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Business, Government and Society: A Managerial Perspective

ISBN: 9780072994421 | 0072994428
Edition: 11th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Pub. Date: 5/2/2005

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SummaryTable of Contents
Business, Government and Society, by Steiner and Steiner, was one of the very first books in this course area and has benefited greatly from the reputation of its authors. George Steiner, the father in this father-and-son team, is one of the pioneers in the field. The text includes coverage of all the distinct content areas and is known for its inclusion of historical background. Each chapter has three elements; (1) a beginning story to illustrate central themes, (2) explanatory text, and (3) a case study inviting debate about events related to... MORE
Prefacexi
The Study of Business, Government, and Society
1(20)
Exxon Mobil Corporation
1(5)
... MORE
What Is the Business--Government--Society (BGS) Field?
6(2)
Why Is the BGS Field Important to Managers?
8(1)
Four Models of the BGS Relationship
9(9)
The Market Capitalism Model
9(4)
The Dominance Model
13(2)
The Countervailing Forces Model
15(1)
The Stakeholder Model
16(2)
Our Approach to the Subject Matter
18(3)
Comprehensive Scope
19(1)
Interdisciplinary Approach with a Management Focus
19(1)
Use of Theory, Description, and Case Studies
19(1)
Global Perspective
20(1)
Historical Perspective
20(1)
The Dynamic Environment
21(31)
The Royal Dutch/Shell PLC
21(2)
Volatility in the Business Environment
23(1)
Underlying Historical Forces Changing the Business Environment
24(10)
The Industrial Revolution
24(1)
Inequality
24(3)
Population Growth
27(3)
Technology
30(1)
Globalization
31(1)
Nation-States
32(1)
Dominant Ideologies
33(1)
Great Leadership
33(1)
Chance
34(1)
Seven Key Environments of Business
34(9)
The Economic Environment
35(1)
The Technological Environment
36(1)
The Government Environment
37(2)
The Legal Environment
39(1)
The Cultural Environment
40(1)
The Natural Environment
41(1)
The Internal Environment
41(2)
Concluding Observations
43(1)
Case Study: The American Fur Company
44(8)
Business Power
52(26)
James B. Duke and the American Tobacco Company
52(3)
The Nature of Business Power
55(1)
What Is Power?
55(1)
Levels and Spheres of Corporate Power
56(2)
The Story of the Railroads
58(2)
Two Perspectives on Business Power
60(10)
The Dominance Theory
61(5)
Pluralist Theory
66(4)
Concluding Observations
70(1)
Case Study: John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Trust
70(8)
Critics of Business
78(36)
Mary ``Mother'' Jones
78(3)
Origins of Critical Attitudes toward Business
81(3)
The Greeks and Romans
81(2)
The Medieval World
83(1)
The Modern World
83(1)
The American Critique of Business
84(19)
The Colonial Era
84(1)
The Young Nation
85(1)
1800--1865
86(2)
Populists and Progressives
88(2)
Socialists
90(4)
The Great Depression and World War II
94(1)
The Collapse of Confidence
95(4)
Progressive Activists
99(4)
Concluding Observations
103(1)
Case Study: A Campaign against KFC Corporation
104(10)
Corporate Social Responsibility
114(33)
Merck & Co., Inc.
114(2)
The Evolving Idea of Social Responsibility
116(7)
Social Responsibility in Classical Economic Theory
116(1)
The Early Charitable Impulse
117(2)
Social Responsibility in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
119(2)
1950--The Present
121(2)
Basic Elements of Social Responsibility
123(1)
General Principles of Corporate Social Responsibility
124(1)
Are Social and Financial Performance Related?
125(1)
Corporate Social Responsibility in a Global Context
126(3)
International Codes of Conduct for Corporations
129(7)
Corporate Codes
129(2)
Industry Codes
131(1)
The United Nations and the Global Compact
131(2)
Other Codes
133(2)
Assessing the Codes
135(1)
Concluding Observations
136(1)
Case Study: The Jack Welch Era at General Electric
137(10)
Implementing Social Responsibility
147(31)
The Chad-Cameroon Pipeline Project
147(2)
Key Elements of Managing the Social Response
149(10)
Leadership
149(3)
Mission Statements
152(1)
Managing Social Issues
153(1)
The Life Cycles of Issues
153(3)
Alignment of Structure, Culture, and Processes
156(1)
Corporate Social Reporting
157(2)
Corporate Philanthropy
159(8)
Patterns and Magnitudes of Corporate Giving
160(2)
Fortunes in Action
162(2)
Strategic Philanthropy
164(2)
Cause-Related Marketing
166(1)
Concluding Observations
167(1)
Case Study: Marc Kasky versus Nike Inc.
