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An Introduction to Policing

by: DEMPSEY

An Introduction to Policing

by: DEMPSEY

ISBN 13:
9780534546755
ISBN 10:
0534546757
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 07/30/1998
Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

This text presents a remarkable balance between the practical and theoretical. Dempsey brings his 25 years of policing experience (as a ranking officer in the New York Police Department) together with the best and most contemporary research to illustrate both the formal and the real workings of the policing system. By focusing on the controversies and the problems within the system, including the newest statistical data, Dempsey creates a uniquely objective text. No other text melds real experiences with high-quality research and statistics as well as Dempsey.

Preface

Part I POLICE HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION

(80)

Chapter 1 Police History

(30)

Introduction

(1)

Early Police

(1)

English Policing: Our English Heritage

(3)

Early History

(1)

Seventeenth Century and Thief-Takers

(1)

Henry Fielding

(1)

Peel's Police

(1)

American Policing: The Colonial Experience

(1)

American Policing: Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

(6)

The Urban Experience

(3)

The Frontier Experience

(2)

American Policing: Twentieth Century

(14)

Policing from 1900 to 1960

(4)

Policing in the 1960s and 1970s

(6)

Policing in the 1980s and 1990s

(4)

Chapter Summary

(4)

Chapter 2 Organizing Public and Private Security in the United States

(26)

Introduction

(1)

The U.S. Public and Private Safety Industry

(2)

Local Law Enforcement

(3)

Metropolitan Law Enforcement

(1)

Country Law Enforcement

(1)

Rural and Small Town Law Enforcement

(1)

State Law Enforcement

(1)

Federal Law Enforcement

(7)

Department of Justice

(2)

Treasury Department

(2)

Department of the Interior

(1)

Department of Defense

(1)

General Services Administration

(1)

U.S. Postal Service

(1)

Department of Transportation

(1)

Other Federal Enforcement Agencies

(1)

Task Force Approach to Enforcement

(1)

International Police

(1)

Private Security

(5)

What Is Private Security?

(1)

History of Private Security

(1)

Operations of Private Security Today

(1)

Private Security and the Courts

(1)

Current Problems of Private Security

(1)

Licensing of Private Security

(1)

Professionalization of Private Security

(1)

Forecasts Regarding the Need for Private Security

(1)

Private Employment of Public Police

(2)

Community Self-Protection

(1)

Target Hardening

(1)

Neighborhood Watch Programs

(1)

Impact of Recession on Police Agencies and Police Consolidation

(1)

Chapter Summary

(3)

Chapter 3 Organizing the Police Department

(24)

Introduction

(1)

Organizing the Department: Managerial Concepts

(2)

Division of Labor

(1)

Chain of Command (Hierarchy of Authority)

(1)

Span of Control

(1)

Delegation of Responsibility and Authority

(1)

Unity of Command

(1)

Rules, Regulations, and Discipline

(1)

Organizing by Personnel

(9)

The Civil Service System

(1)

Quasi-Military Model of Police

(1)

Sworn and Nonsworn (Civilian) Personnel

(1)

Rank Structure

(3)

Other Personnel

(3)

Some Personnel Issues

(1)

Organizing by Area

(2)

Beats/Posts

(2)

Sectors/Zones

(1)

Precincts

(1)

Organizing by Time

(3)

The Three-Tour System

(2)

Tour Conditions

(1)

Steady (Fixed) Tours

(1)

Organizing by Function or Purpose

(4)

Line and Staff (Support) Functions

(1)

Police Department Units

(4)

Chapter Summary

(3)

PART II THE PERSONAL SIDE OF POLICING

(66)

Chapter 4 Becoming a Police Officer

(30)

Introduction

(1)

Finding Information on Jobs in Policing

(1)

The Recruitment Process

(3)

The Job Analysis

(1)

The Selection Process

(9)

Characteristics of Good Police Officers

(2)

Guidelines for the Selection Process

(1)

Written Entrance Examination

(1)

Oral Interview

(1)

Psychological Appraisal

(1)

Polygraph Examination

(2)

Medical Examination

(1)

Physical Agility Test

(1)

Background Investigation

(1)

Standards in Police Selection

(5)

Physical Requirements

(1)

Age Requirements

(1)

Education Requirements

(2)

Prior Drug Use

100

(1)

Criminal Record Restrictions

100

(1)

Residency Requirements

100

(1)

Sexual Orientation

101

(1)

