Rent 9780838403389 | The Writer's Harbrace Handbook: With Infotrac

Summary Table of Contents

Bringing fresh voices and insight to the compact yet comprehensive WRITER'S HARBRACE HANDBOOK, Second Edition, rhetorician Cheryl Glenn and linguist Loretta Gray provide this market-leading handbook with groundbreaking treatment of writing.

Preface

xvii

Writing

Reading and Writing Critically

(32)

... MORE

Reading and writing as processes

(3)

The rhetorical situation

(1)

Previewing a text

(3)

Distinguishing content from personal response

(5)

Engaging all elements of the rhetorical situation

(12)

Successful academic reading and writing

(3)

Taking advantage of academic support opportunities

(4)

Planning and Drafting Essays

(33)

Finding appropriate subjects and focusing them

(10)

Stating a thesis clearly

(6)

Arranging ideas

(5)

Drafting with well-developed paragraphs

(2)

Experimenting with different strategies for development

(7)

Writing a first draft

(2)

Revising and Editing Essays

(48)

Revision as process

(4)

Introductions, conclusions, and titles

(6)

Unified and coherent paragraphs

(9)

Transitions within and between paragraphs

(4)

Peer-reviewed draft and revised draft

(16)

Editing

107

(2)

Proofreading

109

(1)

The final draft

110

(5)

Writing under Pressure

115

(15)

Taking advantage of deadlines

116

(1)

Abbreviating the writing process

117

(2)

Managing writer's block

119

(2)

Preparing for essay examinations

121

(6)

Write under pressure in the workplace

127

(3)

E-writing

130

(27)

Composing for the Web

132

(12)

Electronic mail (email)

144

(3)

Online discussion groups and forums

147

(6)

Online media

153

(4)

E-designing

157

(21)

Visual elements of a Web site

159

(7)

Graphics (tables, charts, diagrams)

166

(5)

Format and the rhetorical purpose

171

(4)

Format and readability

175

(3)

Writing Arguments

178

(45)

Determining an argument's purpose

179

(3)

Establishing an arguable statement

182

(2)

Distinguishing between fact and opinion

184

(2)

Establishing a position or claim

186

(4)

Developing an effective argument

190

(5)

Using rhetorical appeals

195

(4)

Arranging an effective argument

199

(4)

Understanding logic

203

(7)

Recognizing rhetorical fallacies

210

(5)

Sample argument essay

215

(8)

Finding Sources Online, in Print, and in the Field

223

(25)

Understanding research needs and methods

224

(3)

Choosing a topic and framing a research question

227

(1)

Navigating the Web

228

(4)

Using library resources

232

(12)

Conducting field research

244

(4)

Evaluating Sources Online and in Print

248

(16)

Determining credibility of authors

248

(5)

Determining credibility of publishers

253

(3)

Evaluating Web sites and other online sources

256

(2)

Distinguishing bias from commitment

258

(3)

Recognizing relevant sources

261

(3)

Using Sources Responsibly

264

(18)

Understanding a research paper's purpose

264

(1)

Taking notes

265

(4)

Creating a working bibliography

269

(1)

Integrating sources

270

(7)

Avoiding plagiarism

277

(5)

Citing Sources and Submitting Final Papers

282

(109)

MLA-style documentation

284

(24)

MLA student paper

308

(16)

APA-style documentation

324

(10)

APA student paper

334

(16)

CMS documentation

350

(10)

CMS student paper

360

(12)

CSE/CBE-style documentation

372

(6)

CSE/CBE student paper

378

(3)

COS documentation

381

(10)

Writing Academic Discourse

391

(10)

How disciplines define evidence

391

(1)

How disciplines use evidence

392

(5)

Differences in language and style among disciplines

397

(1)

Discipline-specific formats and documents

398

(3)

Writing to Interpret Literature

401

(22)

Recognizing literary genres

401

(2)

Using specialized vocabulary

403

(4)

Critical approaches to literature

407

(4)

Purpose of literary interpretations

411

(1)

Reading carefully to write well

412

(4)

Following special conventions

416

(2)

Sample literature essay

418

(5)

Writing in the Social and Natural Sciences

423

(17)

Writing in the social sciences

424

(1)

Sample social science field report

425

(5)

Writing in the natural sciences

430

(2)

Sample natural science lab report

432

(8)

Writing in Business

440

(29)

Efficiency and business writing

440

(1)

Sample business plan

441

(9)

Sample resume

450

(3)

Sample letter of application

453

(2)

Sample grant proposal

455

(14)

Grammar

Sentence Essentials

469

(14)

Subjects and predicates

470

(2)

Verbs

472

(1)

Subjects and complements

473

(5)

Basic sentence patterns

478

(5)

Phrases and Clauses in Sentences

483

(20)

Phrases

484

(10)

Clauses

494

(6)

Sentence forms

500

(3)

Sentence Fragments

503

(10)

Revising phrases punctuated as sentences

507

(2)

Revising clauses punctuated as sentences

509

(2)

Using fragments intentionally

511

(2)

Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

513

(15)

Recognizing comma splices and fused sentences

515

(3)

Revising comma splices and fused sentences

518

(4)

Revising with transitional words and phrases

522

(4)

Dividing quotations

526

(2)

Modifiers

528

(17)

Adjectives

529

(3)

Adverbs

532

(3)

Degrees of comparison

535

(3)

Nouns or word groups as modifiers

538

(1)