168(10)
Business Ethics
178(38)
The Fall of Arthur Andersen
178(2)
What Are Business Ethics?
180(1)
Two Theories of Business Ethics
181(3)
Aristotle's Theory of Responsibility
184(1)
Major Sources of Ethical Values in Business
185(10)
Religion
185(2)
Philosophy
187(2)
Cultural Experience
189(2)
Law
191(4)
Factors That Influence Managerial Ethics
195(4)
Leadership
195(2)
Strategies and Policies
197(1)
Corporate Culture
198(1)
Individual Characteristics
199(1)
How Corporations Manage Ethics
199(7)
Ethics Programs: A Strong Future
206(1)
Concluding Observations
206(1)
Case Study: The Trial of Martha Stewart
206(10)
Making Ethical Decisions in Business
216(30)
Realtors in the Wilderness
216(2)
Principles of Ethical Conduct
218(11)
The Categorical Imperative
218(1)
The Conventionalist Ethic
219(1)
The Disclosure Rule
220(1)
The Doctrine of the Mean
220(1)
The Ends--Means Ethic
221(1)
The Golden Rule
222(1)
The Intuition Ethic
222(1)
The Might-Equals-Right Ethic
223(1)
The Organization Ethic
224(1)
The Principle of Equal Freedom
224(1)
The Proportionality Ethic
225(1)
The Rights Ethic
226(1)
The Theory of Justice
226(1)
The Utilitarian Ethic
227(2)
Reasoning with Principles
229(1)
Character Development
230(1)
Practical Suggestions for Making Ethical Decisions
231(2)
Concluding Observations
233(1)
Case Study: Short Incidents for Ethical Reasoning
234(3)
HCA---The Healthcare Company
237(9)
Business in Politics
246(39)
Public Law 108-357
246(2)
The Open Structure of American Government
248(2)
A History of Political Dominance by Business
250(5)
Laying the Groundwork
250(1)
Ascendance, Corruption, and Reform
251(2)
Business Falls Back under the New Deal
253(1)
Postwar Politics and Winds of Change
254(1)
The Rise of Antagonistic Groups
255(1)
Diffusion of Power in Government
255(2)
The Universe of Organized Business Interests
257(1)
Lobbying
258(4)
Lobbying Methods
260(2)
The Corporate Role in Elections
262(10)
Efforts to Limit Corporate Influence
262(1)
The Federal Election Campaign Act
263(2)
Political Action Committees
265(1)
How PACs Work
265(1)
Soft Money and Issue Advertising
266(1)
Reform Legislation in 2002
267(5)
The Influence Process
272(2)
Tension over Corporate Political Expression
272(2)
Concluding Observations
274(1)
Case Study: Westar Goes to Washington
275(10)
Federal Regulation of Business
285(31)
Lockheed Martin Skunk Works
285(3)
Underlying Reasons for Government Regulation of the Private Sector
288(2)
Flaws in the Market
288(1)
Social, Political, and Other Reasons for Regulation
289(1)
Historical Patterns of Federal Regulation of Business
290(4)
The First Wave
290(1)
The Second Wave
291(1)
The Third Wave
292(1)
The Fourth Wave
292(1)
War Blips
292(1)
Attempts to Stem the Tide
292(2)
The Legal Basis of Government Regulation of Business
294(1)
Supreme Court Interpretations of Constitutional Power
295(4)
Early History
295(1)
Milestone Decisions: Post--Civil War to 1911
296(1)
The Court Invalidates New Deal Laws
297(1)
Attack and Reversal
298(1)
How Government Regulations Are Made
299(2)
Costs and Benefits of Complying with Federal Regulations
301(3)
The Burden of Complying with Regulations
302(1)
Benefits of Government Regulations
303(1)
Growing Demands for New Regulations
304(1)
The Mixed Economy
304(1)
Regulation in Foreign Countries
305(1)
Wide Variation in Regulation and Its Impact
305(1)
Principles of Good Regulation
306(1)
Concluding Observations
306(1)
Case Study: The FDA and Tobacco Regulation
307(9)
Reforming Regulation
316(32)
Ted Turner Attacks Media Giants
316(1)
Why Regulatory Reform?