The Police Training Process

101

(5)

Recruit Training

101

(4)

In-Service, Management, and Specialized Training

105

(1)

Training for the Police Corps

105

(1)

Community Policing Training

106

(1)

Probationary Period

106

(1)

Chapter Summary

106

(5)

Chapter 5 The Police Role and Police Discretion

111

(16)

Introduction

112

(1)

The Police Role

112

(4)

Crime-Fighting Role

112

(1)

Order Maintenance Role

113

(1)

Ambiguity of the Police Role

114

(2)

Goals and Objectives of Policing

116

(1)

Primary Goals and Objectives

116

(1)

Secondary Goals and Objectives

116

(1)

Police Operational Styles

117

(2)

Broderick's Police Operational Styles

117

(1)

Wilson's Police Operational Styles

118

(1)

Police Discretion

119

(4)

What Is Discretion?

119

(2)

How Is Discretion Exercised?

121

(1)

Why Is Discretion Exercised?

121

(1)

What Factors Influence Discretion?

121

(2)

How Can Discretion Be Controlled?

123

(1)

Chapter Summary

123

(4)

Chapter 6 The Police Culture: Personality and Stress

127

(20)

Introduction

128

(1)

The Police Culture or Subculture

128

(1)

The Police Personality

129

(4)

What Is the Police Personality?

129

(2)

Are They Born Like That, or Is It the Job?

131

(2)

Police Cynicism

133

(1)

The Dirty Harry Problem

133

(2)

Police Stress

135

(6)

What Is Stress?

135

(1)

Nature of Stress in Policing

135

(1)

Factors Causing Stress in Policing

136

(1)

Effects of Stress on Police Officers

137

(1)

Stress and Police Families

138

(1)

Police Departments Dealing with Stress

139

(1)

Testing for Ability to Handle Stress

140

(1)

Police Suicide

141

(1)

Chapter Summary

142

(5)

PART III POLICE OPERATIONS

147

(140)

Chapter 7 Police Operations: The Traditional Approach

147

(24)

Introduction

148

(1)

Traditional Methods of Police Work

148

(1)

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work

148

(1)

Random Routine Patrol: The Kansas City Study

149

(2)

The Kansas City Study in Brief

149

(1)

Results of the Kansas City Study

150

(1)

Critiques of the Kansas City Study

150

(1)

Value of the Kansas City Study

151

(1)

Rapid Response to Citizens' 911 Calls

151

(2)

Early Studies of Rapid Response

152

(1)

Later Studies of Rapid Response

152

(1)

Retroactive Investigation of Past Crimes by Detectives

153

(1)

Police Patrol Operations

154

(9)

Activities of the Patrol Officer

154

(1)

The Legacy of O.W. Wilson

155

(1)

Academic Studies of the Police Patrol Function

155

(4)

From the Foot Beat to the Patrol Car

159

(2)

Return to Foot Patrol

161

(1)

Why Walking Works Better Than Driving

162

(1)

Detective Operations

163

(2)

What Do Detectives Do?

163

(1)

The Detective Mystique

164

(1)

Police Traffic Operations

165

(1)

Police Special Operations

165

(2)

SWAT Teams

165

(1)

Emergency Service Units

166

(1)

Chapter Summary

167

(4)

Chapter 8 Police Operations: A New Approach

171

(24)

Introduction

172

(1)

Alternatives to Random Routine Patrol and Rapid Response to Citizens' 911 Calls

172

(3)

Directed Patrol

172

(2)

Split Force Patrol

174

(1)

Differential Response to Calls for Service

174

(1)

Alternatives to Retroactive Investigation of Past Crimes by Detectives

175

(3)

Improved Investigation of Past Crimes

176

(2)

Repeat Offender Programs (ROPS)

178

(1)

New, Proactive Tactics

178

(8)

Uniformed Tactical Operations

178

(4)

Decoy Operations

182

(1)

Stakeout Operations

183

(1)

Sting Operations

183

(1)

Civil Liability and Code Enforcement Teams

184

(1)

Efforts against Drunk Drivers

184

(2)

Undercover Operations

186

(4)

Police Undercover Investigations

186

(1)

Federal Undercover Investigations

186

(1)

Private Security Undercover Investigations

186

(3)

Drug Undercover Investigations

189

(1)

Entrapment

190

(1)

Chapter Summary

191

(4)

Chapter 9 Police and the Community

195

(34)

Introduction

196

(1)

