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| Sporre, Creative Impulse | p. 8 |
| Preface | p. 11 |
| Introduction Understanding the Arts | p. 13 |
| Getting Started | p. 14 |
| Two-Dimensional Art | p. 14 |
| Media | p. 14 |
| Composition | p. 15 |
| Techniques: Linear Perspective | p. 16 |
| Sculpture | p. 17 |
| Dimensionality | p. 17 |
| Texture | p. 17 |
| Techniqu... MORE | p. 17 |
| Architecture | p. 18 |
| Music | p. 19 |
| Genres | p. 19 |
| Melody and Form | p. 19 |
| Techniques: Musical Notation | p. 19 |
| Theatre | p. 20 |
| Genres | p. 20 |
| Plot, Character, and Visual Elements | p. 20 |
| Literature | p. 20 |
| Genres | p. 20 |
| Point of View, Character, and Plot | p. 21 |
| Theme and Language | p. 21 |
| Cinema | p. 21 |
| Dance | p. 22 |
| Genres | p. 22 |
| Line, Form, and Repetition | p. 22 |
| Features | p. 22 |
| Glossary and Dating | p. 22 |
| Pronunciation | p. 23 |
| Profiles | p. 23 |
| Technology | p. 23 |
| Masterwork | p. 23 |
| A Dynamic World | p. 23 |
| Maps and Timelines | p. 24 |
| Chapter Opener | p. 24 |
| Chapter Review | p. 24 |
| Cybersources and Examples | p. 24 |
| Putting The Arts In Context | p. 24 |
| The Arts and Ways of Knowing | p. 24 |
| What Concerns Art? | p. 25 |
| Creativity | p. 25 |
| Aesthetic Communication | p. 25 |
| Symbols | p. 26 |
| Fine and Applied Art | p. 26 |
| The Functions of Art | p. 26 |
| Entertainment | p. 26 |
| Political and Social Commentary | p. 26 |
| Therapy | p. 27 |
| Artifact | p. 27 |
| Evaluating Works of Art | p. 27 |
| Approaches to Criticism | p. 28 |
| Making Judgments | p. 29 |
| The Ancient World | p. 31 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 32 |
| Contexts | p. 32 |
| The Stone Age | p. 32 |
| Mesopotamia | p. 33 |
| Ancient Egypt | p. 34 |
| Concepts | p. 34 |
| Individuality and Symbols | p. 34 |
| Civilization | p. 35 |
| Religion | p. 35 |
| Technology: The Invention of the Wheel | p. 35 |
| Literacy | p. 36 |
| Law | p. 37 |
| The Arts Of The Ancient World | p. 38 |
| Painting | p. 38 |
| Sculpture | p. 39 |
| Masterwork: The Human Form 1: The Tell Asmar Statues | p. 40 |
| A Dynamic World: Ancient China | p. 41 |
| Profile: Akhenaton and Nefertiti | p. 45 |
| Architecture | p. 46 |
| Music | p. 47 |
| Dance | p. 48 |
| Literature | p. 48 |
| The Aegean and Archaic Greece | p. 53 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 54 |
| Contexts | p. 54 |
| Minoans | p. 54 |
| Mycenaeans | p. 56 |
| Technology: The Olive Press | p. 58 |
| The Dark Centuries | p. 58 |
| The Hellenes | p. 58 |
| Concepts | p. 59 |
| The Polis | p. 59 |
| The Olympian Gods | p. 60 |
| "Love of Wisdom" | p. 61 |
| The Arts Of The Aegean And Archaic Greece | p. 61 |
| Painting | p. 61 |
| Geometric Style | p. 61 |
| Archaic Style | p. 62 |
| Red- and Black-Figure Pottery | p. 62 |
| Sculpture | p. 63 |
| A Dynamic World: Native America | p. 63 |
| Architecture | p. 66 |
| Music | p. 67 |
| Dance | p. 68 |
| Literature | p. 68 |
| Masterwork: Heroes 1: Homer, The Iliad | p. 69 |
| Profile: Sappho | p. 70 |
| Greek Classicism and Hellenism | p. 75 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 76 |
| Contexts | p. 76 |
| The Persian War | p. 76 |
| The "Golden Age"of Pericles | p. 77 |
| The Peloponnesian Wars | p. 78 |
| The Hellenistic Age | p. 79 |
| Technology: Hero's Steam Turbine | p. 80 |
| Concepts | p. 81 |
| Historia | p. 81 |
| Sophistry | p. 81 |
