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The Ohio State Constitution

by: Steinglass, Steven H.

The Ohio State Constitution

by: Steinglass, Steven H.

ISBN 13:
9780313267659
ISBN 10:
0313267650
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 12/30/2004
Publisher: Praeger Pub Text
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Summary

In 2003 Ohio celebrated its bicentennial, but most of the state's residents are unaware of the rich history and text of the state's constitution. From its precursor, the Northwest Ordinance, through three successful constitutional conventions and more than 200 proposed amendments; the Ohio Constitution is an evolving document. This work, current through the November 2004 election, is a needed resource for anyone interested in the history or text of the Ohio Constitution, or state Constitutions in general. This work provides an introductory essay outlining the history of the Ohio State Constitution as well as a section-by-section commentary on the Constitution. Tables listing changes to the Constitution as well a complete list of all proposed amendments to the Constitution from 1851 to the present are included. Foreword by current Ohio Supreme Court Chief Justice Thomas J. Moyer.

SERIES FOREWORD by G. Alan Tarr

FOREWORD by Chief Justice Thomas J. Moyer

xix

PREFACE

xxi

PART I. THE CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF OHIO

(70)

Introduction

(1)

The Ohio Territory and the Northwest Ordinance: The Prelude to Statehood

(7)

Early Ohio

(3)

The Northwest Ordinance

(2)

Governance under Arthur St. Clair and the Push for Statehood

(2)

Statehood and Ohio's First Constitution

(7)

The Constitutional Convention of 1802

(6)

The Status of African Americans

(1)

Approval and Statehood

(1)

The Ohio Constitution of 1802

(3)

Ohio's Experience under the Constitution of 1802

(3)

Judicial Review: A Major Constitutional Crisis

(2)

Ohio's Second Constitution

(9)

The Campaign to Replace the Constitution of 1802

(1)

The Constitutional Convention of 1850-51

(2)

Elections, Suffrage, and the Status of African Americans

(2)

Other Reforms

(1)

Convention and Electoral Approval

(1)

The Ohio Constitution of 1851

(3)

The 1873-74 Constitutional Convention

(2)

From 1874 to the 1912 Constitutional Convention

(4)

The 1912 Constitutional Convention: Constitutional Revision in the Progressive Era

(8)

The Progressive Movement and the Call for a Convention

(1)

The Constitutional Convention of 1912

(7)

Constitutional Change from 1912 to the Twenty-First Century

(29)

The First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Unfinished Agenda

(3)

Prohibition

(2)

Suffrage

(1)

Other Amendments

(1)

Constitutional Revision in the Latter Half of the Twentieth Century

(6)

The 1950's and 1960's

(3)

The 1970's and the Constitutional Revision Commission

(1)

The 1980's

(1)

The 1990's

(1)

The 2000's

(1)

The Ohio Constitution and the Court at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century

(20)

The Ohio Supreme Court and Judicial Review

(3)

Judicial Selection

(2)

The Ohio Supreme Court and Stare Decisis

(11)

PART II. THE OHIO CONSTITUTION AND COMMENTARY

(268)

Preamble

(2)

Article I Bill of Rights

(44)

Section 1. Inalienable Rights

(2)

Section 2. Right to alter, reform, or abolish government, [equal protection] and repeal of special privileges

(4)

Inherent Political Power

(1)

Equal Protection and Benefit

(2)

Alter, Reform, or Abolish Government

(1)

Special Privileges and Immunities

(1)

Section 3. Right to assemble [and petition]

(1)

Section 4. Bearing arms; standing armies; military power

(1)

Section 5. Trials by Jury

(2)

Section 6. Slavery and involuntary servitude

(1)

Section 7. Rights of conscience; education; the necessity of religion and knowledge

(2)

Section 8. Writ of habeas corpus

(1)

Section 9. Bail [and cruel and unusual punishment]

(2)

Section 10. Trial for crimes; witnesses

(8)

Right to a Grand Jury Indictment

(1)

