Rent 9780721639277 | Pharmacology; A Nursing Process Approach | Kee, Hayes & McCuistion @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents Author Biography

This full-color pharmacology textbook is full of innovative, user-friendly features such as prototype drug charts, nursing process sections, and an extensive math/dosage calculations section. The 5th edition has been completely updated and includes a Companion CD-ROM that contains animations, NCLEX� examination-style review questions, printable IV therapy and medication safety checklists, drug calculation problems, and convenient electronic calculators. A separate drug calculations section - Medications and Calculations - features 65 pages of math review and step-by-step instructions for dosage calculations using the four primary methods - basic formula, ratio and proportion, dimensional analysis, and fractional equation. Nursing Process sections relate nursing care to drug therapy. Each step of the nursing process includes concise actions for the plan of care in relation to treatment for selected drug prototypes. A chapter on Principles of Drug Administration features comprehensive coverage of the procedures for administering drugs. It addresses all routes of administration and various settings. Unit openers for drug therapy chapters include an illustrated overview of normal anatomy and physiology, giving readers the foundation for understanding how the drug works in that body system. Herbal Alert boxes highlight various herbal products and their interactions with drugs. More than 100 detailed Prototype Drug Charts list the following information: dosage, indication, contraindication, drug-lab-food interactions, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic effects, side effects, and adverse reactions. Highlighted Client Teaching, Cultural Considerations, and Herbal Alerts are included in the Nursing Process sections to emphasize key implications for nurses. Client Teaching in the nursing process sections guide readers through instructions for teaching patients about medication, self-administration, dietary concerns, and side effects. Includes a separate Transcultural and Genetic Considerations chapter. Critical Thinking Case Studies and Study Questions at the end of each chapter present readers with a clinical scenario and several questions that reinforce key concepts and encourage critical thinking. A new chapter on substance abuse addresses this important aspect of the nurse's role in pharmacology. Preventing Medication Errors boxes draw attention to important safety considerations and present guidelines from the Institute for Safe Medication Practice (ISMP). Critical Thinking Case Study boxes provide clinical scenarios and questions to sharpen analytical and critical thinking skills. Now includes step-by-step instructions for dosage calculations using dimensional analysis. Web sites, organizations, and research database information are available at the end of clinical chapters for further review and research. The newest JCAHO guidelines for medication safety are applied throughout the text and the abbreviations appendix has been revised to reflect these updates. Includes a new Herb/Drug Interaction chart, as well as new sugar-free and alcohol-free drug lists. Features updated coverage of pain as the fifth vital sign. Look-alike/sound-alike drugs are highlighted throughout to promote safe drug administration. Includes a list of the 200 most frequently prescribed drugs. Electronic Resources boxes at the beginning of each chapter direct readers to additional learning activities available on the Companion CD and the Evolve website.

One: A Nurse's Perspective of Pharmacology

(44)

Drug Action: Pharmaceutic, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Phases

(12)

... MORE

Introduction

(1)

Pharmaceutic Phase

(1)

Pharmacokinetic Phase

(4)

Absorption

(1)

Distribution

(1)

Metabolism, or Biotransformation

(1)

Excretion, or Elimination

(1)

Pharmacodynamic Phase

(7)

Dose Response and Maximal Efficacy

(1)

Onset, Peak, and Duration of Action

(1)

Receptor Theory

(2)

Therapeutic Index and Therapeutic Range (Therapeutic Window)

(1)

Peak and Trough Levels

(1)

Loading Dose

(1)

Side Effects, Adverse Reactions, and Toxic Effects

(1)

Pharmacogenetics

(1)

Tachyphylaxis

(1)

Placebo Effect

(1)

Summary

(3)

Nursing Process and Client Teaching

(9)

Introduction

(1)

Nursing Process

(8)

Assessment

(1)

Planning

(1)

Implementation

(5)

Evaluation

(2)

Principles of Drug Administration

(22)

Introduction

(1)

The ``Five-Plus-Five Rights'' of Drug Administration

(7)

Medication Self-Administration

(1)

Special Considerations: Factors That Modify Drug Response

(1)

Guidelines for Drug Administration

(1)

Forms and Routes for Drug Administration

(10)

