Rent 9780618133833 | Readings in Ancient History : Thought and Experience from Gilgamesh to St. Augustine

Summary Table of Contents

This primary source reader covers the entire span of ancient history, providing helpful editorial material and carefully selected sources to promote student learning. The selections in this text encourage critical thinking through an examination of parallel developments across ancient civilizations during the same historical periods.

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Contents
Near Eastern Civilizations
The Epic of Gilgamesh: The Sumerian Heroic Age
The Epic of the Flood: The Babylonian Noah
The Reforms of Urukagina: "He established freedom"
The Shamash Hymn: Moral Religion and Social Justice
The Laws of Hammurabi: "To further the welfare of the people"
The Instruction of Ptah-hotep: Early Material Values in Egypt
Unas Pyramid Incantations: The afterlife of a Pharaoh
Hymn to the Aton: Religious Reform and Monotheism
An Egyptian-Hittite Treaty: Imperialism and International Diplomacy
Sea Peoples' Inscriptions: Egypt and Its Neighbors Under Ramses III
Ramses III Issuing Equipment to His Troops for the Campaign Against the Sea Peoples
Ramses III on the March to Zahi Against the Sea Peoples
Ramses III in Battle with the Land Forces of the Sea Peoples
Work Songs from Ancient Egypt: Voices of Ordinary Men and Women
Prism of Sennacherib: An Assyrian King's Wars
The Old Testament: Hebrew Views on God and on History
Earliest Relations Between Humans and God
Hebrew Origins: The Patriarchs
Bondage and Deliverance
The Sinai Covenant
The Song of Deborah: "So perish all thine enemies, O Lord!"
The People Demand a King: "To govern us like all the nations"
The United Kingdom of Israel: "A great name, like the name of the great ones of the earth"
Jeremiah: Prophet of the New Covenant
A Conquering Messiah: Cyrus the Great and the Persian Empire
Cyrus' Cylinder: The Chosen of Marduk
Cyrus as the Messiah: Return of the Jews and the Rebuilding of Jerusalem
Selected Background Reading
Greek Civilization: Ancient Greece
Homer: The Greek Heroic Age
Hesiod: Changing Times Bring on a Moral Order
Early Greek Lyric Poetry: Individualism Emergent
Sappho
Theognis
Pindar's Odes to Athletic Victors: The Heroic Ideal
Solon: Economic and Political Reforms at Athens
Pisistratus: The Rise of Tyranny at Athens
Lycurgus: The Spartan Military Machine
Herodotus: Greece Saved from Persian Conquest
Pericles' Funeral Oration: An Idealized View of Athenian Democracy and Its Empire
The Old Oligarch: A Realistic View of Athenian Democracy and Its Empire
Thucydides, History: The Statesman's Handbook
The Revolt of Mitylene: "Democracy is incapable of empire."
The Corcyrean Revolution: The Psychology of Civil War
The Melian Dialogue: "The strong do what they can and the weak submit."
The Sicilian Expedition: "Most glorious to the victors, most calamitous to the conquered."
Xenophon: The Athenians Overthrow Dictatorship 27 Socrates: Philosophy Shifts from Nature to Man
The Socratic Method: "The unexamined life is not worth living."
Aristophanes, Clouds: Socrates as Troublemaker: "You will now believe in no god but those we believe in..."
The Apology of Socrates: "I am that gadfly which God has attached to the state."
Lysias, The Murder of Erathosthenes: An Athenian Woman's Life: "...I began to trust her...."
Plato: "Turning the eye of the soul toward the light"
The Theory of Ideas: The Allegory of the Cave
The Spiritual Life: Dualism of Body and Soul
Aristotle: "The philosophy of human affairs"
The Nicomachaean Ethics: "The good for man"
The Politics: "A state exists for the sake of the good life."
Demosthenes Versus Isocrates: "Nationalism" Versus "Internationalism"
Demosthenes: First Philippic: " Athenians when will you act as becomes you!"
Isocrates, Address to Philip: "A champion powerful in action"
Selected Background Reading
Hellenistic Civilization
Arrian, History of Alexander the Great: Conqueror and Reformer
Demetrius: A God Among Men
Plutarch, Life of Demetrius
Athenaeus, The Learned Banquet: Ithyphallic Hymn in Honor of Demetrius
King and City: Antigonus the One-Eyed and Scepsis
Letter of Antigonus to Scepsis
Scepsis' Response to Antigonus's Letter
Euhemerus of Messsene, Sacred History: How Men Became Gods
Athenaeus, The Learned Banquet: Hellenistic Pomp and Circumstance
Oil Monopoly of Ptolemy II Philadelphus: Toward a Command Economy
Plutarch, The Life of Antony: The Portrait of Queen Cleopatra
Hellenistic Philosophy: The Cynic Counterculture
Hellenistic Science: Archimedes
Selected Background Reading
The Roman Republic
Livy: The Early Romans
Preface: "The greatest nation in the world"
The Rape of Lucretia: Monarchy Abolished
Horatius at the Bridge: "A noble piece of work"
Livy: The Foreign Policy of the Roman Republic
Polybius: The Constitution of the Roman Republic
Cato the Elder: Traditional Standards in a New Age
Pseudo-Cicero: How to Get Elected to Public Office in Rome
Tiberius Gracchus: The Republic at the Crossroads
Gaius Gracchus: The Republic at the Crossroads, Continued
The Revolt of Spartacus: The Dangers of a Slave Society
The Conspiracy of Catiline: The Roman Republic in Decay
Julius Caesar: The Man and the Statesman
The Assassination of Julius Caesar: "Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead!"
Cicero: "An eloquent man who loved his country well"
Advocate of Property Rights, Greek Philosophy, and the Status Quo
Champion of Liberty: The Second Philippic
Lucretius: Epicurean Philosophy at Rome
Selected Background Reading
The Roman Empire
Augustus: The Achievements of the Deified Augustus
Augustus' Reconstruction of the Roman World: Contrasting Estimates
Dio Cassius: The "True Democracy" of the Roman Empire
Tacitus, Annals: "It was really from a lust for power."
The Pax Romana: Divergent Views
Tacitus, Histories: "By the prosperity and order of eight hundred years has this fabric of empire been consolidated...."
Tacitus, Agricola: "They create a desert and cll it peace."
Aelius Aristides, Oration on Rome: "How is this form of government not beyond every democracy?"
Rebels Against Rome
Tacitus, Annals: The Rebellion of Boudicca in Britian
Josephus, History of the Jewish War: The Futility of Revolt
Aspects of Roman Slavery
Varro, On Agriculture: Setting Up a Slave Plantation
Columella, On Agriculture: Masters and Slaves
Seneca, Moral Epistle: "...see in him a freeborn man..."
Capitalism in the Early Empire: From Free Enterprise to State Intervention
Petronius: A Self-Made Millionaire
Emergency Measures to Deal with Depression
The Legal Status of Roman Women
Juvenal: The Emancipated Women of the Early Empire
Tacitus: The Early Germans
Marcus Aurelius: "Either atoms or Providence"
Apuleius: The Cult of Isis and Religious Syncretism
Selected Background Reading
Early Christianity and Late Antiquity
The New Testament: The Beginnings of Christianity
The Teachings of Jesus: "Turn away from your sins! The Kingdom of heaven is near!"
The Work of Paul
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