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University Physics

by: Reese,Ronald Lane

University Physics

by: Reese,Ronald Lane

ISBN 13:
9780534369613
ISBN 10:
0534369618
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 04/14/1999
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Summary

Reese writes a text that embraces the spirit of many reform goals, such as better integration of modern physics topics, a stronger emphasis on conceptual understanding, and an attention to different learning styles. Most importantly, however, Reese write

Preludes
Nature and Mathematics: Physics as Natural Philosophy
Contemporary Physics: Classical and Modern
Standards for Measurement
Units of Convenience and Unit Conversions
The Meaning of the Word Dimension
The Various Meanings of the Equal Sign
Estimation and Order of Magnitude
The Distinction Between Precision and Accuracy
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
A Mathematical Toolbox: An Introduction to Vector Analysis
Scalar and Vector Quantities
Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
Parallel Transport of Vectors
Vector Addition by Geometric Methods: Tail-to-Tip Method
Determining Whether a Quantity is a Vector
Vector Difference by Geometric Methods
The Scalar Product of Two Vectors
The Cartesian Coordinate System and the Cartesian Unit Vectors
The Cartesian Representation of Any Vector
Multiplication of a Vector Expressed in Cartesian Form by a Scalar
Expressing Vector Addition and Subtraction in Cartesian Form
The Scalar Product of Two Vectors Expressed in Cartesian Form
Determining the Angle Between Two Vectors Expressed in Cartesian Form
Equality of Two Vectors
Vector Equations
The Vector Product of Two Vectors
The Vector Product of Two Vectors Expressed in Cartesian Form
Variation of a Vector
Some Aspects of Vector Calculus
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Kinematics I: Rectilinear Motion
Rectilinear Motion
Position and Changes in Position
Average Speed and Average Velocity
Instantaneous Speed and Instantaneous Velocity
Average Acceleration
Instantaneous Acceleration
Rectilinear Motion with a Constant Acceleration
Geometric Interpretations
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Kinematics II: Motion in Two and Three Dimensions
The Position, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors in Two Dimensions
Two-Dimensional Motion with a Constant Acceleration
Motion in Three Dimensions
Relative Velocity Addition and Accelerations
Uniform Circular Motion: A First Look
The Angular Velocity Vector
The Geometry and Coordinates for Describing Circular Motion
The Position Vector for Circular Motion
The Velocity and Angular Velocity in Circular Motion
Uniform Circular Motion Revisited
Nonuniform Circular Motion and the Angular Acceleration
Nonuniform Circular Motion with a Constant Angular Acceleration
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Newton's Laws of Motion
Fundamental Particles
The Fundamental Forces of Nature
Newton's First Law of Motion and a Qualitative Conception of Force
The Concept of Force and Its Measurement
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Limitations to Applying Newton's Laws of Motion
Inertial Reference Frames: Do They Really Exist?
Second Law and Third Law Force Diagrams
Weight and the Normal Force of a Surface
Tension in Ropes, Strings, or Cables
Static Friction
Kinetic Friction at Low Speeds
Kinetic Friction Proportional to the Particle Speed
Fundamental Forces and Other Forces Revisited
Noninertial Reference Frames
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
The Gravitational Force and the Gravitational Field
How Did Newton Deduce the Gravitational Force Law?
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Gravitational Force of a Uniform Spherical Shell on a Particle
Gravitational Force of a Uniform Sphere on a Particle
Measuring the Mass of the Earth
Artificial Satellites of the Earth
Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion and the Geometry of Ellipses
Spatial Average Position of a Planet in an Elliptical Orbit
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion
Central Forces, Orbital Angular Momentum, and Kepler's Second Law
Newton's Form for Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion
Customized Units
The Gravitational Field
The Flux of a Vector
Gauss's Law for the Gravitational Field
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Hooke's Force Law and Simple Harmonic Oscillation