Tablets and Capsules

(1)

Liquids

(1)

Transdermal

(1)

Topical

(1)

Instillations

(1)

Inhalations

(2)

Nasogastric and Gastrostomy Tubes

(1)

Suppositories

(1)

Parenteral

(5)

Nursing Implications for Administration of Parenteral Medications

(1)

Sites

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Technique

(1)

Developmental Needs of Pediatric Clients

(1)

Technologic Advances

(3)

Two: Medications and Calculations

(74)

Medications and Calculations

(73)

Overview

(1)

Section 4A Systems of Measurement with Conversion

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Metric System

(1)

Conversion Within the Metric System

(1)

Metric Conversion

(1)

Apothecary System

(1)

Apothecary Conversion

(1)

Household System

(2)

Household Conversion

(1)

Conversion Among the Metric, Apothecary, and Household Systems

(2)

Metric, Apothecary, and Household Equivalents

(1)

Section 4B Methods for Calculation

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Interpreting Oral and Injectable Drug Labels

(1)

Method 1: Basic Formula (BF)

(1)

Method 2: Ratio and Proportion (RP)

(1)

Method 3: Fractional Equation (FE)

(1)

Method 4: Dimensional Analysis (DA)

(1)

Method 5: Body Weight (BW)

(1)

Method 6: Body Surface Area (BSA)

(7)

BSA with the Square Root

(5)

Section 4C Calculations of Oral Dosages

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Tablets, Capsules, and Liquids

(1)

Interpreting Oral Drug Labels

(1)

Drug Differentiation

(1)

Preventing Medication Errors

(1)

Calculation for Tablet, Capsule, and Liquid Doses

(4)

Body Weight and Body Surface Area

(1)

Drugs Administered Via Nasogastric Tube

(2)

Section 4D Calculations of Injectable Dosages

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Injectable Preparations

(1)

Vials and Ampules

(1)

Syringes

(4)

Prefilled Drug Cartridges and Syringes

(1)

Needles

(1)

Interpreting Injectable Drug Labels

(1)

Intradermal Injections

(1)

Subcutaneous Injections

(2)

Calculations: Subcutaneous Injections

(1)

Insulin Injections

(3)

Types of Insulins

(2)

Mixing Insulins

(1)

Intramuscular Injections

(8)

Drug Solutions for Injection

(1)

Powdered Drug Reconstitution

(1)

Mixing Injectable Drugs

(6)

Section 4E Calculations of Intravenous Fluids

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Continuous Intravenous Administration

(4)

Intravenous Sets

(1)

Calculation Intravenous Flow Rate

(1)

Mixing Drugs for Continuous Intravenous Administration

(3)

Intermittent Intravenous Administration

(1)

Secondary Intravenous Sets Without IV Pumps

(1)

Intermittent Infusion Adapters/Devices

(1)

SASH Procedure

(1)

Direct Intravenous Injections

(1)

Electronic Intravenous Regulators

100

(1)

Patient-Controlled Analgesia

101

(1)

Client Teaching

101

(1)

Calculating Flow Rates for Intravenous Drugs

102

(6)

Section 4F Pediatric Drug Calculations

108

(1)

Introduction

108

(1)

Oral

109

(1)

Intramuscular

109

(1)

Pediatric Dosage per Body Weight

110

(1)

Pediatric Dosage per Body Surface Area

111

(1)

Pediatric Dosage From Adult Dosage

112

(2)

Pediatric Calculations for Injectables

114

(5)

Three: Contemporary Issues in Pharmacology

119

(100)

The Drug Approval Process

120

(8)

Introduction

121

(1)

Drug Standards and Legislation

121

(2)

Drug Standards

121

(1)

Federal Legislation

121

(2)

Nurse Practice Acts

123

(1)

Canadian Drug Regulation

123

(1)

Initiatives to Combat Drug Counterfeiting

124

(1)

Drug Names

124

(1)

Drug Resources

125

(1)

Food and Drug Administration Pregnancy Categories

126

(1)

Poison Control Centers

126

(1)

Ethical Considerations

126

(1)

International Issues

127

(1)

Transcultural and Genetic Considerations

128

(11)

Introduction

129

(1)

The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence

129

(1)