Correct placement of modifiers

539

(1)

Awkward or ambiguous modifiers

540

(2)

The double negative

542

(3)

Pronouns

545

(21)

Kinds of pronouns

546

(3)

Subjective, objective, and possessive cases

549

(2)

Clause as determiner of pronoun case

551

(7)

Pronoun-antecedent agreement

558

(4)

Pronoun references

562

(4)

Verbs

566

(36)

Verb forms

566

(10)

Verb tenses

576

(10)

Voice

586

(3)

Mood

589

(4)

Subject-verb agreement

593

(9)

Effective Sentences

Sentence Unity

602

(10)

Relating ideas clearly

602

(1)

Choosing and arranging details

603

(2)

Avoiding mixed metaphors and mixed constructions

605

(1)

Making subject and predicate relate logically

606

(1)

Adding necessary articles, conjunctions, and prepositions

606

(3)

Including all necessary verbs and auxiliaries

609

(1)

Making complete comparisons

610

(1)

Completing intensifiers

610

(2)

Subordination and Coordination

612

(9)

Subordinating to combine short sentences

611

(4)

Subordinating and coordinating to relate clauses

615

(3)

Avoiding faulty or excessive subordination

618

(3)

Parallelism

621

(7)

Balancing similar grammatical elements

622

(1)

Clarifying relationships within a sentence

623

(1)

Linking two or more sentences

623

(1)

Using correlative conjunctions

624

(1)

Emphasizing key ideas

625

(3)

Emphasis

628

(10)

Placing words at the beginning or end of a sentence

628

(2)

Using periodic sentences

630

(1)

Arranging ideas from least to most important

630

(2)

Using active, forceful verbs

632

(2)

Repeating important words

634

(1)

Inverting word order

634

(2)

Balancing constructions

636

(1)

Varying sentence lengths

636

(2)

Variety

638

(12)

Revising short, choppy sentences

640

(1)

Revising monotonous sentence openings

641

(2)

Varying the structure of compound sentences

643

(2)

Separating subjects and verbs

645

(1)

Using questions, commands, and exclamations

645

(5)

Diction

Good Usage

650

(17)

Usage and the rhetorical situation

650

(1)

Writing in a clear, straightforward style

651

(1)

Appropriate word choice

652

(3)

Inclusive (nonprejudiced) Language

655

(5)

Benefits of dictionaries

660

(5)

Using a thesaurus

665

(2)

Exactness

667

(12)

Choosing accurate words

669

(3)

Using fresh expressions

672

(2)

Understanding idioms

674

(1)

Using first and second person effectively

675

(2)

Providing clear definitions

677

(2)

Conciseness

679

(7)

Making every word count

679

(3)

Eliminating needless words

682

(1)

Avoiding unnecessary repetition

683

(1)

Using pronouns and elliptical constructions

683

(3)

Punctuation

The Comma

686

(15)

Before coordinating conjunctions linking independent clauses

687

(2)

After introductory words, phrases, or clauses

689

(2)

Separating parallel elements

691

(2)

With nonessential (nonrestrictive) elements

693

(3)

With parenthetical elements

696

(1)

For ease in reading

697

(2)

Unnecessary or misplaced commas

699

(2)

The Semicolon

701

(5)

Connecting independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction

701

(2)

Separating elements that contain commas

703

(1)

Misuse with unequal grammatical elements

704

(2)

The Apostrophe

706

(8)

Indicating ownership and other relationships

706

(5)

Marking omissions of Letters or numbers

711

(1)

Forming certain plurals

712

(2)

Quotation Marks

714

(7)

With direct quotations, including dialogue

714

(3)

With titles of short works

717

(1)

For tone or emphasis of specific words

717

(1)

With other punctuation marks

718

(3)

The Period and Other Punctuation Marks

721

(15)

The period

722

(1)

The question mark

723

(1)

The exclamation point

724

(1)

The colon

725

(2)

The dash

727

(1)

Parentheses

728

(1)

Square brackets

729

(1)

Ellipsis points

730

(2)

The slash

732

(4)

Mechanics

Spelling, the Spell Checker, and Hyphenation

736

(12)

Using a spell checker

737

(1)

Spelling and pronunciation

738

(1)

Spelling words that sound alike

739

(2)

Prefixes and suffixes

741

(3)

Confusion of ei and ie

744

(1)

Hyphenation

744

(4)

Capitals

748

(9)

For proper names, their abbreviations, and acronyms

749

(3)

For titles that precede people's names

752

(1)

For the first, last, and all major words in titles

753

(1)

For the first word of sentences and directly quoted speech

754

(1)

Unnecessary capitals

754

(3)

Italics

757

(6)

For titles of separate works

758

(1)

For foreign words

759

(1)

For names of legal cases

760

(1)

For names of specific ships, submarines, aircraft, spacecraft, and satellites

760

(1)

For words, letters, or figures referred to as such

760

(1)

For emphasis

761

(2)

Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Numbers

763

(10)

Abbreviations before and after proper names

763

(1)

Abbreviations in addresses

764

(1)

Abbreviations in citations of research sources

765

(1)

Abbreviations as substitutes for certain words

766

(2)

Acronyms

768

(1)

Spelling out numbers

769

(1)

Special usage of numbers

770

(3)

Glossary of Usage

773

(24)

Glossary of Terms

797

(22)

Credits

819

(2)

English as a World Language Index

821

(4)

Index

825

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