Rent 9780205520527 | Latin America and Its People, Volume 1 (to 1830) | Martin, Cheryl E.; Wasserman, Mark @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents

Offering a balance of social, political, environmental, and cultural history, Latin America and Its People looks at the whole of Latin America in a thematic rather than country-by-country approach. This engaging textbook emphasizes the stories of the diverse people of Latin America, their everyday lives, and the issues that affected them. Written by two of the leading scholars in the field, Cheryl Martin and Mark Wasserman, Latin America and Its People presents a fresh interpretative survey of Latin American history from pre-Columbian times to ... MORE

List of Features	p. xv
List of Maps and Color Plates	p. xvii
Map of National Capitals	p. xix
Preface	p. xx
About the Authors	p. xxviii
The First Peoples of the Americas	p. 1
The First Americans	p. 2
Coming to America	p. 2
Subsistence Strategies and the Development of Agriculture	p. 2
Sedentary Communities and... MORE Ceremonial Centers	p. 5
Ceremonial Centers in Mexico and Peru	p. 8
The Olmec: "Mother Culture" of Mexico?	p. 8
Chavin de Huantar in Peru	p. 10
The Cities of Classic Mesoamerica	p. 12
Monte Alban	p. 12
Teotihuacan	p. 13
Maya Civilization in the Classic Era	p. 15
Peru After Chavin	p. 19
The Moche	p. 19
The Nazca	p. 21
Tiwemaku	p. 22
The Wari Empire	p. 23
Mesoamerica and Peru, 900-1400 C.E.	p. 24
The Toltecs	p. 24
The Mixtecs of Oaxaca	p. 26
The Post-Classic Maya	p. 26
Peru after Tiwanaku and Wari	p. 27
The World of Early Americans	p. 29
People and Their Environment	p. 30
Early Americans and Their Beliefs	p. 31
Communities, States, and War	p. 32
Conclusion	p. 33
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 34
How Historians Understand: Archaeology, Literacy, and the Study of History	p. 6
Latin American Lives: Pacal the Great, King of Palenque, 603-683 C.E.	p. 16
Slice of Life: The Craft Workers of Chan Chan, 1400 C.E.	p. 28
Americans and Iberians on the Eve of Contact	p. 35
Mesoamerica in the Fifteenth Century	p. 35
The Rise of the Mexica	p. 36
Mexica Statecraft	p. 39
Mexica Religion	p. 40
Everyday Life in the Time of the Mexica	p. 41
Mesoamerica on the Eve of the Spanish Invasion	p. 43
The Andes in the Fifteenth Century	p. 46
The Rise of the Incas	p. 46
Inca Statecraft	p. 48
Andean Religion in the Time of the Incas	p. 50
Everyday Life in the Time of the Incas	p. 51
The Aztecs and Incas Compared	p. 54
The Diversity of American Peoples	p. 57
The Tainos and Caribs	p. 58
The Tupi of Coastal Brazil	p. 60
The "Pueblo" Peoples of New Mexico	p. 60
The Spanish and the Portuguese	p. 61
Centuries of Conquest	p. 62
Medieval Iberia and the Reconquista	p. 63
Iberian Monarchies in the Fifteenth Century	p. 65
The Breakdown of Iberian "Convivencia"	p. 65
Iberian Society in the Fifteenth Century	p. 67
Iberia and the Beginnings of Overseas Expansion	p. 68
Conclusion	p. 69
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 71
How Historians Understand: Counting People in Past Societies	p. 44
Latin American Lives: Tanta Carhua, Bride of the Sun	p. 52
Slice of Life: The Marketplace at Tlatelolco	p. 56
The European Conquest of America	p. 72
The Europeans Arrive	p. 73
Columbus and the First Encounters	p. 73
The Caribbean Colonies	p. 75
The Portuguese in Brazil	p. 76
The Spanish in Mesoamerica and the Andes	p. 80
Cortes and the Aztecs	p. 80
The Search for "Otro Mexico"	p. 85
The Pizarros and the Incas	p. 86
Military Conquest or Strategic Alliance?	p. 87
Building a Colonial Society	p. 89
The Ecological Conquest	p. 90
Conquistadors, Encomenderos, and Native Peoples	p. 91
A Multiracial Society in Formation	p. 93
The "Spiritual Conquest" of Latin America	p. 96
Early Evangelization	p. 96
The Impact of Evangelization	p. 98
Resistance to Christianity	p. 99
The Consolidation of Colonial Empires	p. 101
The Viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru	p. 101
The Spanish Colonial Bureaucracy	p. 102
Royal Government in Brazil	p. 104
The Church in Spanish America and Brazil	p. 104
The Spanish and Portuguese Empires	p. 106
Conclusion	p. 107
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 108
How Historians Understand: Malinche and the Uses of Historical Memory	p. 82
Latin American Lives: Bartolome de Las Casas, 1474-1566	p. 77
Slice of Life: The Cuzco Cabildo Founds a Convent, 1551	p. 95
The Iberians' New World	p. 110
The Lure of Precious Metals	p. 111
The Silver Boom	p. 111
Labor and Technology in Silver Mining	p. 112
Procuring a Labor Supply	p. 113
Gold Mining in Brazil	p. 117
Agriculture	p. 118
Sugar Plantations	p. 118
Haciendas and Ranches	p. 123
Landownership	p. 125
Landed Elites	p. 126
Rural Society	p. 131
Trade and Transportation	p. 132
International Commerce	p. 132
Overland Transport	p. 134
Merchants	p. 134
Mercantile Restrictions	p. 135
Cities and Towns in the Iberians' New World	p. 136
Capital Cities	p. 137
Provincial Capitals and Other Towns	p. 138
Urban Amenities	p. 139