Right to Counsel

(1)

Rights to Appear and Confront Witnesses

(1)

Right to Compulsory Process

(1)

Right to a Speedy Public Trial

(1)

Privilege Against Self-Incrimination

(2)

Double Jeopardy

(1)

Section 10a. Rights of victims of crime

(1)

Section 11. Freedom of speech; of the press; of libels

100

(2)

Section 12. Transportation, etc. for crime

102

(1)

Section 13. Quartering troops

103

(1)

Section 14. Search warrants and general warrants

103

(2)

Section 15. No imprisonment for debt

105

(1)

Section 16. Redress in courts [open courts; due process; sovereign immunity]

106

(6)

Open Courts

106

(2)

Right to a Remedy

108

(1)

Due Course of Law/Due Process

109

(2)

Sovereign Immunity

111

(1)

Section 17. Heredity privileges, etc.

112

(1)

Section 18. Suspension of laws

112

(1)

Section 19. Inviolability of private property [eminent domain]

112

(2)

Section 19a. Damage for Wrongful death

114

(1)

Section 20. Powers reserved to the people

114

(5)

Article II Legislative

119

(44)

Section 1. In whom power vested [Legislative power]

120

(10)

Separation of Powers

120

(1)

Delegation of Legislative Authority

121

(1)

Initiative and Referendum

122

(1)

Section 1a. The Initiative

122

(1)

Section 1b. Initiative, continued

123

(2)

Section 1c. The referendum

125

(1)

Section 1d. Emergency laws; not subject to referendum

126

(1)

Section 1e. Powers; limitations of use [non-uniform taxation]

127

(1)

Section 1f. Power of municipalities [Initiative and referendum]

127

(1)

Section 1g. Petition requirements and preparation; submission; ballot language; by Ohio ballot board

128

(2)

Section 2. Election and terms of legislators

130

(1)

Section 3. Residence [requirements for state legislators]

131

(1)

Section 4. Eligibility [Dual office and conflict of interest]

131

(2)

Section 5. Who shall not hold office

133

(1)

Section 6. Powers of each house

133

(1)

Section 7. Organization of the House of Representatives [and Senate]

134

(1)

Section 8. Regular and special session of General Assembly

135

(1)

Section 9. Journal, and yeas and nays

135

(1)

Section 10. Rights of members to protest

136

(1)

Section 11. Vacancies in either house, how filled

137

(1)

Section 12. Privilege of members from arrest, and of free speech

138

(1)

Section 13. When session to be public

139

(1)

Section 14. Power of adjournment

139

(1)

Section 15. How bills shall be passed

139

(2)

Section 16. Bills to be signed by governor; veto

141

(2)

Section 17. [Repealed]

143

(1)

Section 18. [Repealed]

143

(1)

Section 19. [Repealed]

143

(1)

Section 20. Term of office, and compensation of officers in certain cases

143

(1)

Section 21. Contested elections

144

(1)

Section 22. Appropriations

144

(1)

Section 23. Impeachments; how instituted and conducted

144

(1)

Section 24. Who [is] liable to impeachment, and punishment

145

(1)

Section 25. [Repealed]

146

(1)

Section 26. What laws to have a uniform operation

146

(1)

Section 27. Election and appointment of officers; filling vacancies

147

(1)

Section 28. Retroactive laws [obligation of contracts]

148

(1)

Section 29. No extra compensation

149

(1)

Section 30. New counties

149

(1)

Section 31. Compensation of members and officers of the General Assembly

150

(1)

Section 32. Divorces and judicial power

150

(1)

Section 33 . Mechanics' and builders' liens

151

(1)

Section 34. Welfare of employees

152

(1)

Section 35. Workman's [Workers'] Compensation

153

(2)

Section 36. Conservation of natural resources

155

(1)

Section 37 . Eight-hour day on public work

156

(1)

Section 38. Removal of officials

156

(1)

Section 39. Regulating expert testimony in criminal trials

157

(1)

Section 40. Registering and warranting land titles

158

(1)

Section 41. Prison labor

158

(1)

Section 42. Continuity of government operations in emergencies caused by enemy attack

159

(4)

Article III Executive

163

(16)

Section 1. Executive department

163

(2)

Section 1a . Joint vote cast for governor and lieutenant

164

(1)

Section 1b. Lieutenant governor duties assigned by governor

164

(1)

Section 2. Terms of office

165

(1)

Section 3. Election returns

166

(1)

Section 4. [Repealed]

167

(1)

Section 5. Executive power vested in governor

167

(1)

Section 6. [The governor] may require written information, etc.

