Introduction

Identify the Subject of Your Analysis and Offer Background Information

State the Purpose of Your Analysis

State Your Main Point or Thesis Statement

Stress the Importance of the Topic

Explanation of Rhetorical Concepts

Provide Historical Context and Summary

Historical Context

Summary

Analysis of the Text

The Conclusion

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Use Lots of Detail to Describe the Text

Minimize the Jargon and Difficult Words

Improve the Flow of Your Sentences

Pay Attention to Sentence Length

Designing Your Rhetorical Analysis

Download Images from the Internet

Add a Screen Shot

Include a Link to a Podcast

Make a Web Site

Revising and Editing Your Rhetorical Analysis

Recheck Definitions of the Rhetorical Concepts

Expand Your Analysis

Copyedit for Clarity

Read Your Work Out Loud

Microgenre:  The Ad Critique

Paloma Aleman, “The Axe Effect”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

Edward Hoagland, “The Courage of Turtles”

Adam Regn Arvidson, “Nature Writing in America: Criticism Through Imagery”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

10. Commentaries

At-A-Glance: Commentaries

One Student’s Work: David Meany,“Why My Generation Doesn’t Care About Performance 

     Enhancement”

Inventing You Commentary’s Content

         Inquiring: Finding Out What You Already Know

         Researching: Finding Out What Others Know

Organizing and Drafting Your Commentary

         The Introduction

         Explain the Current Event or Issue

         Support Your Position

         Clarify Your Position

         The Conclusion

    Choosing an Appropriate Style

         Get into Character

         Imitate a Well-Known Writer

         Match Your Tone to Your Readers’ Expectations

         Use Analogies, Similes, and Metaphors

Designing Your Commentary

Revising and Editing Your Commentary

Microgenre: Letter to the Editor

        Caroline Klinker, “ Letter to the Editor: Modern-Day Religious Climate on Campus is Detrimental”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

         Greg Hampikian, “When May I Shoot a Student?”

         Jim Valvano, “Don’t Ever Give Up”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

11. Arguments

At-A-Glance: Arguments

One Student’s Work: “Allowing Guns on Campus will Prevent Shootings, Rape” by Tyler Ohmann

Inventing Your Argument’s Content

         Inquiring: Identifying Your Topic

         Inquiring: Identifying Points of Contention

         Researching: Finding Out What Others Believe and Why

 Organizing and Drafting Your Argument

         The Introduction

         Summary and Limitations of Opposing Positions

         Your Understanding of the Issue

         Reasons Why Your Understanding is Stronger

         Conclusion

Choosing an Appropriate Style

         Use Plain Style to Describe the Opposing Position

         Use Similes, Metaphors, and Analogies When Describing Your Position

         Use Top-Down Paragraphs

         Define Unfamiliar Terms

Designing Your Argument

Revising and Editing Your Argument

Microgenre: The Rebuttal

        Marshall Connolly, “Global Warming Most Definitely Not a Hoax--A Scientist's Rebuttal” 

Quick Start Guide

Readings

        Ted Miller, “Should College Football Be Banned?”

        Kate Dailey, "Friends with Benefits: Do Facebook Friends Provide the Same Support As Those In Real

         Life?"

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

12. Proposals

At-A-Glance: Proposals

One Student Group’s Work: “SCC Café Proposal”

Inventing Your Proposal’s Content

         Inquiring: Defining the Problem

         Inquiring: Analyzing the Problem

         Researching: Gathering Information and Sources

         Inquiring: Planning to Solve the Problem

         Researching: Finding Similar Projects

Organizing and Drafting Your Proposal

         The Introduction

         Description of the Problem, Its Causes, and Its Effects

         Description of Your Plan

         Discussing the Costs and Benefits of Your Plan

         The Conclusion

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Designing Your Proposal

Revising and Editing Your Proposal

Microgenre: The Pitch

         Hans Fex, “Mini Museum”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

         Samuel Goldman, “How to Fix Grade Inflation at Harvard”

         Jim Rough, “A Rebirth of ‘We the People’”

Talk About This

Try This Out
Explore This

Write This

13. Analytical Reports

At-A-Glance: Reports

One Student Group’s Work: Kaisa Lee and Jamie Koss, “College Students’ Attitudes on the Causes of

         Infidelity”

