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Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

by: Gagnon, Robert

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

by: Gagnon, Robert

ISBN 13:
9780827378834
ISBN 10:
0827378831
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 12/23/1996
Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Summary

This well illustrated, step-by-step approach is a vital reference for every inspector and designer of fire protection, sprinkler, architectural or engineering systems. Hydraulic calculations for the most commonly-encountered water-based fire protection systems are covered in detail. Manual hydraulic calculations are thoroughly covered and a computer disk is included providing the reader with the opportunity to calculate a wide variety of systems. Factors of successful design such as quality assurance, coordination, and ethical practice are covered to provide a realistic perspective on professional application of the methods presented. The latest technology, including the design of high speed water spray systems and water mist systems, is presented to reinforce the advances in water-based fire protection systems. (Keywords: Fire Protection Systems) ALSO AVAILABLE INSTRUCTOR SUPPLEMENTS CALL CUSTOMER SUPPORT TO ORDER Instructor's Guide, ISBN: 0-8273-7884-X

Foreword

xiii

(4)

Preface

xvii

(2)

About the Author

xix

(2)

Acknowledgments

xxi

(2)

Introduction

xxiii

WHO SHOULD USE THIS BOOK

xxiii

(1)

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK

xxiii

(1)

BASIC MATHEMATICS REQUIRED FOR THIS BOOK

xxiii

(1)

Metric Conversions

xxiv

(1)

Metric Units

xxiv

(1)

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES AND ROUNDING

xxv

(1)

NFPA PUBLICATIONS

xxv

(1)

FIRE PROTECTION AS A PROFESSION

xxvi

(1)

FIRE PROTECTION TECHNICIANS AND ENGINEERS

xxvii

(1)

ORAL, WRITTEN, AND GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION

xxviii

(1)

GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION DRAWING FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

xxviii

(1)

The Blank Page

xxix

(1)

Drafting Equipment

xxx

(1)

Drawing Surface

xxx

(1)

Drawing Parallel Lines

xxxi

(1)

Scales

xxxi

(1)

Drawing Media

xxxii

(1)

Drawing Arrangement

xxxiii

(1)

Computer-Aided Design

xxxiv

Chapter 1 Contract Drawings

(22)

CONTRACT DRAWINGS COVER SHEET

(1)

SITE DRAWINGS

(5)

ARCHITECTURAL PLANS

(15)

Building Sections

(1)

Reflected Ceiling Plans

(2)

Finish Schedule

(1)

STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS

(1)

Foundation Plans

(1)

Framing Plans

(1)

Branch Line Orientation

(1)

Using Framing Plans to Dimension a Sprinkler System

(2)

HVAC DRAWINGS

(2)

PLUMBING DRAWINGS

(1)

FIRE PROTECTION CONTROL DRAWINGS

(1)

ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS

(4)

Chapter 2 Contract Specifications

(12)

SPECIFICATION TYPES

(1)

Computer Specification Database

(1)

Performance Specifications and Detailed Specifications

(1)

SPECIFICATION FORMAT

(4)

Division 0: Instructions to Bidders

(1)

Division 1: General Requirements

(1)

Division 2: Site Work

(1)

Division 3-6: Concrete, Masonry, Metals, and Wood and Plaster

(1)

Division 7: Thermal and Moisture Protection

(1)

Division 8 and 9: Doors and Windows, and Finishes

(1)

Divisions 10-12, 14: Specialsties, Equipment, Furnishings, and Conveying Systems

(1)

Division 13: Special Construction

(1)

Division 15: Mechanical

(1)

Division 16: Electrical

(1)

SAMPLE SPECIFICATION

(6)

Chapter 3 Fire Protection Survey Procedure

(8)

GET YOUR BEARINGS

(1)

DETERMINING THE GENERAL BUILDING LAYOUT

(1)

BRING PROPER SURVEY EQUIPMENT

(1)

SURVEY BUILDING DETAILS

(1)

DEVELOP A SYSTEM DESIGN STRATEGY

(1)

Building Elevations

(1)

Ceiling Measurements

(1)

Water Supply Information

(1)

DRAW THE BUILDING AND LAY OUT THE SYSTEM

(1)

FIELD CHECK THE DRAWING

(1)

INSPECT THE SYSTEM AFTER INSTALLATION

(2)

Chapter 4 Underground Piping Design Procedure

(27)

OBTAIN REFERENCE MATERIAL AND TRACE OR SCAN BACKGROUND

(1)

DERTERMINE PIPE ROUTING

(1)

DRAW CUT-IN DETAIL

(1)

ADD INVERT PIPING ELEVATIONS AND PLAN DIMENSIONS

(3)

SPECIFY PIPING AND FITTINGS

(1)

DETAIL THRUST BLOCKS AND PIPING RESTRAINTS

(1)

DETAIL LOCATIONS OF FIRE HYDRANTS

(1)

