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Principles of Pharmacology for Medical Assisting

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ISBN: 9780766803251 | 0766803252
Edition: 3rd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: CENGAGE Delmar Learning
Pub. Date: 10/8/1998

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SummaryTable of Contents
This revised edition is a comprehensive introduction to pharmacology for medical assistants, covering basic mathematics, systems of measurement, the calculation of dosages, medication administration, and essential drug information as it relates to classification and/or effects on body systems. An emphasis on safety and delivery of professional care is found throughout the text. It covers AAMA standards and competencies for an accredited educational program for the medical assistant as outlined in the AAMA Role Delineation Study.
... MORE
Acknowledgmentsxi(2)
Prefacexiii
SECTION 1 Mathematics and Dosage Calculations1(82)
Unit 1 Numerals and Fractions
3(14)
Objectives
3(1)
Vocabulary
3(1)
Arabic and Roman Numerals
4(1)
Fractions
5(2)
Relative Values of Fractions
7(1)
Addition of Fractions
8(1)
Subtraction of Fractions
9(2)
The Process of Cancellation
11(1)
Multiplication of Fractions
11(2)
Division of Fractions
13(1)
Review Problems
14(2)
Self Assessment Test
16(1)
Unit 2 Decimal Fractions
17(18)
Objectives
17(1)
Vocabulary
17(1)
Understanding Decimal Fractions
18(1)
Reading and Writing Decimal Fractions
18(2)
Expressing a Common Fraction as a Decimal Fraction
20(1)
Expressing a Decimal Fraction as a Common Fraction
21(1)
Addition of Decimals
22(1)
Subtraction of Decimals
22(1)
Multiplication of Decimals
23(1)
Division of Decimals
24(7)
Percentage
31(1)
Determining Quantity if a Percent Is Given
32(1)
Review Problems
32(2)
Self Assessment Test
34(1)
Unit 3 Ratio and Proportion
35(7)
Objectives
35(1)
Vocabulary
35(1)
Understanding Ratio
36(1)
Understanding Proportion
37(3)
Review Problems
40(1)
Self Assessment Test
41(1)
Unit 4 The Metric System
42(11)
Objectives
42(1)
Vocabulary
42(1)
Introduction
43(1)
Metric System Guidelines
43(1)
The Language of the Metric System
43(1)
Fundamental Units
44(4)
Conversion
48(2)
Calculating Dosage According to Kilogram of Body Weight
50(1)
Review Problems
51(1)
Self Assessment Test
52(1)
Unit 5 Household Measures and Apothecaries' Measurements
53(8)
Objectives
53(1)
Vocabulary
53(1)
Household Measures
54(2)
Conversion
56(1)
Apothecaries' Measurements
57(1)
Conversion
58(1)
Review Problems
59(1)
Self Assessment Test
60(1)
Unit 6 Temperature Equivalents
61(6)
Objectives
61(1)
Vocabulary
61(1)
Introduction
62(1)
Converting a Fahrenheit Reading to the Celsius Scale
62(1)
Converting a Celsius Reading to the Fahrenheit Scale
63(3)
Review Problems
66(1)
Self Assessment Test
66(1)
Unit 7 Calculating Adult Dosages: Oral and Parenteral Forms
67(9)
Objectives
67(1)
Vocabulary
67(1)
Introduction
68(1)
Routes of Administration
68(1)
Weight and Volume
68(1)
Calculating Adult Dosage
69(2)
Medications Measured in Units
71(1)
Insulin
71(1)
How to Calculate Unit Dosages
72(1)
Review Problems
73(1)
Self Assessment Test
74(2)
Unit 8 Calculating Children's Dosages
76(7)
Objectives
76(1)
Vocabulary
76(1)
Introduction
77(1)
Guidelines for Administering Pediatric Medications
77(1)
Calculating Children's Dosages
78(3)
Review Problems
81(1)
Self Assessment Test
82(1)
SECTION 2 Introduction to Pharmacology83(126)
Unit 9 Drug Sources, Schedules, and Dosages
85(13)
Objectives
85(1)
Vocabulary
85(1)
Introduction
86(1)
Drugs
86(1)
Sources of Drugs
86(2)
Drug Legislation
88(3)
Drug References
91(3)
Drug Dosage
94(2)
Review Questions
96(2)
Unit 10 Forms of Drugs and How They Act
98(12)
Objectives
98(1)
Vocabulary
98(1)
Introduction
99(4)
Routes of Administration
103(1)
Classification of Drugs/Therapeutic Action
104(1)
Principle Actions of Drugs
104(3)
Factors That Affect Drug Action
107(1)
Undesirable Actions of Drugs
107(1)
Review Questions
107(3)
Unit 11 The Medication Order
110(11)
Objectives
110(1)
Vocabulary
110(1)
Introduction
111(1)
The Medication Order
111(3)
The Medication Label
114(4)
Abbreviations
118(1)
Review Questions
118(3)
Unit 12 Medication Administration Essentials
121(12)
Objectives
121(1)
Vocabulary
121(1)
Legal Implications
122(1)
The "Six Rights" of Proper Drug Administration
122(2)
Essential Medication Guidelines
124(2)
Safe Storage of Medications
126(3)
Documentation of Drug Administration
129(1)
Ethical Considerations
130(1)
Medication Error
130(1)
Review Questions
131(2)
Unit 13 Administration of Nonparenteral Medications
133(19)
Objectives
133(1)
Vocabulary
133(1)
Introduction
134(1)
Administration of Oral Medications