Inventing Your Analytical Report’s Content

         Inquiring: Finding Out What You Already Know

         Researching: Creating a Research Plan

         Researching: Gathering Sources and Revisiting Your Hypothesis

Organizing and Drafting Your Analytical Report
         Executive Summary of Abstract

         Introduction

         Methods Section

         Findings or Results Section

         Discussion Section

         Conclusion/Recommendations

         References or Works Cited

         Appendices

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Designing Your Report

Revising and Editing Your Report

Microgenre: The Explainer

         World Freerunning Parkour Federation, “What is Parkour?”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

         Andrew Gelman and George A. Romero, “How Many Zombies Do You Know? Using Indirect

                  Survey Methods to Measure Alien Attacks and Outbreaks of the Undead”

         Pew Research Center, “The Rising Cost of Not Going to College”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

14. Research Papers

At-A-Glance: Research Papers

One Student’s Work: “Cheating in College: Where it Happens, Why Students Do It and How to Stop It”

      by Bryce Buchmann

Inventing Your Research Paper’s Content

         Inquiring: Defining Your Topic, Angle, Purpose

         Researching: Finding Out What Others Know

Organizing and Drafting Your Research Paper

         The Introduction

         The Body

         The Conclusion

         Works Cited or References

Choosing an Appropriate Style

Designing Your Research Paper

Revising and Editing Your Research Paper

Microgenre: The Annotated Bibliography

        Sara Rodriguez, “Annotated Bibliography: The Fog of Revolution”

Quick Start Guide

Readings

         Paul Rosenzweig et al, “Drone in U.S. Airspace: Principles for Governance”

         James Knoll, “Serial Murder: A Forensic Psychiatric Perspective”

Talk About This

Try This Out

Explore This

Write This

PART 3: DEVELOPING A WRITING PROCESS

15. Inventing Ideas and Prewriting

Prewriting

         Concept Mapping

         Freewriting

         Brainstorming or Listing

         Storyboarding

Using Heuristics
         Asking the Journalist’s Questions

         Using the Five Senses

         Investigating Logos, Ethos, Pathos

         Cubing

Exploratory Writing

         Journaling, Blogging, or Microblogging

         Writing an Exploratory Draft

         Exploring with Presentation Software

Taking Time to Invent and Prewrite

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

16. Organizing and Drafting

Sketching Out Your Paper’s Organization

         Using the Genre to Create a Basic Outline

         Filling Out Your Outline

Drafting Your Introduction

         Five Introductory Moves

         Using a Grabber to Start Your Introduction

         Using a Lead to Draw in the Readers

Drafting the Body of Your Paper

Overcoming Writer’s Block

Drafting Your Conclusion

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

17. Choosing A Style

Writing in Plain Style

         Guideline 1: Clarify Who or What the Sentence is About

         Guideline 2: Make the “Doer” the Subject of the Sentence

         Guideline 3: Put the Subject Early in the Sentence

         Guideline 4: State the Action in the Verb

         Guideline 5: Eliminate Nominalizations

         Guideline 6: Boil Down the Prepositional Phrases

         Guideline 7: Eliminate Redundancies

         Guideline 8: Use Sentences That Are Breathing Length

Establishing Your Voice

         Get Into Character

         Imitate Others

Writing Descriptively with Figures and Tropes

         Use Similes and Analogies

         Use Metaphors

         Use Personification

         Use Onomatopoeia

         Use Alliteration and Assonance

Improving Your Writing Style

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

18. Designing

Before You Begin Designing

Five Basic Principles of Design

Design Principle 1: Balance

         Balancing a Page

Design Principle 2: Alignment

Design Principle 3: Grouping

Design Principle 4: Consistency

         Choosing Typefaces

         Using Headings Consistently

Design Principle 5: Contrast

Using Photography and Images

         Downloading Photographs and Images from the Internet

         Labeling a Photograph or Image

Using Graphs and Charts

         Creating a Graph or Chart

         Choosing the Appropriate Graph or Chart

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

19. Revising and Editing

Level 1: Global Revision

         Challenge Your Draft’s Topic, Angle, and Purpose

         Think About Your Readers (Again) and the Context

Level 2: Substantive Editing

         Determine Whether You Have Enough Information (or Too Much)