167

(1)

Section 7. [The governor] shall recommend measures, etc.

168

(1)

Section 8. Limiting part of General Assembly in extra session

168

(1)

Section 9. When [the governor] may adjourn the General Assembly

169

(1)

Section 10. Commander-in-chief of militia

169

(1)

Section 11. May grant reprieves, commutations and pardons

169

(2)

Section 12. Seal of the state, and by whom kept

171

(1)

Section 13. How grants and commissions issued

171

(1)

Section 14. Who is ineligible for governor

172

(1)

Section 15. Who shall fill [the governor's] place when vacancy occurs

172

(1)

Section 16. [Repealed]

173

(1)

Section 17. If a vacancy shall occur while executing the office of governor, who shall act

173

(1)

Section 17a. Filling a vacancy in the office of the lieutenant governor

174

(1)

Section 18. What vacancies governor to fill

174

(1)

Section 19. Compensation

175

(1)

Section 20. Officers to report to governor, and when

175

(1)

Section 21. Appointments subject to advice and consent of Senate

176

(1)

Section 22. Jurisdiction to determine disability; succession

177

(2)

Article IV Judicial

179

(18)

Section 1. In whom judicial power vested

181

(1)

Section 2. Organization and jurisdiction of Supreme Court

182

(2)

Section 3. Court of appeals

184

(2)

Section 4. Common pleas court

186

(1)

Section 5. Other powers of Supreme Court

187

(2)

Section 6. Election of judges; compensation

189

(1)

Section 7. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 8. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 9. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 10. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 11. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 12. [Repealed]

190

(1)

Section 13. Vacancy in office of judge, how filled

191

(1)

Section 14. [Repealed]

191

(1)

Section 15. Number of judges may be increased or diminished, districts altered, and other courts established

191

(1)

Section 16. [Repealed]

192

(1)

Section 17. Judges removable

192

(1)

Section 18. Powers and jurisdiction

192

(1)

Section 19. Courts of conciliation

193

(1)

Section 20. Style of process, prosecution, and indictment

193

(1)

Section 22. [formerly 21] Supreme court commission

193

(1)

Section 23. Judges in less populous counties; service on more than one court

194

(3)

Article V Elective Franchise

197

(8)

Section 1. Who may vote

197

(2)

Section 2. By ballot

199

(2)

Section 2a. Names of candidates on ballot

200

(1)

Section 3. [Repealed]

201

(1)

Section 4. Forfeiture of elective franchise

201

(1)

Section 5. [Repealed]

201

(1)

Section 6. Idiots or insane persons

202

(1)

Section 7. Primary elections

202

(1)

Section 8. Term limits

203

(1)

Section 9. Eligibility of office holders

203

(2)

Article VI Education

205

(10)

Section 1. Funds for religious and educational purposes

205

(1)

Section 2. School funds

206

(4)

A "Thorough and Efficient System of Common Schools"

207

(2)

Support for Religious Schools

209

(1)

School Segregation

209

(1)

Section 3. Public school system, boards of education

210

(1)

Section 4. State board of education

211

(1)

Section 5. Guaranteed loans to residents attending colleges and universities

211

(1)

Section 6. Tuition credit program

212

(3)

Article VII Public Institutions

215

(4)

Section 1. Insane, blind, and deaf and dumb

215

(1)

Section 2. Directors of penitentiary, trustees of benevolent and other state institutions; how appointed