134(3)
Administration of Ophthalmic Medications
137(1)
Administration of Otic Medications
137(1)
Administration of Nasal Medications
137(3)
Administration of Rectal Medications
140(4)
Special Delivery Medications
144(1)
Inhalation Methods
145(1)
Administration of Oxygen
146(1)
Methods of Oxygen Delivery
147(2)
Oxygen Safety Precautions
149(1)
Review Questions
149(3)
Unit 14 Parenteral Equipment and Supplies
152(26)
Objectives
152(1)
Vocabulary
152(1)
Introduction
153(1)
Parts of a Syringe
153(1)
Classification of Syringes
153(5)
Measuring Medication in a Syringe
158(1)
Hypodermic Needles
159(3)
Preparing Equipment and Supplies for an Injection
162(9)
Mixing Two Medications in One Syringe-Needle Unit
171(4)
Review Questions
175(3)
Unit 15 Administration of Parenteral Medications
178(20)
Objectives
178(1)
Vocabulary
178(1)
Introduction
179(1)
Advantages of the Parenteral Route
179(1)
Disadvantages of the Parenteral Route
179(1)
Preparing the Patient for an Injection
180(1)
Patient Assessment
180(1)
Site Selection
181(1)
Marking the Correct Site for Intramuscular Injection
182(2)
Basic Guidelines for the Administration of Injections
184(8)
"Z"-Track Method of Intramuscular Injection
192(1)
Special Considerations for the Administration of Insulin
193(1)
Review Questions
195(3)
Unit 16 Allergy: An Overview
198(11)
Objectives
198(1)
Vocabulary
198(1)
Introduction
199(1)
Appearance of Symptoms
199(1)
Allergic Rhinitis
200(1)
Diagnosis
200(2)
Treatment
202(2)
Administration of Allergenic Extracts
204(2)
Review Questions
206(3)
SECTION 3 Drugs, Vitamins and Minerals, and Substance Abuse209(118)
Unit 17 Antibiotic Agents
211(23)
Objectives
211(1)
Vocabulary
211(1)
Introduction
212(1)
Spotlight: Deadly Infections
212(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
214(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
214(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
214(1)
Treatment of Infectious Diseases
215(1)
Adverse Reactions
216(1)
Major Antibiotic Groupings
217(9)
Other Important Antibiotics
226(2)
Additional Antibiotics
228(1)
Spot Check
229(2)
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
231(1)
Review Questions
231(3)
Unit 18 Antifungal, Antiviral, and Immunizing Agents
234(25)
Objectives
234(1)
Vocabulary
234(1)
Introduction
235(1)
Antifungal Agents
236(1)
Antiviral Agents
237(4)
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
241(2)
Spotlight: HIV in Babies and Children
243(2)
Special Considerations: The Child
245(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
245(2)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
247(3)
Immunization
250(6)
Spot Check
256(1)
Review Questions
256(3)
Unit 19 Antineoplastic Agents
259(18)
Objectives
259(1)
Vocabulary
259(1)
Introduction
260(1)
Spotlight: Breast Cancer
260(2)
Spotlight: Abnormal Conditions of the Prostate Gland
262(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
264(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
265(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
265(1)
Chemotherapy with Antineoplastic Agents
266(2)
Care of Chemotherapy Patients
268(1)
Classifications of Antineoplastic Agents
269(2)
Combination Chemotherapy
271(1)
Other Forms of Treatment for Cancer
271(2)
Spot Check
273(1)
Review Questions
274(3)
Unit 20 Vitamins and Minerals
277(13)
Objectives
277(1)
Vocabulary
277(1)
Introduction
278(1)
The Food Guide Pyramid
278(1)
Spotlight: Proper Nutrition--A Plan to Improve Health
279(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
280
Special Considerations: The Child
279
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
281(1)
Vitamins
282(1)
Minerals
282(5)
Spot Check
287(1)
Review Questions
287(3)
Unit 21 Psychotropic Agents
290(21)
Objectives
290(1)
Vocabulary
290(1)
Introduction
291(1)
Spotlight: Stress and Anxiety
291(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
293(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
294(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
294(1)
Antianxiety Agents
294(2)
Antidepressant Agents
296(7)
Antimanic Agent(s)
303(1)
Antipsychotic Agents
304(3)
Spot Check
307(1)
Review Questions
308(3)
Unit 22 Substance Abuse
311(16)
Objectives
311(1)
Vocabulary
311(1)
Introduction
312(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
312(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
313(2)
Critical Thinking Questions Activities
315(1)
Getting Started on Drugs
315(1)
Groups of Drugs
315(4)
Spotlight: Inhalant Abuse and the Return of LSD
319(2)
Recognizing Substance Abuse
321(1)
Substance Abuse in the Workplace
321(1)
Services Available
321(1)
Spot Check
322(1)
Review Questions
323(4)
SECTION 4 Effects of Medications on Body Systems327(164)
