Rent 9780821385395 | Carbon Footprints and Food Systems : Do Current Accounting Methodologies Disadvantage Developin... | Brenton, Paul; Edwards-Jones, Gareth; Jensen, Michael Friis @knetbooks.com

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Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	p. v
About the Authors	p. vi
Abbreviations	p. vii
Executive Summary	p. viii
Introduction	p. 1
Background to the Study	p. 1
Objectives	p. 1
Approach	p. 2
Structure of Report	p. 2
Description of Ongoing Carbon Footprinting Initiatives Around the Globe	p. 3
Summary	... MOREp. 3
Current Carbon Labeling Methods and Schemes	p. 3
Conclusions	p. 14
Availability of Data Relevant to Developing Countries	p. 20
Summary	p. 20
Introduction	p. 20
IPCC Emission Factors	p. 20
Other Emissions Data	p. 22
Conclusions	p. 28
Case Study: Carbon Footprints of Tropical Food Products Calculated According to PAS 2050	p. 30
Summary	p. 30
Introduction	p. 30
Methods	p. 30
Results	p. 34
Discussion	p. 37
Conclusion	p. 42
Subjectivity, Uncertainty, and Impact of Methodology on Final Results	p. 43
Summary	p. 43
Introduction	p. 43
The Impact of Data Choice	p. 44
The Impact of Land Use Change	p. 45
The Impact of Including or Excluding Key Variables in the Carbon Footprint	p. 49
The reality of Data Collection	p. 58
Conclusions	p. 59
Conclusions and Recommendations for Development-Friendly Carbon Footprinting Schemes	p. 61
Summary	p. 61
Introduction	p. 61
The Situation in Developing Countries	p. 62
Recommendations for Development-Friendly Carbon Footprinting	p. 64
References	p. 69
List of Tables
Summary of information available on different carbon footprinting methodologies	p. 14
Comparison of methodological approach, data requirements, and data sources for some carbon footprint schemes highlighting problems in indentifying methodological details	p. 15
Default emission factors (EFs) relevant to tropical food carbon footprinting	p. 21
Availability and sources of published, country-or region-specific key carbon footprinting data for a random selection of countries	p. 23
Number of agro-ecological zones (AEZs) within a sample of countries	p. 26
Carbon quantities for soil in various tropical conditions	p. 29
GHG emissions per ton of sugar cane	p. 35
GHG emissions per ton of raw sugar	p. 35
The carbon footprint of sugar in transit	p. 36
GHG emissions for fresh pineapples	p. 36
GHG emissions for pineapple jam	p. 37
Truck transport emissions	p. 45
Calculating emissions resulting from land use changes in tropical forests	p. 47
Changes in carbon stocks resulting from land use changes in tropical forests	p. 48
List of Figures
Global soil organic carbon to 1m depth	p. 28
GHG emissions from the truck transport of one ton of sugar	p. 44
Sugar farm in Zambia	p. 47
Degradation of woodland surrounding a sugar farm	p. 49
The carbon footprint of one ton of sugar delivered to a refinery	p. 51
The carbon footprint of one ton of sugar delivered to port	p. 54
The carbon footprint per kilogram of pineapple at the farm gate	p. 55
The carbon footprint per kilogram of pineapple jam for European export	p. 57
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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