317(1)
Recommendations for Regulatory Reform
318(10)
Statutory Reform
319(1)
Privatization
320(1)
Deregulation
321(2)
Reduce Command Controls in Favor of Incentive Controls
323(1)
Reduce Paperwork
324(1)
Remove Flapdoodle and Conflicting Standards and Specifications
324(1)
Regulatory Analysis
325(1)
Sunset Laws
326(1)
Regulatory Reform in Foreign Countries
326(2)
The Basic Antitrust Laws
328(3)
The Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
328(1)
The Clayton Act (1914)
328(1)
The Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)
329(1)
The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act (1976)
329(1)
Theories of Antitrust Enforcement
329(2)
Mergers
331(5)
Guidelines for Antitrust Action
332(1)
Type of Merger
333(1)
High-Technology Industries
334(1)
Recent Trends in U.S. Merger Enforcement
334(1)
Foreign Merger Laws and Activity
335(1)
Concluding Observations
336(1)
Case Study: Microsoft Corporation and Antitrust
337(11)
Multinational Corporations and Trade
348(33)
The Coca-Cola Company
348(2)
The Multinational Corporation Defined
350(1)
The Significance and Power of MNCs
351(4)
How Multinational Is a Corporation?
353(2)
Critics of MNC Power
355(1)
Conflicts between Government and MNC Objectives
356(1)
MNCs and Less Developed Countries (LDCs)
357(2)
MNCs and Industrialized Nations
359(1)
U.S. MNC--Government Relations
359(1)
MNC--Government Relations in Other Industrialized Countries
360(1)
Free Trade versus Protectionism
360(6)
Why Free Trade?
361(1)
The United States Moves toward Free Trade
361(1)
Pressures for Protectionism
362(1)
The Politics of Protectionism
363(1)
Free Trader Responses to Protectionists
363(1)
U.S. Deviation from Free Trade Policy
364(1)
Tariff Barriers in Other Countries
364(1)
Classical Free Trade Theory versus Reality
365(1)
Corruption in Business and Government Transactions
366(3)
What Is Corruption?
366(1)
Costs and Consequences of Corruption
367(1)
Laws and Codes to Control Corruption
368(1)
Concluding Observations
369(1)
Case Study: Union Carbide Corporation and Bhopal
370(11)
Globalization
381(32)
McDonald's Corporation
381(3)
What Is Globalization?
384(3)
Major Forces in Expanding Globalization
384(1)
Pros and Cons of Globalization: An Overview
385(2)
Increasing Foreign Competition
387(1)
Expanding Regional Trade Agreements
388(6)
The European Union (EU)
389(2)
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
391(2)
Other Trade Agreements
393(1)
Nongovernmental Organizations
394(1)
How Many NGOs Are There?
394(1)
How NGOs Influence Government and Business
395(1)
Globalization and International Financial Stability
395(2)
Spreading Capitalism
397(3)
Deviations from the American Capitalistic Model
397(1)
Critics of Global Capitalism
398(1)
Institutions and Ideas of Capitalism
399(1)
Globalization Erodes Nation-State Sovereignty
400(1)
Erosion of Cultures
401(2)
Concluding Observations
403(1)
Case Study: The World Trade Organization and Its Critics
403(10)
Industrial Pollution and Environmental Policy
413(34)
The Indian Health Service Solves a Mystery
413(1)
Pollution
414(3)
Human Health
415(1)
The Biosphere
416(1)
Industrial Activity, Pollution, and the Environment
417(3)
Ideas Shape Attitudes toward the Environment
420(2)
New Ideas Challenge the Old
421(1)
Environmental Regulation in the United States
422(1)
The Environmental Protection Agency
423(1)
Principal Areas of Environmental Policy
423(12)
Air
423(7)
Water
430(2)
Land
432(3)
Assessing the Nation's Environmental Laws
435(2)
Concluding Observations
437(1)
Case Study: Owls, Loggers, and Old-Growth Forests
437(10)
Managing Environmental Quality
447(33)
Louisiana-Pacific Corporation
447(2)
Regulating Environmental Risk
449(1)
Analyzing Human Health Risks
450(8)
Risk Assessment
450(7)
Risk Management
457(1)
Cost-Benefit Analysis
458(3)
Advantages of Cost-Benefit Analysis
458(1)
Criticisms of Cost-Benefit Analysis
459(2)
Regulatory Options for Managing Environmental Risks
461(5)
Command-and-Control Regulation
461(1)
Market Incentive Regulation
462(3)
Voluntary Regulation
465(1)
Managing Environmental Quality
466(2)
Environmental Management Systems
466(2)
Capitalism Evolving
468(2)
Concluding Observations
470(1)
Case Study: Johns Manville Corporation and the Asbestos Nightmare
470(10)
Consumerism
480(32)
Harvey W. Wiley
480(4)
Consumerism
484(6)
Consumerism as an Ideology
484(1)
The Rise of Consumerism in America
485(3)
Consumerism as a Protective Movement
488(2)
The Consumer's Protective Shield
490(4)
The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
490(1)
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
491(1)
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
492(2)
Other Consumer Protection Agencies
494(1)
Product Liability Law
494(4)
Negligence
495(1)
Warranty
496(1)
Strict Liability
497(1)
An Assessment of Product Liability Suits
498(3)
Business Wants Product Liability Reform
500(1)
Impacts on Operations
501(1)
Concluding Observations
502(1)
Case Study: Advertising Alcohol
503(9)
The Changing Workplace
512(32)
Ford Motor Company
512(3)
External Forces Changing the Workplace
515(9)
Demographic Change
515(2)
Technological Change
517(1)
Structural Change
518(2)
Competitive Pressures
520(2)
Reorganization of Work
522(2)
Government Intervention
524(11)
Development of Labor Regulation in the United States
524(6)
Work and Worker Protection in Japan and Europe
530(3)
Observations about Labor Regulation
533(2)
Concluding Observations
535(1)
Case Study: Workplace Drug Testing
535(9)
Civil Rights at Work
544(44)
Johnson Controls, Inc.
544(1)
A Short History of Workplace Civil Rights
545(7)
The Colonial Era
545(1)
Civil War and Reconstruction
546(2)
Other Groups Face Employment Discrimination
548(1)
The Civil Rights Cases
549(1)
Plessy v. Ferguson
549(2)
Long Years of Discrimination
551(1)
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
552(3)
Disparate Treatment and Disparate Impact
553(1)
The Griggs Case
554(1)
Affirmative Action
555(1)
Executive Order 11246
555(1)
The Supreme Court Changes Title VII
556(6)
The Affirmative Action Debate
559(3)
Women in the Workplace
562(10)
Gender Attitudes at Work
563(2)
The Persistence of Traditional Stereotypes
565(1)
Occupational Segregation
565(1)
Subtle Discrimination
566(2)
Compensation
568(2)
Sexual Harassment
570(2)
Corporate Efforts to Promote Diversity
572(4)
Concluding Observations
576(1)
Case Study: Adarand v. Pena
576(12)
Corporate Governance
588(30)
Enron's Governance Debacle
588(4)
Corporate Scandals in the Wake of Enron
592(2)
Who Regulates Corporations?
594(3)
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act
595(2)
Corporate Governance Defined
597(1)
The Corporate Charter
598(1)
The Composition and Size of Boards
599(3)
Board Structures in Foreign Countries
600(1)
The Duties of Directors
600(2)
Institutional Investors and Governance
602(3)
CalPERS
603(2)
Compensation
605(4)
How Much Are CEOs Paid?
605(1)
Criticisms of CEO Compensation
606(2)
In Defense of CEOs
608(1)
What Should Directors Do about Compensation?
608(1)
To Whom Are Directors Accountable?
609(1)
Concluding Observations
609(1)
Case Study: Cendant Shareholders Attack Executive Pay
610(8)
Index618

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