The Need for Proper Police-Community Relationships

196

(1)

Human Relations, Public Relations, Community Relations

197

(1)

Public Opinion and the Police

198

(2)

Police and Minority Communities

200

(4)

Multiculturalism

200

(1)

The African-American Community

201

(1)

The Hispanic-American Community

202

(1)

The Asian-American Community

203

(1)

Native Americans

203

(1)

Women

203

(1)

The Gay Community

203

(1)

New Immigrants

204

(1)

Police and Special Populations

204

(13)

Senior Citizens' Programs

204

(4)

Programs for Young People

208

(6)

Assistance for the Homeless

214

(2)

Help for Crime Victims

216

(1)

Help for Disabled People

216

(1)

Community Crime Prevention Programs

217

(5)

Neighborhood Watch Programs

217

(1)

Crime Stoppers

218

(1)

Citizen Patrols

218

(1)

Citizen Marches

219

(1)

Citizen Volunteer Programs

219

(1)

Home Security Surveys and Operation Identification

220

(1)

National Night Out

220

(1)

Police Storefront Stations or Ministations

221

(1)

Mass Media Campaigns

221

(1)

Citizen Police Academies

222

(1)

Other Police-Sponsored Crime Prevention Programs

222

(1)

Police and Business Cooperation

222

(1)

AmeriCorps and Policing

222

(2)

Chapter Summary

224

(5)

Chapter 10 Community Policing: The Debate Continues

229

(24)

Introduction

230

(1)

Corporate Strategies for Policing

230

(1)

The Philosophy of Community Policing and Problem-Solving Policing

231

(2)

Community Policing

233

(4)

Problem-Solving Policing

237

(2)

Current Ways of Doing Community Policing

239

(6)

Resident Officer Programs--The Ultimate in Community Policing?

242

(3)

The Federal Government and Community Policing

245

(2)

The Crime Bill

245

(1)

Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)

245

(2)

Community Policing Consortium

247

(1)

Some Accomplishments of Community Policing

247

(1)

Not All Agree with Community Policing

248

(1)

Chapter Summary

249

(5)

Chapter 11 Police and the Law

253

(34)

Introduction

254

(1)

Crime in the United States

254

(2)

How Do We Measure Crime?

254

(1)

How Much Crime Occurs in the United States?

255

(1)

Arrests in the United States

256

(1)

The Police and the U.S. Constitution

256

(7)

Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment

256

(2)

Role of the Supreme Court in Regulating the Police

258

(1)

The Exclusionary Rule

259

(4)

Impact of the Exclusionary Rule on the Police

263

(1)

The Police and Arrest

263

(3)

Probable Cause

264

(1)

Reasonable and Deadly Force in Making Arrests

264

(1)

Stopping Vehicles

265

(1)

The Police and Search and Seizure

266

(8)

The Warrant Requirement and the Search Warrant

266

(1)

Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement

267

(7)

The Police and Custodial Interrogation

274

(8)

The Path to Miranda

274

(2)

The Miranda Ruling

276

(2)

The Erosion of Miranda

278

(2)

1990s and Miranda

280

(2)

Miranda in Retrospect

282

(1)

The Police and Identification Procedures

282

(2)

Lineups, Showups, and Photo Arrays

282

(2)

Other Identification Procedures

284

(1)

Chapter Summary

284

(3)

PART IV CRITICAL ISSUING IN POLICING

287

(102)

Chapter 12 Police Ethics and Police Deviance

287

(24)

Introduction

288

(1)

Ethics and the Police

288

(2)

The Dilemma of Law Versus Order

290

(1)

Review of the Police

290

(1)

Police Corruption

291

(7)

Corruption Makes Good Books and Films

291

(1)

Examples of Police Corruption

292

(1)

Types and Forms of Corruption

293

(3)

Effects of Police Corruption

296

(1)

Reasons for Police Corruption

296

(1)

Responses to Police Corruption

297

(1)

Other Police Misconduct

298

(2)

Drug Abuse and Trafficking

298

(1)

Drinking and Alcohol Abuse

298

(1)

Cooping

299

(1)

Police Deception

299

(1)

Abuse of Authority

299

(1)

Police Brutality

300

(6)

Tradition of Police Brutality

300

(1)

Examples of Police Brutality

300

(2)

Is Brutality Really the Problem?