Urban Working Classes	p. 140
Conclusion	p. 141
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 142
How Historians Understand: Documenting Colonial Enterprise	p. 128
Latin American Lives: Antonio Lopez de Quiroga, Bolivian Entrepreneur	p. 114
Slice of Life: The Safra in Colonial Brazil	p. 121
The Amerindians' Changing World	p. 144
Native Communities in Mesoamerica and the Andes	p. 145
Shifting Populations in the Republica de Indios	p. 146
Local Government in the Republica de Indios	p. 148
Subsistence and Survival in the Republica de Indios	p. 150
Native Communities and the Cash Economy	p. 153
Families and Households in the Republica de Indios	p. 154
Religion and Community Life in the Republica de Indios	p. 155
Natives as Catholics	p. 156
Belief and Practice in the Republica de Indios	p. 157
Religion and Community Identity	p. 159
Mission Indians	p. 162
Jesuit and Franciscan Missions	p. 162
Native Peoples in the Jesuit and Franciscan Missions	p. 166
Mission Indians and Colonial Society	p. 166
Native Peoples and the Colonial Order	p. 167
Indians in the Republica de Espanoles	p. 168
"Indios Barbaros"	p. 170
Regional Revolts	p. 171
Native Historical Memory and the Colonial Order	p. 172
Conclusion	p. 175
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 176
How Historians Understand: Measuring Acculturation Using Indigenous Language Sources	p. 160
Latin American Lives: Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala	p. 174
Slice of Life: The Indians of Oaxtepec Defend Their Land and Water	p. 151
A New People and Their World	p. 177
The Making of Multiethnic Societies	p. 178
Spanish and Portuguese Immigrants	p. 178
Creoles	p. 180
Mestizos and Mamelucos	p. 180
African Slaves	p. 181
Slave Resistance	p. 182
Maroon Communities	p. 183
Free Blacks and Mulattos	p. 184
Race and Class in Colonial Latin America	p. 186
Social and Cultural Definitions of Race	p. 186
Class and Ethnicity	p. 190
Honor, Gender, and Patriarchy	p. 191
Honor and the Patriarchal Family	p. 192
Marriage and the Family	p. 193
Honor and Sexuality	p. 194
Honor and Homosexuality	p. 195
The Limits of Patriarchy	p. 196
Convents: "Islands of Women"	p. 199
Convents and Colonial Society	p. 202
Conformity and Defiance in Colonial Society	p. 203
The Social Etiquette of Everyday Life	p. 204
The Administration of Justice	p. 205
The Inquisition and Deviant Behavior	p. 206
Rituals of Rule	p. 207
Scatological Songs and Dances of Defiance	p. 208
Conclusion	p. 210
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 211
How Historians Understand: Parish Registers and the Study of Colonial Society	p. 188
Latin American Lives: Juana de Cobos, Baker in Chihuahua	p. 198
Slice of Life: Corpus Christi in Cuzco	p. 209
The Shifting Fortunes of Colonial Empires	p. 212
The Spanish and Portuguese Empires in Eighteenth-Century Politics	p. 213
Great Britain and Latin America	p. 213
The Seven Years' War	p. 216
The American Revolution and Latin America	p. 217
The French Revolution and Latin America	p. 218
The Haitian Revolution	p. 220
The Bourbon and Pombaline Reforms	p. 221
Defending the Spanish Empire	p. 222
Administrative Restructuring and New Viceroyalties	p. 223
The Power of the Church	p. 224
Economic Development	p. 227
Latin American Peoples in the Age of Revolution	p. 231
Social Change in the Late Colonial Period	p. 232
The Changing Face of Colonial Cities	p. 234
The Enlightenment in Latin America	p. 235
Resistance and Rebellion in the Late Colonial Period	p. 237
Developing Creole Consciousness	p. 238
Resistance to the Bourbon Reforms	p. 239
Conspiracies in Brazil	p. 239
The Great Rebellion in Peru	p. 241
Conclusion	p. 243
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 244
How Historians Understand: Revisionism and the Debate over Comparative Slavery	p. 228
Latin American Lives: Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui, Tupac Amaru II	p. 240
Slice of Life: The Royal Tobacco Factory in Mexico City	p. 225
The New Nations of Latin America	p. 245
Spanish America and the Crisis of 1808	p. 246
Spain and the Napoleonic Invasion	p. 247
Representative Government in Spain and America, 1808-1814	p. 247
The "American Question"	p. 251
Spanish American Grievances and the Crisis of 1808	p. 252
Mexico	p. 253
Venezuela	p. 255
Argentina	p. 255
Spanish American Independence	p. 256
The Final Campaigns	p. 256
Regional Conflicts in the Spanish American Struggle for Independence	p. 262
The Independence of Brazil	p. 264
The Portuguese Monarchy in Brazil	p. 264
Popular Unrest in Brazil	p. 265
The Culmination of Brazilian Independence	p. 266
The Meaning of Independence	p. 267
Conclusion	p. 271
Learning More About Latin Americans	p. 272
How Historians Understand: Were the Wars of Independence the Turning Point?	p. 248
Latin American Lives: Jose Antonio Aponte, Sculptor of Havana	p. 258
Slice of Life: The 16th of September: Independence Day in Mexico	p. 268
Glossary	p. 274
Credits	p. 276
Index	p. 277
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