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Preface
Assessing Websites
Chapter 1 The Maltreatment of Children from a Historical Perspective
Children as Property
Issues of Life and DeathChild Labor
Issues of Dependence
Issues... MORE
Sexual Values, Attitudes, and Exploitation
Early HistoryThe Incest Taboo
The Nineteenth Century
The Twentieth Century
HistoryRecent History of Helping the Abused and Neglected Child
Reasons for Taboo
Legal and Social Prohibition
Further Efforts on Behalf of ChildrenChild Protection Today
Professional Awareness and Response to the Movement to Protect Children and Families
Current FrameworkSummary
The Role of Child Protective Services
Child Rearing, Maltreatment, and Public Opinion
Review Questions
Endnotes
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 2 The Family: Roles, Responsibilities, and Rights
The Definition and Function of the Family
The Family as a System
Subsystems and BoundariesMinority Family Systems
Roles
Communication
Bonding and Attachment
Rituals
African American FamiliesFamily Problems and Dysfunction
Hispanic American Families
Asian and Pacific Island Families
Native American Families
The Family and Child Maltreatment
Parents' Rights
Children's Rights
Impact on the Child Protection Movement
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 3 Maltreatment and the Developing Child
Developmental Stages
Pregnancy and Birth
Birth to One Year
One to Four Years
Four to Eight Years
Eight to Twelve Years
AdolescenceDevelopment, Maltreatment and Resiliency
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 4 The Neglect of Children
The Neglect of the Concept of Neglect
Definition and Measurement of Neglect
Causes of Neglect
Economic CausesProblems in Intervention
Ecological Causes
Societal Causes
Individual Causes
Neglected Children
Symptoms and Effects of NeglectNeglectful Parents
Efforts to Explain the Behavior of Neglectful ParentsSummary
Substance-Abusing Families
Domestic Violence and Neglect
Plight of the Parent and the Social Worker
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 5 The Physical Abuse of Children
Causes of Physical Abuse
Interactional VariablesRisk Assessment and Physical Abuse
Environmental/Life Stress Variables
Social/Cultural/Economic Variables
Child Risk FactorsSymptoms of Physical Abuse
Parental Risk Factors
Family System Risk Factors
Physical SymptomsAbusive Parents
Behavioral Indications of Abuse
Parents' Unlearned Tasks from ChildhoodDomestic Violence and Other Abuse within the Family
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
Abusive Parents and Adolescents
Domestic ViolenceSummary
Abuse by Siblings
Review Questions
Endnote
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 6 The Sexual Abuse of Children
Two Groups' Approaches to Child Sexual Abuse
Child Protection MovementDefinition of Child Sexual Abuse
Feminist Movement
Types of Sexual Abuse
Intrafamilial AbuseThe Progression of Sexual Abuse
Extrafamilial AbuseEngagement PhasesIncidence of Sexual Abuse
Sexual Interaction and Secrecy Phases
Disclosure Phase
Suppression PhaseStudies of AbuseProfile of the Abused Child
Influence of Reporting on Statistics
False Allegations Movement
Children at RiskDegree of Trauma
Female Victims
Male Victims
Profile of the Perpetrator
Multifactor TheoriesWho Become Perpetrators?
Single-Factor Theories
Process Models
Female AbusersSummary
Juvenile Sexual Offenders
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 7 Incest: Familial Abuse
Incest as a Problem Today
Societal Contributions to Incest
Father-Daughter Incest
Family PatternsFather-Son Incest
Profiles of the Family
Family DynamicsMother-Daughter Incest
Effects of Father-Son Incest
Family DynamicsMother-Son Incest
Effects of Mother-Daughter Incest
Family DynamicsBrother-Sister Incest
Effects of Mother-Son Incest
Family Dynamics
Effects of Brother-Sister IncestHomosexual Sibling Incest
Incest with Uncles, Grandfathers, and Cousins
Why Incest Stops
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 8 Extrafamilial Sexual Abuse, Misuse, and Exploitation
Dynamics and Characteristics of Sexual Abuse outside the Family
Pedophilia
Pederasty
Sexual Abuse by Clergy
Motivation of PerpetratorsSexual Abuse in Day-Care Settings
Crisis in the Catholic Church
Impact on Victims
Addressing Clerical Perpetrators
Types of Day-Care AbuseSex Rings
Reactions and Resulting Changes
Child Pornography, Sexual Deviance and the Internet
Child Pornography
Possessors of Child Pornography
Children at Risk
Child Prostitution
Profiles of ProstitutesMissing Children
Summary
Endnote
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 9 Psychological Maltreatment of Children
Psychological Maltreatment Defined
The Roots of Psychological Maltreatment
Characteristics of the Psychologically Maltreated Child
Family Dynamics
Difficulty in Detecting and Treating Psychological AbuseRitualistic Abuse