The Domains of Culture

129

(10)

Overview/Heritage

129

(1)

Communication

129

(2)

Family Organization

131

(1)

Biocultural Ecology

131

(1)

High-Risk Behaviors

132

(1)

Nutrition

132

(1)

Spirituality

132

(1)

Health Care Practices

132

(1)

Health Care Practitioners

133

(6)

Drug Interaction and Over-the-Counter Drugs

139

(10)

Introduction

140

(1)

Drug Interaction

140

(3)

Pharmacokinetic Interactions

140

(1)

Pharmacodynamic Interactions

141

(2)

Drug-Food Interactions

143

(1)

Drug-Laboratory Interactions

144

(1)

Drug-Induced Photosensitivity

144

(1)

Over-the-Counter Drugs

144

(5)

Cold and Cough Remedies

146

(1)

Sleep Aids

146

(1)

Weight-Control Drugs

147

(2)

Drugs of Abuse

149

(19)

Introduction

150

(2)

Terminology of Drug Abuse

150

(1)

Neurobiology of Addictive Drugs

150

(1)

Overview of Addictive States

151

(1)

Stimulants

152

(5)

Nicotine

152

(2)

Cocaine

154

(2)

Amphetamines

156

(1)

Caffeine

157

(1)

Depressants

157

(4)

Alcohol

157

(3)

Sedative-Hypnotics

160

(1)

Opioids

160

(1)

Other Drugs of Abuse

161

(3)

Cannabis

161

(1)

Psychedelic Agents

162

(2)

Inhalants

164

(1)

Special Needs of Drug-Abusing Clients

164

(1)

Surgical Clients

164

(1)

Pain Management

165

(1)

Chemical Impairment in Nurses

165

(1)

Contributing Factors

165

(1)

Characteristics

165

(1)

Management

165

(1)

Summary

166

(2)

Herbal Therapy with Nursing Implications

168

(16)

Introduction

169

(1)

Herbal Monographs

169

(1)

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994

170

(1)

Proposed Standards

170

(1)

Herbal Preparations

170

(1)

Commonly Used Herbal Remedies

171

(2)

Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis)

171

(1)

Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)

171

(1)

Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis)

171

(1)

Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia)

171

(1)

Feverfew, (Chrysanthemum parthenium)

171

(1)

Garlic (Allium sativum)

171

(1)

Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

172

(1)

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)

172

(1)

Ginseng (Panax ginseng)

172

(1)

Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)

172

(1)

Kava (Piper methysticum)

172

(1)

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

172

(1)

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)

172

(1)

Peppermint (Mentha piperita)

172

(1)

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

172

(1)

Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens)

173

(1)

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

173

(1)

Summary of Commonly Used Herbal Remedies

173

(1)

Using Herbs to Treat Selected Common Ailments

173

(1)

Potential Hazards of Herbs

173

(7)

Tips for Consumers and Health Care Providers

180

(2)

Herbal Resources

182

(1)

Organizations

182

(1)

Research Databases

182

(1)

Summary

182

(2)

Pediatric Pharmacology

184

(9)

Introduction

185

(1)

Pharmacokinetics

185

(2)

Absorption

185

(1)

Distribution

186

(1)

Metabolism

186

(1)

Excretion

187

(1)

Pharmacodynamics

187

(1)

Nursing Implications

187

(2)

Pediatric Medication Dosing and Monitoring

187

(1)

Pediatric Medication Administration

188

(1)

Nursing Process

189

(1)

Considerations for the Adolescent

190

(3)

Geriatric Pharmacology

193

(9)

Introduction

194

(1)

Physiologic Changes

194

(1)

Polypharmacy

194

(1)

Pharmacokinetics

195

(1)

Absorption

195

(1)

Distribution

195

(1)

Metabolism or Biotransformation

196

(1)

Excretion

196

(1)

Pharmacodynamics

196

(1)

Effects of Selected Drug Groups on Older Adults

197

(1)

Hypnotics

197

(1)

Diuretics and Antihypertensives

197

(1)

Cardiac Glycosides

198

(1)

Anticoagulants

198

(1)

Antibacterials

198

(1)

Gastrointestinal Drugs

198

(1)

Antidepressants

198

(1)