| Stoicism and Epicureanism | p. 82 |
| Cynicism and Skepticism | p. 82 |
| Mystery Cults | p. 82 |
| Ethics | p. 83 |
| Aesthetics | p. 83 |
| Classicism and Hellenism | p. 85 |
| The Arts Of The Classical And Hellenistic Ages | p. 85 |
| Painting | p. 85 |
| Sculpture | p. 86 |
| Classical Style | p. 86 |
| A Dynamic World: The Nok Style of Africa | p. 87 |
| Masterwork: The Human Form 2: Myron, Discus Thrower | p. 88 |
| Late Classical Style | p. 90 |
| Hellenistic Style | p. 92 |
| Architecture | p. 93 |
| Theatre | p. 98 |
| Tragedy | p. 98 |
| Profile: Aeschylus | p. 99 |
| Masterwork: Heroes 2: Sophocles, Oedipus the King | p. 101 |
| Comedy | p. 102 |
| Theatre Layout and Form | p. 103 |
| Music | p. 104 |
| Dance | p. 105 |
| Literature | p. 105 |
| The Roman Period | p. 111 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 112 |
| Contexts | p. 112 |
| The Etruscans | p. 112 |
| The Roman Republic | p. 112 |
| The Roman Empire | p. 114 |
| Concepts | p. 117 |
| Roman Law | p. 117 |
| Stoicism | p. 117 |
| Neo-Platonism | p. 118 |
| Divinities and Mystery Cults | p. 118 |
| Classicism | p. 119 |
| Utilitarianism and Pragmatism | p. 120 |
| The Arts Of The Roman Period | p. 120 |
| Painting | p. 120 |
| A Dynamic World: Chinese Painting | p. 123 |
| Sculpture | p. 124 |
| Architecture | p. 126 |
| Technology: Cement | p. 129 |
| Masterwork: The Dome 1: The Pantheon | p. 130 |
| Theatre | p. 132 |
| Comedy | p. 132 |
| Blood Sport | p. 133 |
| Music | p. 133 |
| Dance | p. 134 |
| Literature | p. 134 |
| Profile: Vergil | p. 135 |
| Judaism and Early Christianity | p. 141 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 142 |
| Contexts | p. 142 |
| Hebrews, Israelites, and Jews | p. 142 |
| Profile: Solomon | p. 146 |
| The Late Roman Empire | p. 146 |
| Technology: Matches | p. 147 |
| Concepts | p. 148 |
| Judaism | p. 148 |
| Christianity | p. 149 |
| The Arts Of Judaism And Early Christianity | p. 155 |
| Painting | p. 155 |
| Judaism | p. 155 |
| Christianity | p. 155 |
| Sculpture | p. 156 |
| Late Roman | p. 156 |
| Early Christian | p. 157 |
| A Dynamic World: Shinto Sculpture in Japan | p. 157 |
| Architecture | p. 159 |
| Jerusalem | p. 159 |
| Masterwork: Buildings as Symbols 1: The Temple of Jerusalem | p. 160 |
| The Roman Empire | p. 162 |
| Music and Dance | p. 165 |
| Literature | p. 165 |
| The Hebrew Bible | p. 166 |
| Apocalyptic Literature | p. 169 |
| The New Testament | p. 169 |
| Byzantium and Islam | p. 175 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 176 |
| Contexts | p. 176 |
| Byzantium | p. 176 |
| Muhammad and the Rise of Islam | p. 179 |
| Profile: Muhammad | p. 180 |
| Concepts | p. 182 |
| Orthodoxy | p. 182 |
| Islam | p. 182 |
| Intellectualism | p. 183 |
| Icons | p. 184 |
| Byzantine Cultural Influence | p. 184 |
| The Arts Of Byzantium And Islam | p. 185 |
| Painting, Mosaics, and Manuscript Illumination | p. 185 |
| Byzantium | p. 185 |
| Islam | p. 188 |
| Sculpture | p. 189 |
| Architecture | p. 192 |
| Byzantium | p. 192 |
| Technology: Spanning Space with Triangles and Pots | p. 192 |
| Masterwork: The Dome 2: Hagia Sophia | p. 194 |
| Profile: Anthemius of Tralles | p. 195 |
| Islam | p. 197 |
| A Dynamic World: Chinese Theatre | p. 200 |
| Theatre, Music, and Dance | p. 201 |
| Byzantium | p. 201 |
| Islam | p. 201 |
| Literature | p. 202 |
| Byzantium | p. 202 |
| Islam | p. 203 |
| The Early Middle Ages | |
