9780470182352

Broadband optical access network is an ideal solution to alleviate the first/last mile bottleneck of current Internet infrastructures. Richly illustrated throughout to help clarify important topics, Broadband Optical Access Networks covers the architectures, protocols enabling technologies of broadband optical access networks, and all current and future competing technologies for access networks. This comprehensive work presents the evolution of optical access networks, including reach extension, bandwidth enhancement, and discusses the convergence of optical and wireless technologies for broadband access, making it an invaluable reference for researchers, electrical engineers, and graduate students.

Leonid G. Kazovsky, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and a Fellow of the Optical Society of America (OSA). He is the founder and director of the Photonic and Networking Research Laboratory and is recognized for his outstanding research contributions to coherent optical communications and optical access networks. Ning Cheng, PhD, is a senior engineer at a major technology company as well as the author of more than sixty technical papers in electrical engineering. He served as a postdoctoral research fellow at Stanford University. Wei-Tao Shaw, PhD, is currently a member of the technical staff at Infinera Inc. During his time at Stanford University, he worked in the Photonics and Networking Research Lab where he focused on optical access networks and subsystems, and hybrid optical and wireless access networks. David Gutierrez, PhD, currently advises the Colombian Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications. While at Stanford University, his research focused on next-generation access networks. His work has been published in many scientific journals and conference proceedings. Shing-Wa Wong, PhD, graduated with a degree in electrical engineering from Stanford University. He has published more than twenty-five IEEE journal and conference publications and obtained three patents in next-generation broadband networks.

Foreword	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Broadband Access Technologies: An Overview	p. 1
Communication Networks	p. 2
Access Technologies	p. 4
Last-Mile Bottleneck	p. 4
Access Technologies Compared	p. 5
Digital Subscriber Line	p. 6
DSL Standards	p. 7
Modulation Methods	p. 8
Voice over DSL	p. 8
Hybrid Fiber Coax	p. 9
Cable Modem	p. 10
DOCSIS	p. 10
Optical Access Networks	p. 11
Passive Optical Networks	p. 11
PON Standard Development	p. 12
WDM PONs	p. 13
Other Types of Optical Access Networks	p. 15
Broadband over Power Lines	p. 18
Power-Line Communications	p. 18
BPL Modem	p. 19
Challenges in BPL	p. 20
Wireless Access Technologies	p. 20
Wi-Fi Mesh Networks	p. 21
WiMAX Access Networks	p. 22
Cellular Networks	p. 24
Satellite Systems	p. 25
LMDS and MMDS Systems	p. 26
Broadband Services and Emerging Technologies	p. 28
Broadband Access Services	p. 29
Emerging Technologies	p. 30
Summary	p. 31
References	p. 33
Optical Communications: Components and Systems	p. 34
Optical Fibers	p. 35
Fiber Structure	p. 35
Fiber Mode	p. 38
Fiber Loss	p. 45
Fiber Dispersion	p. 47
Nonlinear Effects	p. 52
Light-Wave Propagation in Optical Fibers	p. 54
Optical Transmitters	p. 55
Semiconductor Lasers	p. 55
Optical Modulators	p. 66
Transmitter Design	p. 71
Optical Receivers	p. 72
Photodetectors	p. 73
Optical Receiver Design	p. 76
Optical Amplifiers	p. 78
Rare-Earth-Doped Fiber Amplifiers	p. 81
Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers	p. 83
Raman Amplifiers	p. 85
Passive Optical Components	p. 86
Directional Couplers	p. 86
Optical Filters	p. 89
System Design and Analysis	p. 93
Receiver Sensitivity	p. 93
Power Budget	p. 98
Dispersion Limit	p. 99
Optical Transceiver Design for TDM PONs	p. 101
Burst-Mode Optical Transmission	p. 102
Colorless ONUs	p. 104
Summary	p. 106
References	p. 107
Passive Optical Networks: Architectures and Protocols	p. 108
PON Architectures	p. 109
Network Dimensioning and Bandwidth	p. 110
Power Budget	p. 110
Burst-Mode Operation	p. 112
PON Packet Format and Encapsulation	p. 113
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, Ranging, and Discovery	p. 114
Reliability and Security Concerns	p. 114
PON Standards History and Deployment	p. 115
Brief Developmental History	p. 115
FTTx Deployments	p. 116
Broadband PON	p. 117
BPON Architecture	p. 118
BPON Protocol and Service	p. 121
BPON Transmission Convergence Layer	p. 125
BPON Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation	p. 130
Other ITU-T G.983.x Recommendations	p. 133
Gigabit-Capable PON	p. 133
GPON Physical Medium-Dependent Layer	p. 134
GPON Transmission Convergence Layer	p. 137
Recent G.984 Series Standards, Revisions, and Amendments	p. 142
Ethernet PON	p. 144
EPON Architecture	p. 144
EPON Point-to-Multipoint MAC Control	p. 147
Open Implementations in EPON	p. 152
Unresolved Security Weaknesses	p. 155
IEEE 802.av-2009 10GEPON Standard	p. 156
10GEPON PMD Architecture	p. 156
10GEPON MAC Modifications	p. 158
10GEPON Coexistence Options	p. 161
Next-Generation Optical Access System Development in the Standards	p. 162
FSAN NGA Road Map	p. 162
Energy Efficiency	p. 163
Other Worldwide Development	p. 164
Summary	p. 164
References	p. 165
Next-Generation Broadband Optical Access Networks	p. 166
TDM-PON Evolution	p. 167
EPON Bandwidth Enhancements	p. 168
GPON Bandwidth Enhancements	p. 168
Line Rate Enhancements Research	p. 169
WDM-PON Components and Network Architectures	p. 172
Colorless ONUs	p. 173
Tunable Lasers and Receivers	p. 174
Spectrum-Sliced Broadband Light Sources	p. 176
Injection-Locked FP Lasers	p. 178
Centralized Light Sources with RSOAs	p. 179
Multimode Fiber	p. 181
Hybrid TDM/WDM-PON	p. 184
TDM-PON to WDM-PON Evolution	p. 184
Hybrid Tree Topology Evolution	p. 186
Tree to Ring Topology Evolution	p. 195
WDM-PON Protocols and Scheduling Algorithms	p. 202
MAC Protocols	p. 203
Scheduling Algorithms	p. 204
Summary	p. 211
References	p. 211
Hybrid Optical Wireless Access Networks	p. 216
Wireless Access Technologies	p. 217
IEEE 802.16 WiMAX	p. 217
Wireless Mesh Networks	p. 225
Hybrid Optical-Wireless Access Network Architecture	p. 241
Leveraging TDM-PON for Smooth Upgrade of Hierarchical Wireless Access Networks	p. 242
Upgrading Path	p. 244
Reconfigurable Optical Backhaul Architecture	p. 247
Integrated Routing Algorithm for Hybrid Access Networks	p. 258
Simulation Results and Performance Analysis	p. 260
Summary	p. 262
References	p. 263
Index	p. 267
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Broadband Optical Access Networks

Broadband Optical Access Networks

0470182350

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