302

(1)

Police Department Responses to Police Brutality

303

(2)

Citizen Oversight

305

(1)

Chapter Summary

306

(5)

Chapter 13 Women and Minorities in Policing

311

(22)

Introduction

312

(1)

Discrimination in Policing

312

(4)

Discrimination against Women

312

(2)

Discrimination against Racial and Ethnic Minorities

314

(2)

Discrimination against Gay Officers

316

(1)

How Did Women and Minorities Achieve Equality?

316

(3)

Civil Rights Act of 1964

316

(1)

Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972

317

(1)

Federal Courts and Job Discrimination

317

(1)

Affirmative Action Programs

318

(1)

White Male Backlash

319

(1)

Can Women and Minorities Do the Job?

320

(3)

Academic Studies of Female Officers

320

(3)

Academic Studies of African-American Officers

323

(1)

Women and Minorities in Policing Today

323

(3)

Female Representation Today

324

(1)

African-American and Other Minority Representation Today

325

(1)

Problems Persist for Women and Minorities in Policing

326

(3)

Problems for Women

326

(2)

Problems for African-Americans and Other Minorities

328

(1)

Chapter Summary

329

(4)

Chapter 14 Technology in Policing

333

(30)

Introduction

334

(1)

Computers in Policing

334

(8)

Computer-Aided Dispatch (CAD)

334

(3)

Automated Databases

337

(1)

Automated Crime Analysis

338

(1)

Computer-Aided Investigation

338

(2)

Computer-Assisted Instruction

340

(1)

Administrative Uses of Computers

340

(1)

Computer Networks/The Internet

341

(1)

Innovations in Fingerprinting

342

(3)

Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems

343

(2)

Other Fingerprinting Innovations

345

(1)

Less-Than-Lethal Weapons

345

(2)

Chemical Irritant Sprays

346

(1)

The TASER and Other Stun Devices

346

(1)

Safety and Effectiveness of Less-Than-Lethal Weapons

346

(1)

Surveillance Technology

347

(1)

Surveillance Vans

348

(1)

Night Vision Devices

348

(1)

Advanced Photographic Techniques

348

(2)

Mug Shot Imaging

348

(1)

Age Progression Photographs

349

(1)

Composite Sketches

349

(1)

Modern Forensic or Criminalistic Techniques

350

(4)

The Modern Crime Lab

352

(1)

Crime Lab Accreditation

352

(1)

Some New Laboratory Criminalistic Techniques

353

(1)

DNA Profiling

354

(4)

The Blooding

355

(1)

The Castro Case

356

(1)

The Frye Test

356

(1)

The Debate Goes On

356

(2)

Videotaping

358

(1)

Robots

358

(1)

Fear of Technology by Civil Libertarians

358

(1)

Chapter Summary

359

(4)

Chapter 15 Specific Police Problems and Issues

363

(26)

Introduction

364

(1)

Police and Danger

364

(6)

Officers Killed in the Line of Duty

364

(4)

Officers Assaulted in the Line of Duty

368

(1)

Police and AIDS

369

(1)

Police Shootings: Use of Deadly Force

370

(4)

Number of Citizens Shot by the Police

370

(1)

Police Shooting Rates by City, Region, and State

370

(1)

Do Police Discriminate with Their Trigger Fingers?

370

(1)

Departure from the "Fleeing Felon" Rule

371

(3)

Police Automobile Pursuits

374

(2)

Studies Involving Police Pursuits

374

(1)

Establishment of Police Pursuit Policies

375

(1)

Police and Domestic Violence

376

(2)

Traditional Police Response to Domestic Violence

376

(1)

Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment

376

(1)

Police Response to Domestic Violence Today

377

(1)

Police and Radical and Hate Groups

378

(3)

Police Civil and Criminal Liability

381

(3)

State Liability

382

(1)

Federal Liability

382

(1)

Reasons for Suing Police Officers

382

(1)

Effects of Lawsuits on Police Departments and Officers

383

(1)

Chapter Summary

384

(5)

Appendix A Sources of Employment Information in Law Enforcement

389

(4)

Appendix B The "Law Enforcement Code of Ethics" and "The Police Code of Conduct"

393

(4)

Appendix C The National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, Washington, D.C.

397

(2)

Appendix D Police-Related Associations and Organizations

399

(6)

Bibliography

405

(10)

Index

415

(15)

Photo Credits

430

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

An Introduction to Policing

An Introduction to Policing

9780534546755

0534546757

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

An Introduction to Policing

An Introduction to Policing

9780534546755

0534546757

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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