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Exploring Child Welfare: A Practice Perspective (Book Alone)

ISBN: 9780205487776 | 0205487777
Edition: 4th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
Pub. Date: 1/1/2007

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SummaryTable of Contents
"Exploring Child Welfare provides an overall look at all aspects of the provision of services for children and their families, from services that enhance and support family life to those that substitute for the child's own home." The Fourth Edition of this accessible and engaging text continues to reflect the author's strong practice perspective and incorporates new developments in welfare reform and child welfare services. The author bases her work on more than 30 years of experience in almost all areas of children's services, including protective services, foster care, adoption, court services, residential treatment and school-based services.
Prefacexvii
Children: Our Most Important Resource
1(22)
A Brief History of Child Welfare
3(14)
... MORE
Abortion, Infanticide, and Abandonment
3(1)
Child Labor and Education
4(3)
Responsibility for Children
7(2)
Advocacy in the Provision of Services for Children
9(3)
The Current Picture of Child Welfare Services
12(3)
Impact of Current Child Welfare Practices on Children
15(1)
Services in the Twenty-First Century
16(1)
Providing Services for Children Today
17(2)
Summary
19(1)
Exploration Questions
20(1)
References
20(3)
The Changing Family
23(40)
The Responsibilities and Rights of the Family
25(1)
The Setting for Today's Family
26(1)
Profile of Today's Family
26(5)
Family Roles and Rules
27(1)
Communication Patterns
28(1)
Observation of the Family as a System
29(2)
Types of Families
31(2)
The Emotional Climate of Families
33(3)
The Impact of Culture on Families
36(14)
Families with Anglo-European Roots
37(2)
Families with Native American Roots
39(2)
Families with African American Roots
41(3)
Families with Hispanic Roots
44(2)
Families with Asian Roots
46(2)
Families with Middle Eastern Roots
48(2)
The Family Life Cycle
50(3)
Stresses on Families
53(3)
Parental/Family Dysfunction
53(1)
Role Definition and Inequality
54(1)
Parent--Child Relations
54(1)
Disability
55(1)
When Families Need Help
56(1)
Trends
57(2)
Economic Stressors
57(1)
The Optional Status of Marriage
57(1)
The Vanishing Father
58(1)
Blended Families
58(1)
Resolution of Childhood Conflicts
58(1)
Changes in Family Control
59(1)
Summary
59(1)
Exploration Questions
60(1)
References
60(3)
Children and Poverty
63(25)
Judy A. Noel
Dee L. Whyte
Characteristics of Poor Children
65(1)
Poverty Defined
66(2)
Why Children Live in Poverty
68(2)
Consequences of Growing Up in Poverty
70(7)
Life Stressor Factors
72(2)
Health and Health Care Factors
74(1)
Nutritional Factors
75(1)
Environmental Factors
76(1)
Educational Factors
77(1)
Recent Efforts to Fight Poverty
77(3)
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
78(1)
Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC)
79(1)
Child Tax Credit
79(1)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
79(1)
Minimum Wage Increase
80(1)
State Child Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)
80(1)
The Economics of Poverty
80(1)
Reducing Child Poverty
81(3)
Attitudinal Changes
81(1)
Complex Combination of Two-Generational Strategies
82(2)
An Important Footnote
84(1)
Summary
85(1)
Exploration Questions
86(1)
References
86(2)
Current Societal Problems and Their Impact on Children: Violence, Addiction, and Homelessness
88(34)
Children and Violence
89(9)
War in the Streets
90(4)
Violence in Relationships
94(1)
The School as a War Zone
95(1)
The Home as a War Zone
96(2)
Children and Substance Abuse
98(11)
Addicted Parents
98(6)
Addicted Children and Adolescents
104(4)
Effects and Treatment of Adolescent Drug Abuse
108(1)
Homeless Families
109(6)
Causes of Homelessness
110(1)
Homeless Families and Children
110(3)
Effects of Homelessness on Children
113(2)
Homeless and Runaway Youths
115(2)
Changing View of Runaway and Homeless Youths
116(1)
Problems and Solutions for Runaway/Homeless Youths
117(1)
Summary
117(1)
Exploration Questions
118(1)
References
119(3)
Serving the Developing Child: Daycare and School-Based Services
122(28)
Denise A. O'Connell
Maureen C. Moorehouse
Elaine Francis
Mary Ann Hanley
Matthew D. Porter
Daycare: Serving Infants and Preschool Children
122(8)
A Brief History of Daycare Provision
123(1)
Examining the Goals of Daycare Provision
124(2)
Types of Daycare
126(4)
School-Based Programs
130(17)
Philosophy of Education
130(2)
Student Support Programs: Addressing Academic, Social, and Emotional Needs
132(7)
A Team Approach: Parents and Professionals as Partners
139(1)
Controversial Issues and Dilemmas in the Provision of Services
140(3)
Trends in the Provision of Educational Services
143(4)
Summary
147(1)
Exploration Questions
147(1)
References
148(2)
Counseling for Families and Children
150(34)
Lloyd T. Williams
What Is Counseling?