216

(1)

Section 3. Vacancies, how filled

216

(3)

Article VIII Public Debt and Public Works

219

(48)

Section 1. Public debt

221

(1)

Section 2. Additional, and for what purposes

222

(32)

Section 2a. [Repealed]

222

(1)

Section 2b. Adjusted compensation for service in World War II

222

(4)

Section 2c. Construction of state highway system

226

(1)

Section 2d. Korean War bonus

227

(4)

Section 2e. Providing means for securing funds for highway and public building construction [State buildings]

231

(1)

Section 2f. Authorizing bond issues to provide school classrooms, support for universities, for recreation and conservation and for state buildings

232

(3)

Section 2g. Authorizing bond issue or other obligations for highway construction

235

(1)

Section 2h. Bond issue for development

236

(1)

Section 2i. Capital improvement bonds

237

(3)

Section 2j. Vietnam conflict compensation fund

240

(4)

Section 2k. Issuance of bonds for local government public infrastructure capital improvements

244

(2)

Section 2l. Parks, recreation, and natural resources project capital improvements

246

(1)

Section 2m. Issuance of general obligations

247

(3)

Section 2n. Facilities for system of common schools and facilities for state-supported and state-assisted institutions of higher education

250

(1)

Section 2o. Environmental conservation and revitalization

251

(3)

Section 3. The state to create no other debt

254

(1)

Section 4. Credit of state; the state shall not become joint owner or stockholder

255

(1)

Section 5. No assumption of debt by the state

256

(1)

Section 6. Counties, cities, towns, or townships, not authorized to become stockholders, etc.; insurance, etc.

256

(1)

Section 7. Sinking fund

257

(1)

Section 8. The commissioners of the sinking fund

257

(1)

Section 9. Their biennial report

258

(1)

Section 10. Application of sinking fund

258

(1)

Section 11. Semiannual report

258

(1)

Section 12. [Repealed]

259

(1)

Section 13. Economic development

259

(1)

Section 14. Financing of certain housing; revenue bonds, loans from corporations

260

(1)

Section 15. State assistance to development of coal technology

261

(1)

Section 16. State and political subdivisions to provide housing for individuals

262

(1)

Section 17. Limitations on obligations state may issue

263

(4)

Article IX Militia

267

(4)

Section 1. Who shall perform military duty

267

(1)

Section 2. [Repealed]

268

(1)

Section 3. Officers to be appointed by the governor

268

(1)

Section 4. Power of governor to call forth militia

269

(1)

Section 5. Public Arms [Arsenals]

269

(2)

Article X County and Township Organizations

271

(8)

Section 1. Organization and government of counties; county home rule; submission

271

(1)

Section 2. Township officers; election; power

272

(1)

Section 3. County charters; approval by voters

273

(1)

Section 4. County charter commission; election, etc.

274

(2)

Section 5. [Repealed]

276

(1)

Section 6. [Repealed]

276

(1)

Section 7. [Repealed]

276

(3)

Article XI Apportionment

279

(12)

Section 1. Persons responsible for apportionment of state for members of General Assembly

280

(1)

Section 2. Method of apportionment of state for members of General Assembly

280

(2)

Section 3. Population of each House of Representatives district

282

(1)

Section 4. Population in each Senate district

282

(1)

Section 5. Representation

283

(1)

Section 6. Creation of district boundaries; change at end of decennial period

283

(1)

Section 6a. [Repealed]

284

(1)

Section 7. Boundary lines of House of Representatives districts

284

(1)

Section 8. Determination of number of House of Representatives districts within each county

285

(1)

Section 9. When population of county is fraction of ratio of representation

285

(1)

Section 10. Creation and numbering of House of Representatives districts

285

(1)

Section 11. Senate districts

286

(1)

Section 12. Change in boundaries of Senate districts

287

(1)

Section 13. Jurisdiction of Supreme Court, effect of determination of unconstitutionality; apportionment

287

(1)

Section 14. District boundaries until January 1, 1973

288

(1)