Narcotic Analgesics

198

(1)

Noncompliance/Nonadherence

198

(1)

Health Teaching with the Older Adult

199

(3)

Medication Administration in Community Settings

202

(9)

Introduction

203

(1)

Client Teaching

203

(2)

General

203

(1)

Diet

204

(1)

Self-Administration

204

(1)

Side Effects

205

(1)

Cultural Considerations

205

(1)

Community-Based Settings

205

(3)

Home Setting

205

(2)

School Setting

207

(1)

Work Setting

208

(1)

Summary

208

(3)

The Role of the Nurse in Drug Research

211

(8)

Introduction

212

(1)

Basic Ethical Principles

212

(2)

Respect for Person

212

(1)

Beneficence

212

(1)

Justice

212

(1)

Informed Consent

212

(2)

Risk-to-Benefit Ratio

214

(1)

Objectives and Phases of Human Clinical Experimentation

214

(2)

Preclinical Testing

214

(1)

Human Clinical Experimentation

214

(1)

Study Designs

215

(1)

Nurse's Role

215

(1)

Recent Developments and What Is on the Horizon

216

(3)

Four: Nutrition and Electrolytes

219

(42)

Vitamin and Mineral Replacement

220

(14)

Introduction

221

(1)

Vitamins

221

(9)

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

223

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 14-1: Vitamin A

223

(1)

Water-Soluble Vitamins

224

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 14-2: Vitamin C

226

(4)

Minerals

230

(4)

Iron

230

(1)

Copper

230

(1)

Zinc

230

(1)

Chromium

230

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 14-3: Iron

231

(1)

Selenium

231

(3)

Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement

234

(17)

Introduction

235

(1)

Body Fluids

235

(1)

Osmolarity and Tonicity

236

(1)

Fluid Replacement

236

(2)

Intravenous Solutions

236

(2)

Electrolytes

238

(13)

Potassium

238

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 15-1: Potassium

239

(3)

Sodium

242

(2)

Calcium

244

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 15-2: Calcium

245

(3)

Magnesium

248

(3)

Nutritional Support

251

(10)

Introduction

252

(1)

Enteral Nutrition

252

(5)

Routes for Enteral Feedings

252

(1)

Enteral Solutions

252

(2)

Methods for Delivery

254

(1)

Complications

255

(1)

Enteral Medications

255

(2)

Parenteral Nutrition

257

(4)

Total Parenteral Nutrition

257

(1)

Complications

257

(4)

Five: Autonomic Nervous System Agents

261

(34)

Adrenergics and Adrenergic Blockers

265

(15)

Introduction

266

(1)

Adrenergics

266

(8)

Inactivation of Neurotransmitters

268

(1)

Classification of Sympathomimetics/Adrenomimetics

268

(1)

Epinephrine

268

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 17-1: Epinephrine

269

(1)

Albuterol

269

(1)

Isoproterenol Hydrochloride

270

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 17-2: Albuterol

270

(1)

Clonidine and Methyldopa

271

(3)

Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)

274

(6)

Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers

274

(1)

Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

274

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 17-3: Atenolol

275

(2)

Adrenergic Neuron Blockers

277

(3)

Cholinergics and Anticholinergics

280

(15)

Introduction

281

(1)

Cholinergics

281

(4)

Direct-Acting Cholinergics

282

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 18-1: Bethanechol Chloride

283

(1)

Indirect-Acting Cholinergics

284

(1)

Anticholinergics

285

(4)

Atropine

286

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 18-2: Atropine

287

(2)

Antiparkinson-Anticholinergic Drugs

289

(1)

Antihistamines for Treating Motion Sickness

289

(6)

Prototype Drug Chart 18-3: Trihexyphenidyl HCI

290

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 18-4: Tolterodine Tartrate

292

(3)

Six: Neurologic and Neuromuscular Agents

295

(78)

Central Nervous System Stimulants

298

(9)

Introduction

299

(1)

Pathophysiology

299

(1)

Amphetamines

299

(3)

Amphetamine-Like Drugs for ADHD and Narcolepsy

299

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 19-1: Methylphenidate

300

(2)

Anorexiants

302

(1)

Analeptics

302

(1)