| The Monastic and Feudal Romanesque Period | p. 209 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 210 |
| Contexts | p. 210 |
| The Middle Ages | p. 210 |
| The Medieval Church | p. 211 |
| Profile: Pope Gregory I, the Great | p. 211 |
| Charlemagne's Empire | p. 212 |
| Concepts | p. 213 |
| Monasticism | p. 213 |
| Mysticism | p. 214 |
| Asceticism and Sufism | p. 215 |
| Feudalism | p. 215 |
| Technology: The Viking Ships | p. 217 |
| The Carolingian Renaissance | p. 218 |
| The Arts Of The Early Middle Ages | p. 218 |
| Painting | p. 218 |
| A Dynamic World: Igbo-Ukwu | p. 220 |
| Sculpture | p. 221 |
| Masterwork: Organizing the Image 1: The Bronze Doors of Hildesheim Cathedral | p. 222 |
| Architecture | p. 226 |
| Theatre | p. 229 |
| Music | p. 229 |
| Sacred Music | p. 229 |
| Secular Music | p. 230 |
| Profile: Hildegard of Bingen | p. 230 |
| Dance | p. 231 |
| Literature | p. 231 |
| Legends | p. 231 |
| Poets and Scholars | p. 232 |
| The High Middle Ages | |
| The Gothic Age | p. 237 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 238 |
| Contexts | p. 238 |
| The Social Order | p. 238 |
| The Hundred Years' War | p. 240 |
| Technology: A Better Horse Collar | p. 240 |
| The Plague | p. 241 |
| The Great Schism | p. 241 |
| Profile: Joan of Arc | p. 242 |
| The Crusades | p. 243 |
| Concepts | p. 245 |
| Chivalry | p. 245 |
| Secularism | p. 245 |
| Aristotelianism | p. 246 |
| Industrialization | p. 246 |
| The Arts Of The High Middle Ages | p. 248 |
| Painting | p. 248 |
| Sculpture | p. 253 |
| Architecture | p. 256 |
| Masterwork: Buildings as Symbols 2: Chartres Cathedral | p. 258 |
| Theatre | p. 262 |
| A Dynamic World: Noh Theatre of Japan | p. 263 |
| Music | p. 265 |
| Dance | p. 266 |
| Literature | p. 267 |
| Religion | p. 267 |
| Profile: Geoffrey Chaucer | p. 268 |
| Profile: St Francis of Assisi | p. 272 |
| Secularism | p. 272 |
| The Early Renaissance | p. 277 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 278 |
| Contexts | p. 278 |
| The Renaissance | p. 278 |
| The World Discovered | p. 279 |
| Technology: Flywheels and Connecting Rods | p. 280 |
| The Papal States | p. 280 |
| Italian City-States | p. 280 |
| The Quattrocento in Florence | p. 282 |
| Concepts | p. 283 |
| Humanism | p. 283 |
| Individualism | p. 284 |
| Scientific Naturalism | p. 284 |
| Capitalism | p. 284 |
| The Arts Of The Early Renaissance | p. 285 |
| Painting | p. 285 |
| The Masaccian Heritage | p. 285 |
| Lyricism | p. 289 |
| A Dynamic World: Chinese Painting and Music | p. 291 |
| Sculpture | p. 292 |
| Architecture | p. 295 |
| Masterwork: The Dome 3: Florence Cathedral | p. 296 |
| Theatre | p. 298 |
| Music | p. 299 |
| Dance | p. 299 |
| Literature | p. 300 |
| Profile: Niccolò Machiavelli | p. 301 |
| The High Renaissance and Mannerism | p. 305 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 306 |
| Contexts | p. 306 |
| The Expanding World | p. 306 |
| The Papal States | p. 307 |
| Spain's Golden Century | p. 308 |
| Technology: Leonardo: Turning the Screw | p. 310 |
| The Ottoman Turks | p. 311 |
| Concepts | p. 311 |
| Classicism | p. 311 |
| The High Renaissance | p. 312 |
| Mannerism | p. 312 |
| The Arts Of The High Renaissance And Mannerism | p. 313 |
| Painting | p. 313 |
| The High Renaissance in Rome | p. 313 |
| Profile: Michelangelo | p. 316 |
| The High Renaissance in Venice | p. 320 |
| Mannerism | p. 322 |