Hooke's Force Law
Simple Harmonic Oscillation
A Vertically Oriented Spring
Connection Between Simple Harmonic Oscillation and Uniform Circular Motion
How to Determine Whether an Oscillatory Motion is Simple Harmonic Motion
The Simple Pendulum
Through a Fictional Earth in 42 Minutes
Damped Oscillations
Forced Oscillations and Resonance
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Work, Energy, and The CWE Theorem
Motivation for Introducing the Concepts of Work and Energy
The Work Done by Any Force
The Work Done by a Constant Force
The Work Done by the Total Force
Geometric Interpretation of the Work Done by a Force
Conservative, Nonconservative, and Zero-Work Forces
Examples of Conservative, Nonconservative, and Zero-Work Forces
The Concept of Potential Energy
The Gravitational Potential Energy of a System near the Surface of the Earth
The General Form for the Gravitational Potential Energy
The Relationship Between the Local Form for the Gravitational Potential Energy and the More General Form
The Potential Energy Function Associated with Hooke's Force Law
The CWE Theorem
The Escape Speed
Black Holes
Limitations of the CWE Theorem: Two Paradoxical Examples
The Simple Harmonic Oscillator Revisited
The Average and Instantaneous Power of a Force
The Power of the Total Force Acting on a System
Motion Under the Influence of Conservative Forces Only: Energy Diagrams
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fImpulse, Momentum, and Collisions
Momentum and Newton's Second Law of Motion
Impulse-Momentum Theorem
The Rocket: A System with Variable Mass
Conservation of Momentum
Collisions
Disintegrations and Explosions
The Centripetal Acceleration Revisited
An Alternative Way to Look at Force Transmission
The Center of Mass
Dynamics of a System of Particles
Kinetic Energy of a System of Particles
The Velocity of the Center of Mass for Collisions
The Center of Mass Reference Frame
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fSpin and Orbital Motion
The Distinction Between Spin and Orbital Motion
The Orbital Angular Momentum of a Particle
The Circular Orbital Motion of a Single Particle
Noncircular Orbital Motion
Rigid Bodies and Symmetry Axes
Spin Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body
The Time Rate of Change of the Spin Angular Momentum
The Moment of Inertia of Various Rigid Bodies
The Kinetic Energy of a Spinning System
Spin Distorts the Shape of the Earth
The Precession of a Rapidly Spinning Top
The Precession of the Spinning Earth
Simultaneous Spin and Orbital Motion
Synchronous Rotation and the Parallel Axis Theorem
Rolling Motion Without Slipping
Wheels
Total Angular Momentum and Torque
Conservation of Angular Momentum
Conditions for Static Equilibrium
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fSolids and Fluids
States of Matter
Stress, Strain, and Young's Modulus for Solids
Fluid Pressure
Static Fluids
Pascal's Principle
Archimedes' Principle
The Center of Buoyancy
Surface Tension
Capillary Action
Fluid Dynamics: Ideal Fluids
Equation of Flow Continuity
Bernoulli's Principle for Incompressible Ideal Fluids
Nonideal Fluids
Viscous Flow
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fWaves
What is a Wave?
Longitudinal and Transverse Waves
Wavefunctions, Waveforms, and Oscillations
Waves Propagating in One, Two, and Three Dimensions
One-Dimensional Waves Moving at Constant Velocity
The Classical Wave Equation for One-Dimensional Waves
Periodic Waves
Sinusoidal (Harmonic) Waves
Waves on a String
Reflection and Transmission of Waves
Energy Transport Via Mechanical Waves
Wave Intensity
What is a Sound Wave?
Sound Intensity and Sound Level
The Acoustic Doppler Effect
Shock Waves
Diffraction of Waves
The Principle of Superposition
Standing Waves
Wave Groups and Beats
Fourier Analysis and the Uncertainty Principles
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fTemperature, Heat Transfer, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Simple Thermodynamic Systems
Temperature
Work, Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Thermometers and Temperature Scales
Temperature Conversions Between the Fahrenheit and Celsius Scales
Thermal Effects in Solids and Liquids: Size
Thermal Effects in Ideal Gases
Calorimetry
Reservoirs
Mechanisms for Heat Transfer
Thermodynamic Processes
Energy Conservation: The First Law of Thermodynamics and the CWE Theorem