PERFORM A WATER FLOW TEST

(12)

Flow Test Tools

(1)

Flow Test Protocol

(1)

Flow Test Procedures

(8)

DETAIL WATER SUPPLY INFORMATION ON PLANS

(5)

Chapter 5 Automatic Sprinklers Systems

(44)

SPRINKLER SYSTEMS--MYTH VERSUS FACT

(1)

STANDARDIZED AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM DESIGN

(1)

SPRINKLER SYSTEM DEFINITIONS

(1)

"Approved" versus "Listed"

(1)

"Shall" versus "Should"

(1)

"Fire Control" versus "Fire Suppression"

(1)

SPRINKLER TYPES

(1)

Old Style and Spray Sprinklers

(1)

Upright, Pendent, and Sidewall Sprinklers

(1)

Sprinkler Coverage

(1)

Sprinkler Response

(3)

Sprinklers for Storage Applications

(1)

SPRINKLER SYSTEM TYPES

(3)

Wet Pipe Systems

(1)

Dry Pipe Systems

(1)

Preaction and Deluge Systems

(2)

SPRINKLER SYSTEM COMPONENTS

(6)

Sprinklers

(1)

Piping and Tubing

(1)

Fittings

(2)

Hangers

(1)

Valves

(3)

DEVELOPING A SPRINKLER PLAN FOR APPROVAL

(27)

Collect and Review Data

(1)

Review Project Schedule

(1)

Trace or Scan Building Outline

(1)

Draw Necessary Building Detail

(1)

Determine Branch Line Logic

(2)

Determine System Type and Configuration

(2)

Determine the Hazard Class of the Occupancy

(1)

Determine the Area Protected by Each Sprinkler (A)

(2)

Determine the Number of Branch Lines

(2)

Determine the Distance between Branch Lines (L)

100

(1)

Determine the Maximum Allowable Distance between Sprinklers (S)

100

(1)

Determine the Minimum Number of Sprinklers on Each Branch Line

101

(1)

Determine the Actual Distance between Sprinklers (S actual)

102

(1)

Dimension Sprinklers and Piping on Your Drawing

102

(1)

Verify Sprinkler Coverage

102

(1)

Determine Crossmain Location

103

(1)

Assign Elevations to Piping

104

(1)

Locate System Risers

105

(1)

Select Hangers and Determine Hanger Rod Lengths

105

(1)

Determine Hanger Spacing

106

(2)

Add Final Details

108

(1)

Use the NFPA 13 Design Checklist

109

(1)

Perform Precalculation Field Check

109

(1)

Add Pipe Lengths and Verify Accuracy

109

(5)

Chapter 6 Hydraulic Calculation of Sprinkler Systems

114

(49)

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF HYDRAULICS

115

(22)

The Advantages of Water

115

(1)

The Properties of Water

116

(4)

Hydrostatics

120

(3)

Hydrokinetics

123

(3)

Friction Loss

126

(2)

Friction Loss Tables

128

(1)

Reducing Friction Loss

129

(1)

Friction Loss in Simple Pipe Loops

129

(3)

Friction Loss in Simple Loops--Equivalent Length

132

(4)

Analysis of Loop Calculation Results

136

(1)

HYDRAULIC CALCULATION METHOD FOR SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

137

(23)

Hand Calculations versus Computer Calculations

137

(1)

Choosing the Hydraulically Most Demanding Area

138

(1)

Hydraulic Calculations--Selection of occupancy

138

(1)

Selecting a Hydraulic Density

139

(3)

Determining the Length of the Design Area

142

(1)

Number of Sprinklers Flowing along the Length of the Design Area

143

(2)

Configuration of Sprinklers in the Design Area

145

(1)

Minimum Flow at the Hydraulically Most Demanding Sprinkler

146

(1)

Determining the Minimum Pressure at the Hydraulically Most Demanding Spinkler

146

(1)

Determining Friction loss

147

(1)

An Example Calculation

148

(8)

Fire Hose Streams

156

(1)

Graphing Results

156

(1)

Submitting Calculations for Approval

157

(1)

Velocity Pressure Calculations

157

(1)

Quick Response Sprinklers and the Design Area

158

(1)

Extended Coverage Sprinklers and the Design Area

159

(1)

COMPUTERIZED HYDRAULIC CALCULATION PROGRAMS

160

(3)

Use of the Computerized Hydraulic Program Included in This Book

160

(3)

Chapter 7 Specialized Piping and Calculation Methods

163

(30)

PIPE SCHEDULE DESIGNS

164

(1)

RESIDENTIAL SPRINKLER SYSTEM

165

(11)

One-and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes

165

(8)

Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories

173

(1)

Residential Occupancies Greater Than Four Stories

173

(1)

Freeze Protection for Residential Sprinkler Systems

173

(3)

SPRINKLER PROTECTION OF HIGH-PILED STORAGE OCCUPANCIES

176

(3)

