Bringing together the leading international researchers in the field, this decisive reference explains the fundamentals and applications, covering all the information needed to make solids from melts with defined properties -- on earth and in space, such as on the International Space Station. The unique combination of experiments and theory gives readers a comprehensive overview of the solidification processes of metallic melts processed and undercooled containerlessly by drop tube, electromagnetic and electrostatic levitation, and in reduced gravity. The experiments are accompanied by model calculations of the thermo- and hydrodynamics, as well as the crystal growth and nucleation mechanisms before and during solidification, thus helping to improve the processing techniques and performance of metallic construction materials.