Minorities, based on whatever criteria-linguistic, religious, ethnic, tribal, racial, or otherwise-share a distinctive contextual and social experience. Their representation in public service is important, especially when there have been public policies which have historically discriminated against them. This book is about the importance of offsetting past discrimination in an attempt at bringing all citizens in as active participants of their representative bureaucracies. The author, a distinguished public administration comparativist, brings together the uniquely large and complex cases of United State, India, and South Africa.