Respiratory Central Nervous System Stimulant

303

(1)

Headaches: Migraine and Cluster

303

(4)

Pathophysiology

304

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 19-2: Sumatriptan

305

(2)

Central Nervous System Depressants

307

(14)

Introduction

308

(1)

Types and Stages of Sleep

308

(1)

Nonpharmacologic Methods

308

(1)

Sedative-Hypnotics

309

(7)

Prototype Drug Chart 20-1: Secobarbital Sodium

311

(1)

Barbiturates

311

(2)

Benzodiazepines

313

(1)

Nonbenzodiazepines

313

(1)

Piperidinediones

313

(1)

Chloral Hydrate

313

(1)

Sedatives and Hypnotics for Older Adults

313

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 20-2: Zolpidem Tartrate

315

(1)

Anesthetics

316

(5)

Pathophysiology

316

(1)

Balanced Anesthesia

316

(1)

Stages of General Anesthesia

316

(1)

Assessment Before Surgery

316

(1)

Inhalation Anesthetics

317

(1)

Intravenous Anesthetics

317

(1)

Topical Anesthetics

317

(1)

Local Anesthetics

317

(1)

Spinal Anesthesia

317

(4)

Drugs for Pain Management: Nonnarcotic and Narcotic Analgesics

321

(18)

Introduction

322

(1)

Pathophysiology

322

(1)

Nonnarcotic Analgesics

322

(5)

Salicylates and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

322

(2)

Acetaminophen

324

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 21-1: Acetaminophen

325

(2)

Narcotic Analgesics

327

(7)

Opioid Use in Children and Older Adults

328

(1)

Morphine

329

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 21-2: Morphine Sulfate

329

(2)

Meperidine

331

(1)

Hydromorphone

331

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 21-3: Hydromorphone

333

(1)

Combination Drugs

334

(1)

Transdermal Opioid Analgesics

334

(1)

Narcotic Agonist-Antagonists

334

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 21-4: Nalbuphine

335

(1)

Narcotic Antagonists

336

(1)

Treatment for Narcotic-Addicted Persons

337

(2)

Anticonvulsants

339

(11)

Introduction

340

(1)

International Classification of Seizures

340

(1)

Anticonvulsants

340

(8)

Pharmacophysiology: Action of Anticonvulsants

341

(1)

Hydantoins

341

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 22-1: Phenytoin

342

(1)

Barbiturates

343

(1)

Succinimides

343

(1)

Oxazolidones/Oxazolidinedione

343

(1)

Benzodiazepines

343

(1)

Iminostilbenes

343

(1)

Valproate

343

(1)

Anticonvulsants and Pregnancy

343

(1)

Anticonvulsants and Febrile Seizures

343

(5)

Anticonvulsants and Status Epilepticus

348

(1)

Summary

348

(2)

Drugs for Neurologic Disorders: Parkinsonism and Alzheimer's Disease

350

(13)

Introduction

351

(1)

Parkinsonism

351

(7)

Nonpharmacologic Measures

351

(1)

Pathophysiology

351

(1)

Anticholinergics

351

(3)

Dopaminergics

354

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 23-1: Carbidopa-Levodopa

355

(1)

Dopamine Agonists

356

(1)

MAO-B Inhibitor

356

(1)

COMT Inhibitors

356

(1)

Precautions for Drugs Used to Treat Parkinson's Disease

357

(1)

Alzheimer's Disease

358

(5)

Pathophysiology

358

(1)

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors/Cholinesterase Inhibitors

359

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 23-2: Tacrine

360

(3)

Drugs for Neuromuscular Disorders: Myasthenia Gravis, Multiple Sclerosis, and Muscle Spasms

363

(10)

Introduction

364

(1)

Myasthenia Gravis

364

(3)

Pathophysiology

364

(1)

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors/Cholinesterase Inhibitors

364

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 24-1: Pyridostigmine Bromide

365

(2)

Multiple Sclerosis

367

(1)

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

368

(5)

Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants

368

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 24-2: Carisoprodol

370

(3)

Seven: Psychiatric Agents

373

(30)

Antipsychotics and Anxiolytics

375

(15)

Introduction

376

(1)

Psychosis

376

(1)