ESFR Sprinklers

179

(1)

STANDPIPE AND HOSE SYSTEMS

179

(3)

FIRE PUMPS

182

(7)

Fire Pump Components

183

(1)

Calculating Pressure Differentials

184

(2)

When to Add a fire Pump

186

(1)

Graphing a Fire Pump Supply

186

(1)

Combining a Pump and City Supply

187

(1)

Sizing a Fire Pump

188

(1)

GRAVITY TANKS

189

(4)

Gravity Tank Calculation

189

(1)

Graphing a Gravity Tank Supply

190

(3)

Chapter 8 Water Spray System Design for Transformers

193

(31)

WATER SPRAY SYSTEMS

194

(3)

Water Supply Protection for a Power-Generating Plant

194

(2)

The Rankine Cycle

196

(1)

WATER SPRAY PROTECTION FOR TRANSFORMERS

197

(3)

Transformer Hazards

197

(1)

Personnel and Other Hazards

198

(1)

Power Generation

198

(1)

Oil Recovery and Reclamation

198

(1)

Extinguishment/Control Mechanism

198

(2)

TRANSFORMER DESIGN PROCEDURE

200

(24)

Compile Reference Data

200

(2)

Commence Layout

202

(2)

Transformer Loop Design

204

(2)

Calculation of Transformer Surface Area

206

(2)

Water Spray for Nonabsorbing Ground Surfaces

208

(1)

Recommendations for Water Spray System Layout

209

(4)

Hydraulic Calculation and Procedure for Transformers

213

(4)

Detection Systems

217

(7)

Chapter 9 Water Spray Design for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks or Vessels

224

(22)

HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH TANKS AND VESSELS

225

(1)

Piloted and Autoignition

225

(1)

Pool Fires

225

(1)

Pool Fires Containment

225

(1)

Pressure Spray Fires

225

(1)

Deflagration and Rupture

226

(1)

VESSEL PROTECTION MECHANISMS

226

(4)

Exposure Protection

226

(1)

Surface Cooling

227

(1)

Rundown

227

(1)

Prevention of Boiling Contents

227

(2)

Supplementary Protection for Vessels

229

(1)

VESSEL WATER SPRAY DESIGN PROCEDURE

230

(16)

Surface Area Calculation

230

(1)

Estimating the Minimum Water Supply Requirement

231

(1)

Total Water Requirement

232

(1)

Estimation of Water Supply Adequacy

232

(1)

Pressure Estimation

233

(1)

Loop and Nozzle Spacing Procedure

234

(12)

Chapter 10 Ultra High Speed Water Spray Systems

246

(16)

ULTRA HIGH SPEED WATER SPRAY SYSTEMS

247

(5)

Definition

247

(1)

Ultra High Speed Water Spray Systems and Explosion Suppression Systems

247

(1)

Why Water?

248

(1)

Deflagrations and Detonations

249

(1)

Uses of Ultra High Speed Water Spray Systems

249

(1)

Reaction Time

249

(1)

Human Senses

249

(1)

Detectors for Ultra High Speed Water Spray Systems

250

(1)

Design Approaches

250

(1)

Types of Ultra High Speed Water Spray Systems

250

(2)

THE SQUIB-ACTUATED ULTRA HIGH SPEED WATER SPRAY SYSTEMS

252

(3)

Definition

252

(1)

Preprimed Piping System

252

(1)

The Squib-Actuated Valve

253

(1)

System Response Time

254

(1)

Squib-Actuated Ultra High Speed Water Spray System Design

255

(1)

THE SOLENOID-OPERATED ULTRA HIGH SPEED WATER SPRAY SYSTEM

255

(7)

System Arrangement

255

(1)

The Discharge System

255

(1)

The Pilot System

256

(2)

Sequence of Operation for a Pilot-Actuated System

258

(2)

Factors Influencing the Speed of a Pilot-Actuated System

260

(1)

Response Time for Solenoid-Operated Systems

260

(2)

Chapter 11 Water Mist System Design

262

(17)

WATER MIST PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

263

(1)

WATER MIST DROPLETS

263

(4)

Droplet size

263

(2)

Droplet Size Performance Objectives

265

(1)

Droplet Size and the Fire Service

265

(1)

Measuring Droplet Size

266

(1)

Water Mist Pressure and Droplet Size

266

(1)

WATER MIST SYSTEM DESIGN

267

(1)

Water Mist System Types

267

(1)

Water Mist System Calculation Criteria

268

(1)

WATER MIST APPLICATIONS

268

(11)

Submarine Applications

269

(1)

Surface Ship Applications

270

(1)

Aircraft Applications

271

(1)

Total Flooding Electronics and Telecommunications Applications

272

(1)

Commercial and Residential Applications

273

(6)

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

9780827378834

0827378831

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

Design of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems

9780827378834

0827378831

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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