         Reorganize Your Work to Better Use the Genre

         Look for Ways to Improve the Design

         Ask Someone Else to Read Your Work

Level 3: Copyediting

         Review Your Title and Headings

         Edit Paragraphs to Make Them Concise and Consistent

         Revise Sentences to Make Them Clearer

         Revise Sentences to Make Them More Descriptive

Level 4: Proofreading

         Read Your Writing Aloud

         Read Your Draft Backwards

         Read a Hard Copy of Your Work

         Know Your Grammatical Weaknesses

         Use Your Spell Checker and Grammar Checker

Peer Review: Asking for Advice

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

PART 4: STRATEGIES FOR SHAPING IDEAS

20. Developing Paragraphs and Sections

Creating a Basic Paragraph

         Transition or Transitional Sentence (Optional)

         Topic Sentence (Needed)

         Support Sentences (Needed)

         Point Sentence (Optional)

Getting Paragraphs to Flow (Cohesion)

         Subject Alignment in Paragraphs

         Given-New in Paragraphs

Organizing a Section

         Opening, Body, Closing

         Organizational Patterns for Sections

         Using Headings in Sections

Using Sections and Paragraphs Together

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

21. Using Basic Rhetorical Patterns

Narrative

Description

         Describing with the Senses

         Describing with Similes, Metaphors, and Onomatopoeia   

         Describing with a Mixture of the Senses and Tropes

Definition

Classification

         Step One: List Everything That Fits into the Whole Class

         Step Two: Decide on a Principle of Classification

         Step Three: Sort into Major and Minor Groups

Cause and Effect

Comparison and Contrast

Combining Rhetorical Patterns

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

22. Using Argumentative Strategies

What is Arguable?

         Arguable Claims

         Four Sources of Arguable Claims

Using Reason, Authority, and Emotion

         Reason (Logos)

         Authority (Ethos)

         Emotion (Pathos)

Avoiding Logical Fallacies

Rebuttals and Refutations

         Summarize Your Opponents’ Position Objectively

         Recognize When the Opposing Position May Be Valid

         Concede Some of the Opposing Points

         Refute or Absorb Your Opponents’ Major Points

         Qualify Your Claims

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

23. Collaborating and Peer Response

Working Successfully in Groups

Working Successfully in Teams

         Planning the Project

         Forming: Planning a Project

         Storming: Managing Conflict

         Norming: Getting Down to Work

         Performing: Working as a Team

Using Peer Response to Improve Your Writing

         Types of Peer Response and Document Cycling

         Responding Helpfully During Peer Response

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

PART 5: DOING RESEARCH

24. Starting Research

Starting Your Research Process

         Step One: Define Your Research Question

         Step Two: Develop a Working Thesis

         Step Three: Devise a Research Plan

Doing Start-Up Research

Assessing a Source’s Reliability

         Is the Source Credible?

         Is the Source Up to Date?

         How Biased Are the Author and the Publisher?

         How Biased Are You?

         Can You Verify the Evidence in the Source?

Managing Your Research Process

         Creating a Research Schedule

         Starting Your Bibliography File

Following and Modifying Your Research Plan

         When Things Don’t Go As Expected

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

25. Finding Sources and Collecting Evidence

Evaluating Sources with Triangulation

Using Primary and Secondary Sources

Finding Electronic and Online Sources

         Using Internet Search Engines

         Using the Internet Cautiously

         Using Documentaries and Television/Radio Broadcasts

         Using Wikis, Blogs, and Podcasts

Finding Print Sources

            Locating Books At Your Library

         Finding Articles At Your Library

Using Empirical Sources

         Interviewing People

         Using an Informal Survey

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

26. Citing, Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Sources

Citing

Quoting

         Brief Quotations

         Long Quotations

Paraphrasing and Summarizing

         Paraphrasing

         Summarizing

Framing Quotes, Paraphrases, and Summaries

Avoiding Plagiarism

         Academic Dishonesty

         Patchwriting

         Ideas and Words Taken Without Attribution

         The Real Problem with Plagiarism

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

27. Using MLA Style

Parenthetical Citations

         When the Author’s Name Appears in the Sentence

         Citing More Than One Source in the Same Sentence

         Citing a Source Multiple Times

         Other Parenthetical References

Preparing the List of Works Cited

         Including More Than One Source from an Author

         Formatting a List of Works Cited

Citing Sources in the List of Works Cited

         Citing Books and Other Nonperiodical Publications

         Citing Journals, Magazines, and Other Periodicals

         Citing Web Publications

         Citing Other Kinds of Sources

A Student’s MLA-Style Research Paper

         Brian Naidus, “A Whole New World: A Background on the Life of the Freshwater Shark”