| A Dynamic World: Painting in India | p. 322 |
| Sculpture | p. 324 |
| Masterwork: The Human Form 3: Michelangelo, David | p. 325 |
| Architecture | p. 326 |
| Theatre | p. 330 |
| Music | p. 333 |
| Sacred Choral Music | p. 333 |
| Secular Choral Music | p. 334 |
| Instrumental Music | p. 335 |
| Literature | p. 335 |
| Renaissance and Reformation in Northern Europe | p. 341 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 342 |
| Contexts | p. 342 |
| The Reformation | p. 342 |
| Reformers | p. 342 |
| Profile: Martin Luther | p. 344 |
| Science | p. 347 |
| Technology: Naval Artillery | p. 348 |
| Concepts | p. 348 |
| Christian Humanism | p. 348 |
| Utopianism | p. 349 |
| The Arts Of The Renaissance And Reformation In The North | p. 349 |
| Painting | p. 349 |
| Flanders | p. 349 |
| The Netherlands | p. 351 |
| Germany | p. 353 |
| A Dynamic World: Ming Dynasty Porcelain | p. 357 |
| France | p. 357 |
| England | p. 358 |
| Architecture | p. 358 |
| Theatre | p. 358 |
| Masterwork: Heroes 3: Shakespeare, Hamlet | p. 360 |
| Music | p. 361 |
| Flanders | p. 361 |
| Germany | p. 363 |
| France | p. 363 |
| England | p. 363 |
| Dance | p. 365 |
| Literature | p. 366 |
| The Baroque Age | p. 371 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 372 |
| Contexts | p. 372 |
| The Catholic and Counter-Reformation | p. 372 |
| The Wars of Religion | p. 374 |
| The Scientific Revolution | p. 374 |
| Technology: Standardized Measurement | p. 375 |
| Concepts | p. 377 |
| Academicism | p. 377 |
| Scientific Rationalism | p. 377 |
| Social Contract | p. 377 |
| Absolutism | p. 378 |
| The Arts Of The Baroque Age | p. 379 |
| Painting | p. 379 |
| Italy | p. 380 |
| Spain | p. 381 |
| Flanders | p. 382 |
| France | p. 383 |
| The Netherlands (Holland) | p. 384 |
| Sculpture | p. 387 |
| Architecture | p. 390 |
| A Dynamic World: The Taj Mahal | p. 390 |
| Profile: Sir Christopher Wren | p. 394 |
| Masterwork: The Dome 4: St Paul's Cathedral | p. 394 |
| Theatre | p. 396 |
| Music | p. 398 |
| Instrumental Music | p. 398 |
| Profile: Johann Sebastian Bach | p. 399 |
| Vocal Music | p. 400 |
| Opera | p. 401 |
| Dance | p. 403 |
| Literature | p. 404 |
| Spain | p. 404 |
| England | p. 404 |
| The Enlightenment | p. 409 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 410 |
| Contexts | p. 410 |
| The Enlightenment | p. 410 |
| Technology | p. 412 |
| Technology: James Watt and the Steam Engine | p. 412 |
| Economics and Politics | p. 413 |
| Profile: Maria Theresa | p. 414 |
| Concepts | p. 415 |
| Rationalism | p. 415 |
| Aesthetics | p. 415 |
| Humanitarianism | p. 415 |
| Profile: Voltaire | p. 417 |
| Classicism | p. 418 |
| Feminism | p. 418 |
| The Arts Of The Enlightenment | p. 419 |
| Painting | p. 419 |
| Rococo Style | p. 419 |
| The English School | p. 420 |
| Genre | p. 423 |
| Neoclassicism | p. 423 |
| Masterwork: Organizing the Image 2: David, The Oath of the Horatii | p. 424 |
| Sculpture | p. 425 |
| Architecture | p. 427 |
| Theatre | p. 430 |
| Britain | p. 430 |
| America | p. 430 |
| France | p. 431 |
| A Dynamic World: Japanese Kabuki Theatre | p. 431 |
| Music | p. 432 |
| Pre-Classical Style | p. 432 |
| Expressive Style | p. 432 |
| Classical Style | p. 433 |
| Dance | p. 437 |
| Literature | p. 438 |
| Rococo | p. 438 |
| Neoclassicism | p. 441 |
| Humanitarianism | p. 442 |
| Feminism | p. 442 |
| Genre | p. 443 |
| Pre-Romantic | p. 443 |
