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Historical Introduction to Philosophy

by: Hakim, Albert B.

Historical Introduction to Philosophy

by: Hakim, Albert B.

ISBN 13:
9780130316776
ISBN 10:
0130316776
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/01/2006
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
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Summary

For undergraduate courses in Introduction to Philosophy. This text/anthology is designed to lead beginning students to an appreciation of Western philosophy through an exploration of its history, the problems (classical questions) it has dealt with, and the major philosophers and their works within that historical setting. The work provides substantive biographical profiles and historical analyses.

Table of Problems: Readings

Preface

xxi

Introduction

xxiii

Part One: The ancient Period

The Spirit of Greek Philosophy: Philosophy as Wonder

(3)

The Predecessors of Socrates

(19)

Reading:

Selected Fragments from the Pre-Socratics

(11)

Socrates (469--399 B.C.)

(24)

Readings:

The Trial of Socrates (Plato's Apology)

(18)

The Death of Socrates (from Plato's Phaedo)

(3)

Plato (427--347 B.C.)

(38)

Readings:

Doctrine of Forms (General statement, from Parmenides)

(2)

Doctrine of Forms (Creation Myth, from Timaeus)

(3)

Knowledge: Analogy of the Cave (from The Republic, Book VII)

(2)

Learning as Recollection (from Meno)

(5)

Socrates' Dinner-Party Speech (from Symposium)

(9)

Virtue and the Highest Good (from Laws, Book IV)

(2)

Laying the Groundwork for Justice (from The Republic, Book II)

(6)

The Philosopher King: 1(Republic, Book V)

(1)

The Philosopher King: 2 (from Epistle VII, to the friends and companions of Dion)

(3)

Aristotle (384--322 B.C.)

(36)

Readings:

Toward a Definition of Wisdom (from Metaphysics, Book I)

(3)

The Prime Mover: One and Eternal (from Physics, Books I and VIII)

(4)

Thought, Contemplation, and the Life of God (from Metaphysics, Book XII)

102

(2)

Happiness and Man's Good (from Nicomachean Ethics, Book I)

104

(3)

Moral Virtue and the Mean (from Nicomachean Ethics, Book II)

107

(4)

The End of Human Nature: Happiness (from Nicomachean Ethics, Book X)

111

(3)

Wisdom and Virtue as the Basis of Society (from Politics, Book VII)

114

(2)

The Civil Society (from Politics, Book I)

116

(5)

Epicurus (341--270 B.C.)

121

(12)

Readings:

The Letter of Epicurus to Herodotus

124

(9)

The Stoics: Epictetus (A.D. 50--138) and Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 121--180)

133

(24)

Readings:

Cleanthes' Hymn to Zeus

141

(1)

The Manual of Epictetus

142

(4)

The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius

146

(5)

Part Two: The Medieval Period

The Spirit of Medieval Philosophy: Philosophy Meets Theology

151

(6)

St. Augustine (354--430)

157

(32)

Readings:

Augustine's Conversion (from Confessions, Book Eight: iii, vii, viii, xii)

164

(2)

On Love of God (from Confessions, chap. x)

166

(2)

The Problem of Human Freedom (from On Free Choice of the Will)

168

(6)

The Problem of Evil: 1 (from Confessions)

174

(3)

The Problem of Evil: 2 (from Enchiridion)

177

(3)

The Mystery of Time (from Confessions, Book Eleven)

180

(9)

St. Thomas Aquinas (1225--1274)

189

(38)

Readings:

On the Existence of God (from Summa theologiae, Part I)

197

(4)

On the Soul (from Summa theologiae, Part I)

201

(7)

The Unity of Man (from Summa theologiae, Part I)

208

(4)

On Happiness (from Summa contra Gentes, IV)

212

(4)

On the Essence of Law (from Summa theologiae, Parts I-II)

216

(5)

On the Various Kinds of Law (from Summa theologiae, Parts I-II)

221

(6)

William of Ockham (c. 1280--1349)

227

(20)

Readings:

On the Problem of Universals (from Logic, I, 14)

236

(1)

A Universal Is Not a Thing Outside the Mind (from Logic, I, 15)

237

(1)

A Universal Is Indistinct Knowledge of Many (from Commentary on Aristotle's `On Interpretation')

238

(1)

On Being (from Logic, I, 38)

239

(1)

Book I (ordinatio), Distinction 2, Question IX (from Commentary on the `Sentences')

239

(2)

Part Three: The Modern Period

The Spirit of Modern Philosophy: Philosophy and the Rise of Science

241

(6)

Rene Descartes (1596--1650)

247

(32)

Readings:

Discourse on Method

253

(3)

Meditations on First Philosophy

256

(4)

Meditations on the First Philosophy in which the Existence of God and the Distinction Between Mind and Body Are Demonstrated

260

(19)

Baruch Spinoza (1632--1677)

279

(14)

Readings:

Definitions and Axioms (from Ethics, Part I)

283

(2)

Seven Propositions on Substance (from Ethics, Part I)

285

(1)

The Third Degree of Knowledge and the Love of God (from Ethics, Part V)

286

(7)

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646--1716)

293

(16)

Readings:

From The Monadology

298

(7)

Evil as Privation (from Theodicy, #20)

305

(1)

The Analogy of the Boat (from Theodicy, #30-1)

305

(2)

No Better World Possible (from Theodicy, #193-5)

307

(2)

Thomas Hobbes (1588--1679)

309

(20)

Readings:

