Learning and Memory
ISBN: 9780205658626 | 0205658628
Edition: 4thFormat: Hardcover
Publisher: Pearson
Pub. Date: 10/13/2008
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This text explores the core principles of learning and memory in a clear, reader-friendly style, covering animal learning and human memory in a balanced fashion.
Univ. of North Carolina, Charlotte. Textbook explores core principles of learning and memory, covering animal learning and human memory. This edition features new sections on the functional approach to learning, breaking habits, behavioral economics, and working memory and consciousness. For advanced undergraduates. Previous edition: c2006.
| Preface | |
| Introduction | |
| The Origins of the Study of Learning | |
| Philosophy of Epistemology | |
| Evolution | |
| Contemporary Influences | |
| The Definition of Learning | |
| Some Caveats | |
| The Learning/Performance Distinction | |
| Learning: A Recapitulation | |
| The Relationship between the Terms Learning and Memo... MORE | |
| Basic and Applied Research | |
| Common Sense and Common Knowledge | |
| Why Animals? | |
| Conceptual Approaches to the Study of Learning | |
| The Behavioral Approach | |
| The Cognitive Approach | |
| The Neuropsychological Approach | |
| Summary | |
| Habituation and Other Forms of Simple Stimulus Learning | |
| The Orienting Response | |
| Habituation | |
| Methods of Studying Habituation | |
| Parametric Features of Habituation | |
| Explanations of Habituation | |
| Nonlearning Explanations | |
| Physiological Theories | |
| Cognitive Theories | |
| Perceptual Learning | |
| Other Effects of Stimulus Exposure | |
| Preference for Familiar Stimuli | |
| Priming Facilitation | |
| Recapitulation: The Effects of Repeated Stimulus Presentation | |
| Applications | |
| Habituation to Warning Signals | |
| Exposure Therapy for Fears | |
| Summary | |
| Classical Conditioning | |
| The Definition of Classical Conditioning | |
| Methods of Studying Classical Conditioning | |
| Some Representative Procedures | |
| What Stimuli Can Serve as CSs? | |
| What Stimuli Can Serve as USs? | |
| Basic Phenomena of Conditioning | |
| Acquisition | |
| Extinction | |
| Generalization | |
| Discrimination | |
| The Role of Contiguity | |
| Other Factors Affecting Conditioning | |
| Prior Exposure | |
| Compound CSs | |
| Surprise | |
| CS-US Relevance | |
| Conditioned Inhibition | |
| What Is Learned in Classical Conditioning? | |
| So, What Is Learned in Pavlovian Conditioning? | |
| The Role of Awareness in Conditioning | |
| Extensions of Conditioning | |
| Conditioning with Drug USs and the Development of Tolerance | |
| Modification of Immune System Response | |
| Applications of Conditioning | |
| The Conditioning Theory of Phobias | |
| Systematic Desensitization | |
| Summary | |
| Instrumental Conditioning: Reward | |
| Definition and History | |
| Thorndike and Trial-and-Error Learning | |
| Skinner and Operant Learning | |
| Methods of Study | |
| Positive Reinforcement | |
| Reinforcement Variables Affecting Acquisition | |
| Amount and Quality of Reinforcement | |
| Drive | |
| Schedules of Reinforcement | |
| Delay of Reinforcement | |
| Secondary Reinforcement | |
| Social Reinforcement | |
| Theories of Reinforcement | |
| Reinforcers as Stimuli | |
| Reinforcers as Behaviors | |
| Reinforcers as Strengtheners | |
| Reinforcers as Information | |
| So, What Is Reinforcement? | |
| Is Reinforcement Necessary for Learning? | |
| Conscious Awareness in Human Instrumental Learning | |
| Criticisms of the Use of Reinforcement | |
| Response Learning | |
| Shaping | |
| Limitations of Response Learning | |
| Discriminative Stimulus Control | |
| Generalization and Discrimination | |
| Summary of Response Learning and Stimulus Learning | |
| What Is Learned in Instrumental Conditioning? | |
| Response-Reinforcer Learning | |
| Stimulus-Response Learning | |
| Stimulus-Reinforcer Learning | |
| What Is Learned? | |
| Stimulus-Response-Reinforcer | |
| Applications | |
| Habit Slips | |
| Behavior Modification | |
| Cognition in Animals | |
| Summary | |
| Instrumental Conditioning: Nonreward, Punishment, and Avoidance | |
| Defining the Contingencies: Nonreward, Punishment, and Avoidance | |
| Nonreward | |
| Extinction | |
| The Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect | |
| Punishment | |
| When Does Punishment Work? | |
| Unwanted Side Effects of Punishment | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