| The Romantic Age | p. 447 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 448 |
| Contexts | p. 448 |
| Technology | p. 448 |
| Technology: Exact Tolerance | p. 449 |
| Social Changes | p. 449 |
| The Victorian Age | p. 451 |
| Concepts | p. 451 |
| Marxism | p. 451 |
| Evolution | p. 451 |
| Idealism | p. 452 |
| Positivism and Materialism | p. 452 |
| Internationalism | p. 452 |
| Patronage | p. 453 |
| Romanticism | p. 453 |
| The Arts Of The Romantic Age | p. 454 |
| Painting | p. 454 |
| Masterwork: Organizing the Image 3: Géricault, The Raft of the "Medusa" | p. 455 |
| A Dynamic World: Japanese Painting | p. 457 |
| Profile: Rosa Bonheur | p. 459 |
| Architecture | p. 460 |
| Theatre | p. 460 |
| Popularism and Historicism | p. 462 |
| Melodrama | p. 463 |
| Music | p. 463 |
| Lieder | p. 463 |
| Piano Works | p. 464 |
| Program Music | p. 465 |
| Symphonies | p. 466 |
| Trends | p. 466 |
| Choral Music | p. 466 |
| Profile: Johannes Brahms | p. 467 |
| Opera | p. 468 |
| Dance | p. 469 |
| Literature | p. 471 |
| Romanticism in Europe | p. 471 |
| American Renaissance | p. 475 |
| Realism, Impressionism, and Beyond | p. 481 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 482 |
| Contexts | p. 482 |
| European Migration | p. 482 |
| Workers and Socialism | p. 483 |
| The German Reich | p. 484 |
| A Scientific Explosion | p. 484 |
| Technology: Coca-Cola | p. 485 |
| Nietzschean Philosophy | p. 486 |
| Freudian Psychology | p. 487 |
| Concepts | p. 487 |
| Aestheticism | p. 487 |
| Functionalism | p. 488 |
| The Arts: Realism, Impressionism, And Beyond | p. 488 |
| Painting and Sculpture | p. 488 |
| Realism | p. 488 |
| Masterwork: Organizing the Image 4: Manet, Déjeuner sur l:herbe | p. 490 |
| Pre-Raphaelites | p. 491 |
| Impressionism | p. 492 |
| A Dynamic World: Japanese Painting | p. 496 |
| Post-Impressionism | p. 497 |
| Cubism | p. 500 |
| Mechanism and Futurism | p. 502 |
| Expressionism | p. 502 |
| Fauvism | p. 503 |
| Architecture | p. 504 |
| Profile: Louis Sullivan | p. 506 |
| Theatre | p. 507 |
| Realism and Naturalism | p. 507 |
| Symbolism | p. 508 |
| Aestheticism | p. 508 |
| Expressionism | p. 508 |
| Music | p. 509 |
| Impressionism | p. 509 |
| Naturalism | p. 509 |
| Nontraditionalism | p. 510 |
| Profile: Igor Stravinsky | p. 511 |
| Dance | p. 512 |
| Ethnic Foundations | p. 512 |
| Ballet | p. 512 |
| Modern Dance | p. 514 |
| Literature | p. 514 |
| Realism | p. 514 |
| Pre-Raphaelites | p. 515 |
| Naturalism | p. 515 |
| Impressionism | p. 516 |
| Symbolism | p. 517 |
| Futurism | p. 517 |
| Expressionism | p. 517 |
| Cubism | p. 518 |
| Cinema | p. 518 |
| Modernism | p. 523 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 524 |
| Contexts | p. 524 |
| The Modern World in Conflict | p. 524 |
| Between the Wars | p. 527 |
| World War II | p. 529 |
| Science and War | p. 531 |
| Technology: Computers | p. 532 |
| Concepts | p. 532 |
| Pragmatism | p. 532 |
| Existentialism | p. 533 |
| Abstraction | p. 533 |
| Modernism | p. 534 |
| The Arts In The Modern World | p. 534 |
| Painting and Sculpture | p. 534 |
| Abstraction | p. 535 |
| Dada | p. 535 |
| Surrealism | p. 536 |
| American Painting | p. 537 |
| Profile: Georgia O:Keeffe | p. 537 |
| The Harlem Renaissance | p. 539 |
| Central American Painting | p. 540 |
| African and Primitive Influences | p. 540 |
| A Dynamic World: African Masks | p. 540 |