The Connection Between the CWE Theorem and the General Statement of Energy Conservation
Work Done by a System on Its Surroundings
Work Done by a Gas Taken Around a Cycle
Applying the First Law of Thermodynamics: Changes of State
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fKinetic Theory
Background for the Kinetic Theory of Gases
The Ideal Gas Approximation
The Pressure of an Ideal Gas
The Meaning of the Absolute Temperature
The Internal Energy of an Monatomic Ideal Gas
The Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas
Complications Arise for Diatomic and Polyatomic Gases
Degrees of Freedom and the Equipartition of Energy Theorem
Specific Heat of a Solid
Some Failures of Classical Kinetic Theory
Quantum Mechanical Effects
An Adiabatic Process for an Ideal Gas
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
fThe Second Law of Thermodynamics
Why Do Some Things Happen, While Others Do Not?
Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Carnot Heat Engine and Its Efficiency
Absolute Zero and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
Refrigerator Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Carnot Refrigerator Engine
The Efficiency of Real Heat Engines and Refrigerator Engines
A New Concept: Entropy
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Direction of Heat Transfer: A Consequence of the Second Law
A Statistical Interpretation of the Entropy
Entropy Maximization and the Arrow of Time
Extensive and Intensive State Variables
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Electric Charges, Electrical Forces, and the Electric Field
The Discovery of Electrification
Polarization and Induction
Coulomb's Force Law for Pointlike Charges: The Quantification of Charge
Charge Quantization
The Electric Field of Static Charges
The Electric Field of a Pointlike Charge Distributions
A Way to Visualize the Electric Field: Electric Field Lines
A Common Molecular Charge Distribution: The Electric Dipole
The Electric Field of Continuous Distributions of Charge
Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Electric Field: An Electrical Projectile
Gauss's Law for Electric Fields
Calculating the Magnitude of the Electric Field Using Gauss's Law
Conductors
Other Electrical Materials
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential
Electrical Potential Energy and the Electric Potential
The Electric Potential of a Pointlike Charge
The Electrical Potential of a Collection of Pointlike Charges
The Electric Potential of Continuous Charge Distributions of Finite Size
Equipotential Volumes and Surfaces
The Relationship Between the Electric Potential and the Electric Field
Acceleration of Charged Particles Under the Influence of Electrical Forces
A New Energy Unit: The Electron-Volt
An Electric Dipole in an External Electric Field Revisited
The Electric Potential and Electric Field of a Dipole
The Potential Energy of a Distribution of Pointlike Charges
Lightning Rods
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Circuit Elements, Independent Voltage Sources, and Capacitors
Terminology, Notation, and Conventions
Circuit Elements
An Independent Voltage Source: A Source of Emf
Connections of Circuit Elements
Independent Voltage Sources in Series and Parallel
Capacitors
Series and Parallel Combinations of Capacitors
Energy Stored in a Capacitor
Electrostatics in Insulating Material Media
Capacitors and Dielectrics
Dielectric Breakdown (Optional)
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Electric Current, Resistance, and DC Circuit Analysis
The Concept of Electric Current
Electric Current
The Pi?ce de R?sistance: Resistance and Ohm's Law
Resistance Thermometers
Characteristic Curves
Series and Parallel Connections Revisited
Resistors in Series and Parallel
Electric Power
Electrical Networks and Circuits
Electronics
Kirchoff's Laws for Circuit Analysis
Electric Shock Hazards
A Model for a Real Battery
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
Basic Electronic Instruments: Voltmeters, Ammeters, and Ohmmeters
An Introduction to Transients in Circuits: A Series RC Circuit
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Magnetic Forces and the Magnetic Field
The Magnetic Field
Applications
Magnetic Forces on Currents
Work Done by Magnetic Forces
Torque on a Current Loop in a Magnetic Field
The Biot-Savart Law
Forces of Parallel Currents on Each Other and the Definition of the Ampere
Gauss's Law for the Magnetic Field