151(1)
Basic Assumptions
151(1)
When a Family Might Seek Counseling
152(2)
Self-Referrals
152(1)
Referrals by Outside Agencies
153(1)
Attitudes about Receiving Counseling
154(6)
Self-Referred Clients
154(1)
Clients Referred from Outside Agencies
155(1)
Attitudes about Having a Problem
155(3)
Ethnic and Cross-Cultural Considerations
158(2)
Changing Attitudes about Counseling
160(2)
Medical Model versus Holistic Model
160(1)
The Impact of Feminism
161(1)
Types of Counseling
162(1)
The Professions
162(1)
Settings
163(1)
The Counseling Process
163(4)
Assessment, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment Planning
163(2)
Modalities
165(2)
The Experience of Counseling
167(5)
Consumer Perspective
167(2)
Professional Perspective
169(3)
Trends in Counseling Services
172(4)
External Forces
172(2)
Internal Forces
174(1)
Evolving Frontiers in Theory and Practice
175(1)
Ethical Considerations in Counseling
176(5)
Confidentiality
176(1)
The Dilemma of Diagnosis
177(1)
Training
177(1)
Value System Differences
178(1)
Counselor/Client Boundaries
178(1)
Power
179(1)
Counseling as a Healing Art versus the Business of Mental Health
179(2)
Band-Aids versus Commitment to Social Change
181(1)
Summary
181(1)
Exploration Questions
182(1)
References
182(2)
Protecting Children When Families Cannot: Child Abuse and Neglect
184(44)
Historical View
184(6)
Societal Role of Children
184(1)
Child Neglect throughout History
185(1)
Child Labor and Maltreatment
186(1)
Sexual Mores and Abuses
187(1)
Efforts to Control Child Abuse
188(2)
Maltreatment Defined
190(22)
Physical Abuse
190(5)
Physical Neglect
195(5)
Sexual Abuse
200(10)
Emotional or Psychological Abuse
210(2)
Reporting Child Maltreatment
212(4)
Intake
212(2)
Assessment
214(2)
Case Management and Treatment
216(1)
Court Intervention in Protective Cases
216(4)
Juvenile or Civil Court
217(1)
Criminal Court
218(1)
The Effect of Court Involvement on Children
219(1)
The Role of the Protective Services Worker
220(2)
Future of Protective Services
222(3)
Narrowing of Services
223(2)
Summary
225(1)
Exploration Questions
225(1)
References
226(2)
Family Preservation or Child Placement?: Serving the Child's Best Interests
228(24)
Brief History of Family-Based Services
229(5)
Almshouses and Charities
229(1)
Scientific Philanthropy
230(1)
Settlement House Influence
230(1)
Mothers' Pensions
231(1)
Public Child Welfare Services
231(1)
The Emerging Concept of Permanency Planning
232(2)
Demonstrating Effectiveness of Family-Based Services
234(1)
Types of Family-Based Services
234(7)
Family Support Services
235(1)
Family Preservation Services
236(3)
Kinship Care: Family Preservation or Child Placement?