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 10 Intervention: Reporting and Investigation
Culturally Sensitive Intervention
The Intervention Process
Reporting
Investigating and Validating
Home VisitingAssessing Risk and Protective Factors
ChildrenAssessing Causes and Services
Caregivers
Perpetrators
Incidence and Environment
Handling Emergencies
Assessment Interviewing
Interviewing AdultsSummary
Interviewing Children
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 11 Intervention: Case Management and Roles of Other Professionals
Case Management Considerations
Family ReactionsOther Professionals Involved in the Intervention Process
Custody of the Children
The Medical Team
The Legal Team
The Educational Team
The Mental Health Team
The Community
Clergy and Church Staff
Toward a Total Team Approach
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 12 The Legal Response to Child Abuse and Neglect
The Legal Rights of Parents and Children
Types of Court Intervention
Juvenile CourtSex Offender Registration
Advantages and Disadvantages of Juvenile Court
Criminal Court
The Impact of Court on Children
The Media and the Court
Summary
Review QuestionsEndnote
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 13 Treatment: Physical Abuse and Neglect
Preparing to Provide Treatment
Providing Treatment
Client Resistance
Client Response
Eligibility CriteriaLimited Community Resources
Treatment Methods
Who Provides Treatment?
PhasesFamily-Centered Services
Shared Family CareTreatment of Physically Abusive Families
Treatment of the Abused Child
Treatment of the Parents
Improving Parent-Child Relationships
Treatment of the SiblingsTreatment of Neglectful Families
Equilibrium Maintenance
Disequilibrium Techniques
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 14 Treatment: Sexual Abuse
Issues Surrounding Treatment
Assumptions about the Treatment of the Sexually Abusive FamilyTreatment Models
Child Sexual Abuse Treatment ProgramsTreatment Methods
Issues Addressed in Family Treatment
Phases of TreatmentTreatment of Specific Family Members
The Child and Adolescent
The Mother or Nonabusing Parent
The PerpetratorTreatment of Juvenile Offenders
Preservation of Incestuous Families
Parents of Children Abused Outside the HomeSummary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 15 Foster Care as a Therapeutic Tool
Problems with Foster Care
Alternatives to Foster Care
Therapeutic Potential in Foster Care
The Role and Importance of the Natural Parents
The Role of Foster Parents
Other Placement for Abused or Neglected Children
Residential TreatmentSummary
Adoptive Placement
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 16 The Social Worker and the System
A Day in the Life of a Protective Worker
The Role of a Protective Social Worker
Qualifications and Skills
Personal Traits
Responsibilities
Frustrations and Pressures
Does the System Work?
Looking toward the Future
Surviving in an Imperfect SystemSummary
Developing Cultural Awareness and Competence
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 17 Adults Abused as Children
Society's Misconceptions
Myth #1Reasons for Adults' Disclosure
Myth #2
Myth #3
RelationshipsResidual Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect
Pressures of Adulthood
Loss, Depression, or TraumaEffects from the Neglecting Family
TrustEffects from the Physically Abusing Family
Anger
Relational Imbalances
Low Self-Esteem
Impaired Social Skills
Substance Abuse
Physical Problems
Trust
AngerRelational Imbalances
Low Self-EsteemCoping Skills
Long-Term Effects of Domestic Violence
Effects from a Sexually Abusing Family
Betrayal
Traumatic Sexualization
Stigmatization and Self-Esteem
Powerlessness
Anger
Relational Imbalances
Multiple VictimizationEffects from Extrafamilial Abuse
A Word about ResiliencyTreatment of Adults Who Were Abused as Children
Repressed Memories
Individual TherapyGroup Therapy
Self-Help Groups
Writers' Groups
Legal ActionsTherapist's Responses to Working with Survivors
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 18 Prevention
Child Empowerment Models
Prevention Efforts in SchoolsParent Education Models
Life Skills Training
Preparation for Parenthood
Self-Protection Training
Educational Services for the Community
Help for At-Risk Families
Evaluating Home Visitation Programs
Parent/Child Screening and Prevention
Cuturally Sensitive Prevention
Prevention Efforts by Professionals
Prevention Efforts within the Community and Nationally
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 19 Toward a Better Tomorrow
Society, Change, and Child Protection
Rethinking Child Protection
Creating a Unified Response
Looking within, between, and beyond Agencies
Changes in Society
Reversing the Trend toward Socially Impoverished Families
Supporting ParentingRealigning Societal Values
What will the Future Hold?
Research Needs
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References