From Leviathan, or the Matter, Form, and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiastical and Civil

315

(14)

John Locke (1632--1704)

329

(38)

Readings:

From Essay Concerning Human Understanding

338

(21)

From The Second Treatise of Civil Government

359

(8)

George Berkeley (1685--1753)

367

(12)

Readings:

From A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

371

(8)

David Hume (1711--1776)

379

(28)

Readings:

Impression and Ideas (from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Section II)

384

(1)

Doubts Concerning the Understanding: The Cause-and-Effect Relationship (from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Section IV)

385

(9)

The Advantages of Scepticism (from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Section XII, Part III)

394

(3)

Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion

397

(10)

Immanuel Kant (1724--1804)

407

(26)

Readings:

Introduction (from Critique of Pure Reason)

413

(6)

Transcendental Illusion (from Critique of Pure Reason)

419

(2)

The Three Regulative Ideas of Pure Reason (from Critique of Pure Reason)

421

(4)

The Categorical Imperative (from Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morlas)

425

(3)

Postulates of Pure Practical Reason (from Critique of Practical Reason)

428

(5)

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770--1831)

433

(12)

Readings:

The Absolute as Process of Self-Becoming (from Phenomenology of Spirit, Preface)

437

(4)

The Introduction to Phenomenology of Spirit: Consciousness and the Dialectical Process

441

(4)

John Stuart Mill (1806--1873)

445

(26)

Readings:

What Utilitarianism Is (from Utilitarianism)

451

(3)

Of the Law of Universal Causation (from A System of Logic)

454

(5)

On the Probable Futurity of the Labouring Classes (from Principles of Political Economy)

459

(2)

Liberty (from On Liberty)

461

(6)

Part Four: The Contemporary Period

The Spirit of Contemporary Philosophy: The Ascendancy of the Person

467

(4)

Soren Kierkegaard (1813--1855)

471

(20)

Readings:

The Search for Personal Meaning (from Journals)

476

(3)

Abraham and ``Breaking Through the Universal'' (from Fear and Trembling)

479

(4)

The Subjective Truth, Inwardness; Truth Is Subjectivity (from Concluding Unscientific Postscript)

483

(8)

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844--1900)

491

(18)

Readings:

The Death of God and the Ascendancy of the Overman (from Thus Spoke Zarathustra)

496

(4)

Fearlesness (from The Gay Science)

500

(2)

Anti-Christ and Revaluation (from The Anti-Christ)

502

(7)

Karl Marx (1816--1883)

509

(16)

Readings:

A Chapter in the Exploitation of the Working Man (from Das Kapital)

513

(5)

On the Alienation of Man (from Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts)

518

(7)

Henri Bergson (1859--1941)

525

(14)

Readings:

From Creative Evolution

529

(7)

Open Morality and Dynamic Religion (from The Two Sources of Morality and Religion)

536

(3)

William James (1842--1910)

539

(20)

Readings:

The Meaning of Pragmatism (from What Is Pragmatism?)

543

(2)

The Pragmatic Method Applied to the Problem of Substance (from What Is Pragmatism?)

545

(1)

The Pragmatic Method Applied to the Problem of Religion (from What Is Pragmatism?)

546

(1)

The Will to Believe

547

(12)

Edmund Husserl (1859--1938)

559

(12)

Readings:

Author's Preface to the English Edition (from Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology)

565

(6)

Martin Heidegger (1889--1976)

571

(20)

Readings:

The Fundamental Question of Metaphysics (from An Introduction to Metaphysics)

577

(3)

Selections from Being and Time

580

(1)

Being-in-the-World in General as the Basic State of Dasein

581

(10)

Jean-Paul Sartre (1905--1980)

591

(20)

Readings:

The Meaning of Existentialism (from Existentialism and Humanism)

596

(4)

Reflections on Being and Nothingness (from Being and Nothingness)

600

(11)

Bertrand Russell (1872--1970)

611

(20)

Readings:

Mathematics and Logic (from Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy)

615

(8)

Man's Place in the Universe (from An Outline of Philosophy)

623

(6)

The Value of Philosophy (from The Problems of Philososphsy)

629

(2)

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889--1951)

631

(22)

Readings:

Preface to Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

638

(1)

Language as Picture (from Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus)

639

(6)

Beyond the Limits of Language (from Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus)

645

(2)

Language as Language-Games (from Philosophical Investigations)

647

(6)

Current Dimensions

653

(42)

Women Philosophers: Susanne K. Langer

653

(3)

Readings:

From Philosophy in a New Key

656

(5)

W. V. Quine

661

(2)

Readings:

Interview with W.V. Quine (from Men of Ideas with Bryan Magee)

663

(11)

John Searle

674

(1)

Readings:

From The Rediscovery of the Mind (chap. 1 and 2)

675

(3)

The Other Me (Review of Ray Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines)

678

(2)

John Rawls

680

(2)

Readings:

The Main Idea of A Theory of Justice

682

(3)

Two Principles of Justice

685

(1)

Peter Singer

686

(2)

Readings:

A Broadly Utilitarian Position (from Practical Ethics, second edition, chap. 1 and 2)

688

(2)

Equality for Animals?

690

(5)

Epilogue Past, Present, Future: Philososphy as Perennial

695

(8)

Glossary

703

(6)

Index

709

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Historical Introduction to Philosophy

Historical Introduction to Philosophy

9780130316776

0130316776

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Historical Introduction to Philosophy

Historical Introduction to Philosophy

9780130316776

0130316776

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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