239(2)
Family Preservation Worker
241(2)
Preserve the Family or Place the Child?
243(2)
Shaping the Future of Family-Based Services
245(3)
Screening of At-Risk Clients
245(1)
Attention to Cultural Diversity
246(1)
Selection and Training of Workers
246(1)
Supervision and Consultation
247(1)
Operationalism of Program Design Goals
247(1)
Building Community Supports
247(1)
Evaluation and Research
248(1)
Summary
248(1)
Exploration Questions
249(1)
References
250(2)
Court Services on Behalf of Children
252(23)
Judy A. Noel
Historical Perspective
253(5)
The Child Savers
254(1)
Reform School Movement
254(1)
The Concept of Parens Patriae
255(1)
The Emergence of the Juvenile Court
256(2)
Situations Warranting Juvenile Court Intervention
258(4)
Delinquency
259(1)
Status Offenses
260(1)
Dependency, Abuse, and Neglect
261(1)
Related Situations Involving Court Intervention
262(1)
Factors Influencing Court Intervention
262(1)
The Rights of Juveniles
263(1)
Advocating for Children
264(1)
Juvenile Court Process and Procedures
264(2)
Intake Stage
265(1)
Adjudication Stage
265(1)
Disposition Stage
266(1)
The Role of the Social Worker and the Court
266(1)
Consumer Perspective
267(2)
Alternative Approaches to Court Intervention
269(1)
Diversion
269(1)
Treatment of Juvenile Offenders
270(1)
Trends
271(1)
Should There Be a Separate Juvenile Court?
271(1)
Should Status Offenders Come under the Jurisdiction of the Juvenile Court?
271(1)
What Should Be Done with Serious Offenders?
272(1)
Summary
272(1)
Exploration Questions
273(1)
References
273(2)
Teenage Pregnancy and Parenting
275(28)
Lynne Kellner
Definition of Terms
276(1)
Historical Perspective
277(2)
Through the Eyes of Society: Myths Revisited
279(1)
Welfare Mothers
279(1)
Medical Concerns
279(1)
Development of the Children
280(1)
Demographics
280(3)
Teens at Risk
283(3)
Family Function
283(1)
Socioeconomic Status
284(1)
Previous Sexual Abuse and Date Rape
284(1)
Educational and Behavioral Difficulties
285(1)
How Teens Make Decisions about Fertility and Childrearing
286(2)
Fathers
288(2)
A Teen's View
290(1)
Services: Primary Prevention
291(3)
Programs Focusing on Sexual Antecedents
291(1)
Programs Focusing on Nonsexual Antecedents
292(1)
Programs Focusing on Sexual and Nonsexual Antecedents
293(1)
Culturally Sensitive Interventions
294(1)
Services: Secondary Prevention
294(2)
Teen Parents and Their Families
295(1)
Keeping Fathers Involved
295(1)
Child Care
295(1)
Parenting Programs
296(1)
Residential Programs
296(1)
Trends in Teen Pregnancy Prevention
296(2)
Legislative Initiatives
296(1)
Focus on Research
297(1)
Philosophical Shifts
297(1)
The Media
297(1)
Summary
298(1)
Exploration Questions
299(1)
References
299(4)
Children in Family Foster Care
303(35)
History of Family Foster Care
304(3)
Early Beginnings
304(2)
Foster Care in Recent Years
306(1)
The Nature of Foster Care Today
307(5)
Types of Foster Homes
308(2)
Reasons Children Come into Foster Care
310(2)
Foster Parents
312(7)
Recruitment
313(2)
Homestudy and Training
315(1)
Placement and Follow-Up
316(1)
Stresses of Being a Foster Parent
317(1)
Foster Parents as Part of the Team
318(1)
Birth Parents with Children in Foster Care
319(3)
Attitudes and Reactions
319(2)
Rights and Responsibilities of Birth Parents
321(1)
When Children Return Home
322(1)
Children in Foster Care
322(5)
Feelings about Placement and Separation
322(2)
Feelings about Natural Parents
324(1)
Feelings about Foster Parents
324(1)
Life in Foster Care
325(1)
Leaving Foster Care
325(2)
The Role of the Foster Care Social Worker