Magnetic Poles and Current Loops
Ampere's Law
The Displacement Current and the Ampere-Maxwell Law
Magnetic Materials
The Magnetic Field of the Earth
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
Lenz's Law
An AC Generator
Summary of Maxwell's Equations of Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic Waves
Self-Inductance
Series and Parallel Combinations of Inductors
A Series LR Circuit
Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field
A Parallel LC Circuit
Mutual Inductance
An Ideal Transformer
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Sinusoidal AC Circuit Analysis
Representations of a Complex Variable
Arithmetic Operations with Complex Variables
Complex Potential Differences and Currents: Phasors
The Potential Difference and Current Phasors for Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors
Series and Parallel Combinations of Impedances
Complex Independent ac Voltage Sources
Power Absorbed by Circuit Elements in ac Circuits
A Filter Circuit
A Series RLC Circuit
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Geometric Optics
The Domains of Optics
The Inverse Square Law for Light
The Law of Reflection
The Law of Refraction
Total Internal Reflection
Dispersion
Rainbows
Objects and Images
The Cartesian Sign Convention
Image Formation by Spherical and Plane Mirrors
Ray Diagrams for Mirrors
Refraction at a Single Spherical Surface
Thin Lenses
Ray Diagrams for Thin Lenses
Optical Instruments
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Physical Optics
Existence of Light Waves
Interference
Young's Double Slit Experiment
Single Slit Diffraction
Diffraction by a Circular Aperture
Resolution
The Double Slit Revisited
Multiple Slits: The Diffraction Grating
Resolution and Angular Dispersion of a Diffraction Grating
The Index of Refraction and the Speed of Light
Thin-Film Interference
Polarized Light
Polarization by Absorption
Malus's Law
Polarization by Reflection: Brewster's Law
Polarization by Double Refraction
Polarization by Scattering
Rayleigh and Mie Scattering
Optical Activity
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
The Special Theory of Relativity
Reference Frames
Classical Galilean Relativity
The Need for Change and the Postulates of the Special Theory
Time Dilation
Lengths Perpendicular to the Direction of Motion
Lengths Oriented Along the Direction of Motion: Length Contraction
The Lorentz Transformation Equations
The Relativity of Simultaneity
A Relativistic Centipede
A Relativistic Paradox and Its Resolution
Relativistic Velocity Addition
Cosmic Jets and the Optical Illusion of Superluminal Speeds
The Longitudinal Doppler Effect
The Transverse Doppler Effect
A General Equation for the Relativistic Doppler Effect
Relativistic Momentum
The CWE Theorem Revisited
Implications of the Equivalence Between Mass and Energy
Space-Time Diagrams
Electromagnetic Implications of the Special Theory
The General Theory of Relativity
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
An Aperitif: Modern Physics
The Discovery of the Electron
The Discovery of X-Rays
The Discovery of Radioactivity
The Appearance of Planck's Constant h
The Photoelectric Effect
The Quest for an Atomic Model: Plum Pudding
The Bohr Model of a Hydrogenic Atom
The Bohr Correspondence Principle
A Bohr Model of the Solar System?
Problems with the Bohr Model
Radioactivity Revisited
Carbon Dating
Radiation Units, Dose, and Exposure
The Momentum of a Photon
The de Broglie Hypothesis
Chapter Summary
Summary of Problem-Solving Tactics
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
An Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principles
Implications of the Position-Momentum Uncertainty Principle
Implications of the Energy-Time Uncertainty Principle
Observation and Measurement
Particle-Waves and the Wavefunction
Operators
The Schr?dinger Equation
Chapter Summary
Questions
Problems
Investigative Projects
Epilogue
Proofs of the Gravitational Shell Theorems
A Mass Within A Uniform Spherical Shell
A Mass Outside a Uniform Spherical Shell
Answers to Problems
Quotations Index
Reference Index
General Index
Credits
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University Physics

University Physics

9780534369613

0534369618

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

University Physics

University Physics

9780534369613

0534369618

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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