28. Using APA Style

Parenthetical Citations
         When the Author’s Name Appears in the Sentence

         Citing More Than One Source in the Same Sentence

         Citing a Source Multiple Times

         Other Parenthetical References

Preparing the List of References

         Formatting a List of References in APA Style

Citing Sources in the List of References

         Citing Books and Other Nonperiodical Publications

         Citing Journals, Magazines, and Other Periodicals

         Citing Web Publications

         Citing Other Kinds of Sources

A Student’s APA-Style Research Paper

         Austin Duus, “Assortive Mating and Income Inequality”

PART 6: GETTING YOUR IDEAS OUT THERE

29. Writing with Social Networking

Is This Writing?

Creating a Social Networking Site

         Choose the Best Site for You

         Be Selective About Your “Friends”

         Add Regularly to Your Profile

Starting Your Own Blog

         Choose a Host Site for Your Blog

         Writing and Updating Your Blog

Writing Articles for Wikis

         Write the Article

         Add Your Article to the Wiki

Putting Videos and Podcasts on the Internet

         Create Your Own Video or Record Your Podcast

         Edit Your Work

         Upload Your Video or Podcast

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

30. Creating a Portfolio

Two Basic Kinds of Portfolios

Getting Started on Your Portfolio

Step One: Collecting Your Work

         Archiving for a Specific Course

         Archiving for Your College Career

         Archiving for Your Professional Career

Step Two: Selecting the Best Artifacts

Step Three: Reflecting on Your Work  

         Your Reflection as an Argument

Step Four: Presenting Your Materials

         Creating an E-Portfolio

Keeping Your Portfolio Up to Date

Creating a Starter Résumé

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

31. Succeeding on Written Exams and Assessment

Step One: Prepare for the Exam

         Work in Study Groups

         Ask Your Professor About the Exam

         Pay Attention to Themes and Key Concepts

         Study the Assessment Rubric or Scoring Guidelines

         Create Your Own Questions and Rehearse Possible Answers

Step Two: Start Your Written Exam

         Review the Exam Quickly to Gain an Overall Picture

         Budget Your Time

Step Three: Answer the Questions

         Organize Your Answer

Step Four: Complete the Written Exam

One Student’s Written Exam

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

32. Presenting Your Work

Step One: Plan Your Presentation

         Ask a Few Key Questions to Get Started

         Choose the Appropriate Presentation Technology

         Allot Your Time

Step Two: Organize Your Ideas

         Introduction: Tell Them What You’re Going to Tell Them

         The Body of Your Talk: Tell Them

         Conclusion: Tell Them What You Told Them

         Question and Answer

Step Three: Design Your Visual Aids

         Format Your Slides

Step Four: Prepare Your Delivery

         Body Language

         Voice and Tone

Step Five: Practice and Rehearse

         Practice, Practice, Practice

         Rehearse, Rehearse, Rehearse

Quick Start Guide

Talk About This

Try This Out

Write This

PART 7: ANTHOLOGY OF READINGS

33. Memoirs

Edward Abbey, “The First Morning”

Thomas Rogers, “The College Hazing That Changed My Life”

Demetria Martinez, “Lines in the Sand”

Jackie Robinson, “The Noble Experiment”

34. Profiles

Carl Wilkinson, “Dave Grohl and the Foo Fighters”

Jody L. Ipsen, “Prudencia”

Nathan Heller, “Lorde: The Music Phenomenon of the Year” (Parts 1 and 2)

City of Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks, General Information for Griffith Park

35. Reviews

Dan Schindel, “’Frozen’ Tries and Fails to be Both Traditional and Modern”

Stephen King, “Why We Crave Horror Movies”

Dorothy Woodend,  “Why Watching Christian Blockbuster ‘Noah’ Is Like Sitting in a Giant Bathtub”

Ryan Taljonick, “Tomb Raider: Definitive Edition”

36. Literary Analyses

Steven Monte, “An Overview of ‘Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening&rsqu

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