This resource provides a broad, self-contained, and modern introduction to color vision and science, emphasizing measurements of human visual performance but connecting to engineering, computations, neurophysiology, anatomy, and cognition. The fundamentals section introduces the key basic concepts underlying our scientific understanding of color, while the advanced topics may be read selectively by readers most interested in a particular area. Although the book constitutes required reading for those intending to specialize in color, it also offers an important resource for a larger audience in those allied fields using color in their work.