Unit 23 Medications Used for Musculoskeletal System Disorders
329(16)
Objectives
329(1)
Vocabulary
329(1)
Introduction
330(1)
Spotlight: Exercise--Benefits and Injuries
330(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
331(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
332(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
332(1)
Anti-inflammatory Drugs
332(3)
Other Antirheumatic Agents
335(3)
Agents Used to Treat Gout
338(1)
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
338(2)
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
340(1)
Skeletal Muscle Stimulants
340(2)
Spot Check
342(1)
Review Questions
343(2)
Unit 24 Medications Used for Gastrointestinal System Disorders
345(21)
Objectives
345(1)
Vocabulary
345(1)
Introduction
346(1)
Spotlight: Ulcers and Helicobacter pylori Bacteria
347(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
348(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
348(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
349(1)
Antacids
349(2)
Histamine H(2)-Receptor Antagonist
351(2)
Other Ulcer Medications
353(1)
Antispasmodics/Anticholinergics
353(1)
Laxatives
354(3)
Antidiarrheal Agents
357(1)
Anthelmintics
358(1)
Antiprotozoal Agents
359(2)
Antiemetics
361(1)
Emetics
361(1)
Spot Check
361(1)
Review Questions
362(4)
Unit 25 Medications Used for Circulatory System Disorders
366(26)
Objectives
366(1)
Vocabulary
366(1)
Introduction
367(1)
Spotlight: Heart Disease
368(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
370(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
371(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
371(1)
How Drugs Affect the Heart
372(7)
Drugs That Affect the Blood
379(6)
Agents Used in Treating Megaloblastic Anemias
385(2)
Antilipemic Agents
387(2)
Spot Check
389(1)
Review Questions
389(3)
Unit 26 Medications That Affect the Respiratory System
392(20)
Objectives
392(1)
Vocabulary
392(1)
Introduction
393(1)
Antihistamines
394(1)
Decongestants
395(1)
Antitussives
396(2)
Expectorants and Mucolytics
398(2)
Bronchodilators
400(3)
Inhalational Corticosteroids
403(1)
Spotlight: Tuberculosis
404(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
406(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
407(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
408(1)
Spot Check
409(1)
Review Questions
409(3)
Unit 27 Diuretics and Medications Used for Urinary System Disorders
412(19)
Objectives
412(1)
Vocabulary
412(1)
Introduction
413(1)
Diuretics
413(7)
Spotlight: Urinary Tract Infections (UTI): Cystitis
420(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
421(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
422(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
422(1)
Spot Check
423(1)
Urinary Tract Antibacterials
423(2)
Urinary Tract Antiseptics
425(2)
Treatment of Urologic Disorders
427(1)
Selected Agents That Discolor Urine
428(1)
Review Questions
428(3)
Unit 28 Medications Used in Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
431(17)
Objectives
431(1)
Vocabulary
431(1)
Introduction
432(1)
The Pituitary
432(1)
The Thyroid
433(3)
The Parathyroids
436(1)
The Adrenals
436(1)
The Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)
436(1)
Spotlight: Diabetes Mellitus
436(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
438(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
439(1)
Critical Thinking Questions Activities
440(1)
Insulin
440(2)
Spot Check
442(1)
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
443(2)
Review Questions
445(3)
Unit 29 Medications That Affect the Nervous System
448(24)
Objectives
448(1)
Vocabulary
448(1)
Introduction
449(1)
Spotlight: Pain
450(2)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
452(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
453(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
453(1)
Analgesics
454(2)
Analgesic-Antipyretics
456(1)
Spot Check
457(1)
Sedatives and Hypnotics
458(2)
Antiparkinsonian Drugs
460(2)
Anticonvulsants
462(3)
Anesthetics
465(1)
Ophthalmic Drugs
465(2)
Drugs Used in Vertigo, Motion Sickness, and Vomiting
467(1)
Review Questions
468(4)
Unit 30 Medications That Affect the Reproductive System
472(19)
Objectives
472(1)
Vocabulary
472(1)
Introduction
473(1)
Female Hormones
473(6)
Spotlight: Birth Control
479(2)
Oral Contraceptives
481(2)
Male Hormones
483(2)
Drugs Used During Labor and Delivery
485(1)
Special Considerations: The Older Adult
486(1)
Special Considerations: The Child
486(1)
Critical Thinking Questions/Activities
487(1)
Spot Check
487(1)
Review Questions
488(3)
Answer Key491(34)
Drug Index525(10)
General Index535

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