327(3)
The Future of Foster Care
330(4)
Political Influences
330(1)
Trends
331(3)
Summary
334(1)
Exploration Questions
335(1)
References
336(2)
The Adoption of Children
338(47)
The History of Adoption
339(3)
Definitions and Assumptions
342(4)
Types of Adoption
343(3)
Issues in Adoption Today
346(8)
Decreased Number of Adoptable Children
346(1)
Changes in Types of Children Available for Adoption
347(1)
Controversy over Agency-Assisted versus Independent Adoptions
348(3)
Adoption Distruptions and the Need for Follow-Up
351(1)
Openness in Adoption
352(1)
Effects of Adoption on Children
353(1)
Adoptive Participants
354(11)
Birth Parents
354(4)
Children Available for Adoption
358(4)
Adoptive Applicants
362(3)
The Adoptive Process
365(8)
The Homestudy
365(2)
Placement and Legalization
367(2)
Postlegalization Services
369(2)
Adoption Disruption
371(2)
The Role of the Adoption Worker
373(1)
The Search
373(3)
Supporters of the Search
373(1)
Who Searches
374(1)
Search Outcome
374(1)
Sealed Records
375(1)
Consent Contracts
375(1)
Trends
376(4)
Children Available for Adoption
376(1)
Permanency Planning
377(1)
Placement Services for Adolescents
377(1)
Resources Available
378(1)
Lifelong Services
379(1)
Summary
380(1)
Exploration Questions
381(1)
References
382(3)
Children in Residential Settings
385(42)
Historical Perspective
385(3)
Assumptions about Residential Care
388(2)
Types of Residential Settings
390(4)
Diagnostic Services
391(1)
Intense Therapeutic Services for Dependent Children
391(1)
Residential Treatment Centers
391(2)
Rehabilitative or Secure Treatment for Delinquents
393(1)
Centers for Children with Severe Special Needs
393(1)
Children in Residential Settings
394(3)
Reasons for Referral
394(2)
Adjustment to Placement
396(1)
Life in a Residential Setting
397(10)
Components of a Residential Setting
397(2)
Token Economy and Phase System
399(1)
The Influence of Peer Culture
400(1)
Handling Crises in Residential Settings
401(2)
Sexually Acting Out in Residential Care
403(3)
Sexual Abuse of Children in Residential Care
406(1)
Working with Families of Children in Residential Care
407(5)
Motivation of Parents
407(3)
Types of Family Treatment
410(1)
Problems in Working with Families
411(1)
The Role of Staff in a Residential Setting
412(4)
Residential Staff
412(1)
Educational Staff
413(1)
Clinical Staff
414(1)
Other Staff Functions
415(1)
The Frustrations of Staff
415(1)
Termination
416(4)
Return Home
416(1)
Placement in a Foster Home or a Less Restrictive Environment
417(1)
Placement in a More Restrictive Setting
418(1)
Hospitalization
418(1)
Independent Living
419(1)
Problems within Residential Settings
420(1)
Staff Issues
420(1)
Abuse in Residential Settings
421(1)
Problems for Residential Centers within the Community
421(1)
Community Support
421(1)
Detriments to Residentially Placed Youths' Education
421(1)
Trends
422(1)
Population Served Requires a Change in Emphasis
422(1)
Restriction in Funding
422(1)
More Effective Evaluation
423(1)
Family Involvement
423(1)
Summary
423(1)
Exploration Questions
424(1)
References
424(3)
Our Children's Future
427(13)
What Is in Our Children's Future?
427(7)
Children's Status
428(1)
Children in Poverty
429(1)
Children at Risk
430(2)
Children and Health
432(1)
Children and Education
433(1)
Preparing Those Who Help Children
434(1)
Child Welfare in the Twenty-First Century
435(2)
Summary
437(1)
Exploration Questions
437(1)
References
438(2)
Name Index440(5)
Subject Index445

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