Design of photonic structures allows nearly unlimited variety of specific optical properties and thus applications. This book looks at the structural effects of photonic structures, emphasizing passive and active photonic devices, fabrication, and materials. Contributions from leading players provide the first major review on structure effects, disordered materials, approaches, and applications. The text covers both natural disorder and deliberately introduced disorder as well as different structures, such as opals, aperiodic Fibonacci-type ID photonic structures, photonic glasses, photonic-phononic crystals, and magnetophotonic crystals.