| Photography | p. 542 |
| Architecture | p. 543 |
| Masterwork: Buildings as Symbols 3: Wright, Kaufmann House | p. 544 |
| Theatre | p. 547 |
| Epic Theatre | p. 547 |
| Absurdism | p. 547 |
| Music | p. 548 |
| Modern Traditionalism | p. 548 |
| Departures | p. 548 |
| Jazz | p. 550 |
| Dance | p. 550 |
| Modern Dance | p. 550 |
| Literature | p. 551 |
| Modernism | p. 551 |
| The Chicago Renaissance | p. 554 |
| The Harlem Renaissance | p. 555 |
| Cinema | p. 555 |
| Europe | p. 555 |
| The Rise of the Studio | p. 556 |
| New Genres | p. 556 |
| Social Commentary | p. 556 |
| From Modernism to Postmodernism and Beyond | p. 559 |
| Contexts And Concepts | p. 560 |
| Contexts | p. 560 |
| Decolonization | p. 560 |
| The Cold War | p. 561 |
| European Unification | p. 562 |
| Science and Liberty | p. 562 |
| Technology: Robots | p. 562 |
| Concepts | p. 563 |
| Postmodernism | p. 563 |
| Pluralism | p. 563 |
| The Arts From Modernism To Postmodernism And Beyond | p. 564 |
| Painting and Sculpture | p. 565 |
| Postwar Modernism | p. 565 |
| Masterwork: Organizing the Image 5: Frankenthaler, Buddha | p. 566 |
| Profile: Pablo Picasso | p. 567 |
| Postmodernism | p. 577 |
| Pluralism | p. 585 |
| Architecture | p. 586 |
| Postwar Modernism | p. 586 |
| Postmodernism | p. 589 |
| Pluralism | p. 593 |
| Theatre | p. 593 |
| Postwar Modernism | p. 593 |
| Postmodernism | p. 594 |
| Pluralism | p. 596 |
| Music | p. 598 |
| Postwar Modernism | p. 599 |
| Postmodernism | p. 601 |
| Profile: Richard Danielpour | p. 602 |
| Pluralism | p. 603 |
| Dance | p. 605 |
| Modern | p. 605 |
| Ballet | p. 606 |
| Postmodern | p. 606 |
| Pluralism | p. 606 |
| Literature | p. 607 |
| Postmodernism | p. 607 |
| Pluralism | p. 608 |
| Cinema | p. 611 |
| International Film and the Demise of the Studio | p. 611 |
| Pluralism | p. 612 |
| Glossary | p. 614 |
| Further Reading | p. 622 |
| Notes | p. 624 |
| Literary Acknowledgments | p. 625 |
| Picture Credits | p. 626 |
| Index | p. 627 |
| MAPS | |
| Sites of prehistoric importance in Europe | p. 33 |
| The ancient Near and Middle East, showing peoples | p. 34 |
| The Aegean | p. 55 |
| Ancient Greece | p. 77 |
| The Roman Republic, 264-31 B.C.E. | p. 114 |
| The Roman Empire to 280 C.E. | p. 115 |
| Lands of the Bible, showing trade routes | p. 143 |
| The Roman Empire in the fourth century C.E. | p. 148 |
| The spread of Christianity | p. 150 |
| The empire of Justinian I, showing peoples | p. 177 |
| The Byzantine Empire, 1340-1403 | p. 179 |
| The Byzantine and Islamic empires, 814 | p. 181 |
| Growth of the empire of Charlemagne, 768-814, and its division, 843 | p. 212 |
| The Crusades | p. 244 |
| Renaissance Italy | p. 281 |
| European trade in the fifteenth century | p. 285 |
| World exploration, 1487-1610 | p. 307 |
| Religious divisions in sixteenth-century Europe | p. 343 |
| Map of Europe from the Atlas sive cosmo graphicae published by Gerard Mercator, Duisburg, 1585 | p. 347 |
| Scientific thinkers and philosophes of the Enlightenment | p. 416 |
| The industrialization of Europe in the nineteenth century | p. 450 |
| European emigration in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries | p. 483 |
| Europe on the eve of World War I | p. 526 |
| World War II in Europe | p. 530 |
| World War II in the Pacific | p. 531 |
| Collapse of the Soviet bloc, 1989-93 | p. 561 |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |