Rent 9781401865641 | Criminal Law and Procedure for the Paralegal : A Systems Approach

Summary Table of Contents

This text prepares paralegals in the principles of criminal law as well as in the practice skills needed daily in the law office. Presented in a clear, logical, outline format, Criminal Law and Procedure for the Paralegal: A Systems Approach, third, includes effective learning features such as charts, checklists, forms, documents, legal terminology, helpful web sites, and numerous illustrative case examples. A systems folder is also included to help build an impressive practice system of topically arranged forms, legal principles, rules, checkl... MORE

Table of Exhibits

xix

Table of Cases

xxi

Preface

xxxv

Foundations of Cri... MORE

(24)

Introduction

(1)

Overview of the Legal System

(2)

Rule of Law

(1)

The Constitution

(1)

Separation of Powers

(1)

Police Power

(1)

Criminal Law

(4)

Purpose of Criminal Law

(1)

Sources of Criminal Law

(1)

Model Penal Code

(1)

Administrative Crime

(1)

International Crime

(1)

Change in the Criminal Law

(1)

Divisions of Criminal Law

(1)

Due Process

(1)

Classification of Crimes

(1)

Punishment and Criminal Law

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Retribution

(1)

Deterrence

(1)

Rehabilitation

(1)

Critical Reason and Criminal Law

(2)

The Dilemma of Crime in a Free Society

(1)

Crime in the United States

(2)

Current State of Crime

(1)

Reasons for Drop in Crime

(1)

Special Concerns: Present and Future

(1)

Practical Considerations for the Study of Criminal Law

(1)

The Significance of Studying Criminal Law

(1)

About This Text: Applying State Law

(1)

The System Folder

(1)

Sample Cases

(3)

Case I

(1)

Case II

(1)

Case III

(1)

Case IV

(1)

Case V

(1)

Case VI

(1)

Conclusion

(6)

Administration of Criminal Justice and the Role of the Paralegal

(24)

Introduction

(1)

Law Enforcement Agencies

(1)

Prosecutorial Agencies

(1)

Defense Bar

(1)

Corrections Agencies

(1)

Criminal Court System

(5)

Court Structure

(1)

Jurisdiction

(1)

Criminal Procedure

(4)

Professional Ethics in Criminal Law Practice

(5)

Introduction

(1)

Adversary System

(1)

Role of the Prosecutor

(1)

Role of the Defense Attorney

(2)

Role of the Judge

(1)

Role of the Paralegal

(5)

Paralegal Tasks in Criminal Law Offices

(1)

Paralegal Ethical Responsibilities

(3)

Other Professional Considerations

(1)

Professional Development

(1)

Conclusion

(5)

Components of a Crime

(26)

Introduction

(1)

Harm or Likely Harm: The Classification of Crimes

(1)

Actus Reus

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Voluntary and Involuntary Acts

(1)

Omissions

(1)

Possession

(1)

Status

(1)

Mens Rea

(5)

Introduction

(1)

Model Penal Code Definitions

(2)

General, Specific, and Transferred Intent

(1)

Concurrence

(1)

Strict Liability

(2)

Causation

(2)

Introduction

(1)

Foreseeable Consequences

(1)

Supervening or Superseding Causes

(1)

Complicity

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Parties to Crimes

(1)

Actus Reus in Complicity

(1)

Mens Rea in Complicity

(1)

Abandonment

(1)

Vicarious and Corporate Liability

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Vicarious Liability

(1)

Corporate Liability

(3)

Conclusion

(6)

Crimes Against Persons and Crimes Against Habitation

(60)

Introduction

(1)

Elements of Crimes

(1)

Lesser Included Offense

(1)

Crimes Against Persons

(44)

Introduction

(1)

Homicide

(13)

Assault and Battery

(11)

Civil Rights Violations

104

(1)

Sexual Battery

105

(11)

Criminal Abuse

116

(3)

Kidnapping, False Imprisonment, and Custodial Interference

119

(4)

Crimes Against Habitation

123

(5)

Introduction

123

(1)

Arson

123

(2)

Vandalism

125

(1)

Burglary

125

(3)

Conclusion

128

(9)

Crimes Against Property, Public Order and Safety, Public Morals, and Justice and Public Administration

137

(48)

Introduction

138

(1)

Crimes Against Property

138

(20)

Introduction

138

(1)

Larceny

138

(3)

Embezzlement

141

(1)

False Pretenses or Fraud

142

(2)

Bad Checks

144

(1)

Receiving Stolen Property

144

(1)

Forgery and Uttering a Forged Instrument

144

(1)

Robbery

145

(3)

Extortion

148

(1)

Consolidated Theft

149

(3)

Cybercrimes

152

(2)

White-Collar Crime

154

(4)

Crimes Against Public Order and Safety

158

(6)

Introduction

158

(1)

Terrorism

159

(1)

Disorderly Conduct

160

(1)

Riot

161

(1)

Vagrancy and Loitering

161

(1)

Endangering Public Health and Environment

162

(1)

Use and Distribution of Firearms

163

(1)

Crimes Against Public Morals

164

(8)

Introduction

164

(1)

Nonviolent Sexual Conduct

164

(5)

Gambling

169

(1)

Drug Offenses

169

(3)

Crimes Against Justice and Public Administration

172

(3)

Introduction

172

(1)

Bribery

172

(1)

Perjury

173

(1)

Obstruction of Justice

174

(1)

Resisting Arrest

174

(1)

Escape

174

(1)

Contempt of Court

175

(1)

Conclusion

175

(10)

Inchoate and Organized Crimes

185

(34)

Introduction

186

(1)

Attempt

187

(6)

Introduction

187

(1)

Mens Rea in Attempt

187

(2)

Actus Reus in Attempt

189

(3)

Defenses to Attempt

192

(1)

Conspiracy

193

(12)

Introduction

193

(1)

Mens Rea in Conspiracy

194

(1)

Actus Reus in Conspiracy

195

(4)

Defenses to Conspiracy

199

(1)

Hearsay Exception

200

(3)

Problems with Conspiracy

203

(2)

Solicitation

205

(1)

Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO)

206

(1)

Introduction

206

(1)

RICO Elements

206

(1)

Extent of Control

207

(1)

RICO Conspiracy

207

(1)

State Organized Crime Statutes

207

(1)

Continuing Criminal Enterprise (CCE)

207

(3)

Criminal Gangs

210

(1)

Conclusion

211

(8)

Defenses

219

(40)

Introduction

220

(1)

Types of Defenses

220

(1)

Effective Level of Defense

220

(1)

Burden of Proof

220

(1)

Constitutional and Statutory Defenses

221

(6)

Introduction

221

(1)

Freedom of Religion

221

(1)

Freedom of Expression

222

(1)

Freedom of Assembly

223

(1)

Double Jeopardy

223

(2)

Substantive Due Process

225

(1)

Right to Privacy

226

(1)

Statute of Limitations

227

(1)

Justification

227

(7)

Introduction

227

(1)

Self-Defense

228

(4)

Defense of Third Persons

232

(1)

Defense of Property

233

(1)

Resisting Unlawful Arrest

233

(1)

Execution of Public Duties

233

(1)

Parental Discipline Justification

234

(1)

Excuse

234

(10)

Introduction

234

(1)

Duress

234

(1)

Necessity

235

(1)

Entrapment

236

(2)

Insanity

238

(6)

Missing Elements

244

(5)

Introduction

244

(1)

Actus Reus as a Missing Element

244

(1)

Mens Rea as a Missing Element

245

(3)

Consent

248

(1)

Syndromes

249

(1)

Conclusion

250

(9)

Intake and Drafting the Complaint

259

(48)

Introduction

260

(1)

Intake Procedure

260

(8)

Introduction

260

(1)

Preparing for Intake

260

(4)

The Interview

264

(3)

Counseling the Victim

267

(1)

Decision to Charge

268

(4)

Authority, Limits, and Immunity from Civil Suit

268

(2)

Joinder of Offenses and Defendants

270

(2)

Drafting the Complaint

272

(2)

Drafting from the Intake Form

272

(1)

Drafting from the Police Report

273

(1)

Summons and Warrant

274

(2)

Summons

274

(1)

Arrest Warrant

275

(1)

E-Filing and Monitoring

275

(1)

Checklist for Drafting and Filing the Summons and Warrant

276

(1)

Docket Tracking

276

(1)

Conclusion

277

(30)

Search and Seizure

307

(56)

Introduction

308

(1)

Scope of the Fourth Amendment

309

(8)

State Action

309

(1)

Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

309

(8)

Warrant Requirements

317

(8)

Issuance: Probable Cause, Neutrality, Particularity

317

(3)

Execution of the Warrant

320

(5)

Warrant Subsequent to Search: Independent Source

325

(1)

Officer Liability and the Fourth Amendment

325

(1)

Exceptions to the Requirement for a Warrant

325

(26)

Introduction

325

(1)

Arrest

326

(4)

Stop and Frisk (Investigatory Detention)

330

(2)

Search Incident to Lawful Arrest

332

(1)

Plain View

333

(1)

Motor Vehicle Searches

334

(5)

Hot Pursuit

339

(1)

Evanescent Evidence

339

(1)

Border, Regulatory, and Emergency Searches

340

(5)

Consent Searches

345

(3)

Inevitable Discovery

348

(1)

Community Caretaking Function

348

(3)

Electronic Surveillance and the Patriot Act

351

(2)

Secret Agents

353

(1)

The Exclusionary Rule

354

(3)

Conclusion

357

(6)

Confessions and Pretrial Identification Procedures

363

(36)

Introduction

364

(1)

The Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination

364

(4)

Introduction

364

(1)

Who Is Protected by the Right Against Self-Incrimination?

365

(1)

In What Kinds of Hearings May the Right be Exercised?

366

(1)

What Is Incriminating Testimony?

366

(1)

When Can Incriminating Testimony be Compelled?

366

(2)

How Far Does a Waiver of the Right Extend?

368

(1)

When Is Evidence Testimonial?

368

(1)

Confessions and Interrogation: Miranda

368

(20)

Introduction

368

(8)

Miranda

376

(1)

Issues Miranda Left Unanswered

377

(8)

Effect of Denial of Right to Counsel (Massiah) and Harmless Error

385

(1)

Challenging a Confession

386

(1)

The Paralegal's Role

386

(2)

Lineups, One-on-One Show-Ups, and Photo Identifications

388

(2)

Introduction

388

(1)

The Right to Counsel at Pretrial Identification

389

(1)

Due Process and Pretrial Identifications

389

(1)

Conclusion

390

(9)

Pretrial: Initial Appearance to Preliminary Hearing

399

(38)

Introduction

400

(1)

Initial Appearance

400

(9)

Introduction

400

(1)

Notice of Rights and Determination of Indigency

400

(2)

Bail

402

(2)

Initial Appearance: Paralegal's Role

404

(5)

Pretrial Detention

409

(1)

Conditions of Confinement

409

(1)

Duty to Confirm Identity of Detainee

409

(1)

Terrorism and Detention Issues

409

(1)

Rocket Dockets

410

(1)

Interviewing

410

(9)

Introduction

410

(1)

Interviewing the Defendant

410

(6)

Interviewing Witnesses

416

(1)

Ethical Considerations

417

(1)

Dealing with the Difficult Client

417

(1)

Interview Summaries

418

(1)

Other Preliminary Investigation and Preparation

419

(2)

Defense

419

(1)

Prosecution

419

(1)

Preparing Questions for the Preliminary Hearing

420

(1)

Preliminary Hearing

421

(2)

Extradition

423

(1)

Conclusion

423

(14)

Pretrial: Grand Jury to Pretrial Conference

437

(44)

Introduction

438

(1)

Grand Jury and Indictment

438

(6)

Introduction

438

(1)

Composition

438

(1)

Powers

439

(1)

Autonomy and Secrecy

440

(1)

Procedure

440

(1)

The Paralegal's Role: Prosecution

441

(1)

The Paralegal's Role: Defense

442

(2)

The Information

444

(1)

Arraignment

444

(2)

Introduction

444

(1)

The Paralegal's Role

445

(1)

Discovery

446

(5)

Introduction

446

(1)

The Law on Discovery

446

(1)

Exculpatory Evidence

447

(1)

Discovery Procedure and the Paralegal's Role

448

(3)

Other Investigation

451

(1)

Pretrial Motions

452

(2)

Introduction

452

(1)

Procedure

452

(1)

Common Pretrial Motions

452

(2)

Notice of Defenses

454

(1)

Plea Bargaining

455

(2)

The Right to a Speedy Trial

457

(1)

Pretrial Conference

458

(1)

Conclusion

458

(23)

Trial: Rights, Procedure, Tasks

481

(34)

Introduction

482

(1)

Trial Rights

482

(4)

The Right to a Jury Trial

482

(1)

The Right to Counsel

483

(1)

The Rights of Presence and Confrontation

484

(2)

The Right to Present Witnesses, to Testify, or Not to Testify

486

(1)

Fair Trial Versus Free Press and Public Access

486

(1)

The Paralegal's Role in Preparation for Trial

487

(2)

Introduction

487

(1)

The Trial Notebook

487

(1)

Preparation of Client and Witnesses

488

(1)

Trial Materials

488

(1)

Trial Procedure and the Paralegal's Role

489

(15)

Voir Dire

489

(4)

Opening Statements

493

(1)

The Prosecution's Case and the Presentation of Evidence

493

(6)

Defense Cross-Examination of Prosecution's Witnesses

499

(1)

Motion for Judgment of Acquittal

499

(1)

Defendant's Case in Chief

500

(1)

Prosecution's Rebuttal and Defendant's Rejoinder

500

(1)

Motion for Judgment of Acquittal or Directed Verdict

500

(1)

Jury Instruction Conference

501

(1)

Closing Arguments

501

(1)

Judge's Instructions to the Jury

502

(1)

Jury Deliberation

502

(2)

Jury Verdict and Polling

504

(1)

Posttrial Motions

504

(1)

Purpose

504

(1)

Types of Posttrial Motions

504

(1)

Conclusion

505

(10)

Sentencing, Punishment, and Review

515

(72)

Introduction

516

(1)

Goals

516

(1)

Setting and Serving the Sentence

516

(1)

Review

517

(1)

Forms of Punishment

517

(12)

Introduction

517

(1)

Capital Punishment

518

(7)

Incarceration

525

(1)

Fines

526

(1)

Restitution

527

(1)

Forfeiture

527

(1)

Probation

528

(1)

Sentencing Statutes and Guidelines

529

(2)

Sentencing Statutes

529

(1)

Three Strikes Laws and Mandatory Minimums

529

(1)

Sentencing Guidelines

530

(1)

Sentencing Procedure

531

(7)

Introduction

531

(1)

Capital Sentencing

531

(1)

Presentence Report

531

(1)

Alternative Sentencing Plan

532

(1)

The Sentencing Hearing

533

(5)

Serving the Sentence

538

(2)

Revocation of Probation

538

(1)

Parole and Its Revocation

538

(1)

Rights and Responsibilities of Prisoners

539

(1)

Appeals

540

(4)

Introduction

540

(1)

Basis for Appeal

541

(1)

Appellate Procedure

542

(2)

The Writ of Habeas Corpus

544

(2)

Introduction

544

(1)

Criteria for Access to Habeas Corpus

545

(1)

Habeas Corpus Procedure

546

(1)

Conclusion

546

(41)

Appendix A: System Folder Contents

587

(6)

Appendix B: Excerpts From the Constitution of the United States of America

593

(6)

Glossary

599

(6)

Spanish Glossary

605

(4)

Index

609

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Criminal Law and Procedure for the Paralegal : A Systems Approach

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