Section 15. Severability provisions

288

(3)

Article XII Finance and Taxation

291

(12)

Section 1. Poll tax

291

(1)

Section 2. Limitation on tax rate; exemption

292

(3)

Section 2a. Authority to classify real estate for taxation, two classes; procedures

294

(1)

Section 3. Imposition of taxes

295

(1)

Section 4. Revenue

296

(1)

Section 5. Levying of taxes

297

(1)

Section 5a. Use of motor vehicle license and fuel taxes restricted

297

(1)

Section 6. Debt for internal improvement

297

(1)

Section 7. [Repealed]

298

(1)

Section 8. [Repealed]

298

(1)

section 9. Apportionment of income, estate, and inheritance taxes

298

(1)

section 10. [Repealed]

299

(1)

section 11. Sinking fund

299

(1)

Section 12. [Repealed]

299

(1)

Section 13. Wholesale taxes on foods

299

(4)

Article XIII Corporations

303

(8)

Section 1. Corporate Powers

303

(1)

Section 2. Corporations, how formed

304

(1)

Section 3. Dues from corporations; how secured; inspection of private banks

305

(1)

Section 4. Corporate property subject to taxation

306

(1)

Section 5. Right of way

306

(1)

Section 6. Organization of cities, etc.

307

(1)

Section 7. Association with banking powers

308

(3)

Article XIV Jurisprudence [Repealed]

311

(2)

Article XV Miscellaneous

313

(6)

Section 1. Seat of Government

313

(1)

Section 2. [Repealed]

313

(1)

Section 3. Receipts and expenditures

314

(1)

Section 4. Who [is] eligible to office

314

(1)

Section 5. [Repealed]

315

(1)

Section 6. Lotteries, charitable bingo

315

(1)

Section 7. Oath of officers

315

(1)

Section 8. [Repealed]

316

(1)

Section 9. [Repealed]

316

(1)

Section 9a. [Repealed]

316

(1)

Section 10. Civil service

316

(1)

Section 11. [Ban on same-sex marriage, civil unions, etc.]

317

(2)

Article XVI Amendments

319

(6)

Section 1. How constitution to be amended; ballot; Supreme Court to hear challenges

320

(2)

Section 2. Convention

322

(1)

Section 3. Question of constitutional convention to be submitted periodically

323

(2)

Article XVII Elections

325

(2)

Section 1. Time for holding

325

(1)

Section 2. Terms of officers, vacancies, etc.

326

(1)

Section 3. [Repealed]

326

(1)

Article XVIII Municipal Corporations

327

(12)

Section 1. Classification

327

(1)

Section 2. General and additional laws

328

(1)

Section 3. Powers

328

(2)

Section 4. Acquisition of public utility; contract for service; condemnation

330

(1)

Section 5. Acquisition by ordinance; procedure; referendum; submission

331

(1)

Section 6. Sale of surplus

332

(1)

Section 7. Home rule [and municipal charter]

332

(1)

Section 8. Submission of question of election of charter commission; approval

333

(1)

Section 9. Amendment of charter; submission; approval

334

(1)

Section 10. Appropriation in excess of public use

334

(1)

Section 11. Assessment for costs of appropriating property

335

(1)

Section 12. Bonds for public utilities

335

(1)

Section 13. Taxation, debts, reports and accounts

336

(1)

Section 14. Municipal elections

337

(2)

SCHEDULES TO THE OHIO CONSTITUTION

339

(12)

APPENDIX A: TABLE OF VOTES ON HOLDING CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS UNDER THE 1802 AND 1851 CONSTITUTIONS

351

(2)

APPENDIX B: TABLE OF PROPOSED CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS AND VOTES

353

(24)

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY AND SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

377

(12)

TABLE OF CASES

389

(12)

INDEX

401

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The Ohio State Constitution

The Ohio State Constitution

9780313267659

0313267650

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

The Ohio State Constitution

The Ohio State Constitution

9780313267659

0313267650

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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