Antipsychotic Agents

376

(9)

Pharmacophysiologic Mechanisms of Action

376

(1)

Adverse Reactions

376

(1)

Phenothiazines

377

(1)

Nonphenothiazines

378

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 25-1: Fluphenazine

379

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 25-2: Haloperidol and Haloperidol Decanoate

380

(1)

Antipsychotic Dosage for Older Adults

381

(1)

Atypical (Serotonin/Dopamine Antagonists) Antipsychotics

381

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 25-3: Risperidone

384

(1)

Anxiolytics

385

(5)

Nonpharmacologic Measures

386

(1)

Benzodiazepines

386

(1)

Miscellaneous Anxiolytics

386

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 25-4: Lorazepam

388

(2)

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizer

390

(13)

Introduction

391

(1)

Depression

391

(1)

Pathophysiology

391

(1)

Herbal Supplements for Depression

391

(1)

Antidepressant Agents

391

(8)

Tricyclic Antidepressants

391

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 26-1: Amitriptyline HCI

392

(1)

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

393

(1)

Atypical Antidepressants

393

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 26-2: Fluoxetine

394

(1)

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

394

(5)

Mood Stabilizer: Lithium for Bipolar Disorder

399

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 26-3: Lithium

399

(4)

Eight: Antiinflammatory and Antiinfective Agents

403

(88)

Antiinflammatory Drugs

405

(18)

Introduction

406

(1)

Pathophysiology

406

(1)

Antiinflammatory Agents

406

(1)

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

407

(8)

Salicylates

407

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-1: Aspirin

410

(1)

Para-Chlorobenzoic Acid

411

(1)

Phenylacetic Acid Derivatives

411

(1)

Propionic Acid Derivatives

411

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-2: Ibuprofen

412

(1)

Fenamates

412

(1)

Oxicams

413

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-3: Celecoxib

414

(1)

Selective COX-2 Inhibitors (Second-Generation NSAIDs)

414

(1)

Use of NSAIDs in Older Adults

414

(1)

Corticosteroids

415

(1)

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

415

(3)

Gold

415

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-4: Gold

416

(1)

Immunosuppressive Agents

417

(1)

Immunomodulators

417

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-5: Infliximab

418

(1)

Antimalarials

418

(1)

Antigout Drugs

418

(5)

Antiinflammatory Gout Drug: Colchicine

419

(1)

Uric Acid Inhibitor

419

(1)

Uricosurics

419

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 27-6: Allopurinol

420

(3)

Antibacterials: Penicillins and Cephalosporins

423

(16)

Introduction

424

(1)

Pathophysiology

424

(1)

Antibacterial Drugs

424

(3)

Antibacterials/Antibiotics

424

(3)

Penicillins and Cephalosporins

427

(12)

Penicillins

427

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 28-1: Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin

430

(2)

Cephalosporins

432

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 28-2: Cefazolin and Cefaclor

434

(5)

Antibacterials: Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, and Fluoroquinolones

439

(15)

Introduction

440

(1)

Macrolides, Lincosamides, Vancomycin, and Ketolides

440

(4)

Macrolides

440

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 29-1: Azithromycin

442

(1)

Lincosamides

443

(1)

Vancomycin

444

(1)

Ketolides

444

(1)

Tetracyclines

444

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 29-2: Doxycycline

445

(2)

Aminoglycosides

447

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 29-3: Gentamicin Sulfate

448

(2)

Fluoroquinolones (Quinolones)

450

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 29-4: Levofloxacin

450

(3)

Unclassified Antibacterial Drugs

453

(1)

Antibacterials: Sulfonamides

454

(6)

Introduction

455

(1)

Sulfonamides

455

(5)

Trimethoprim and Co-Trimoxazole

456

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 30-1: Co-Trimoxazolene/TMP-SMZ

457

(1)

Topical and Ophthalmic Sulfonamides

458

(2)

Antitubercular Drugs, Antifungal Drugs, Peptides, and Metronidazole

460

(12)

Introduction

461

(1)

Tuberculosis

461

(1)

Pathophysiology

461

(1)

Antitubercular Drugs

461

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 31-1: Isoniazid

462

(2)

Antifungal Drugs

464

(5)

Polyenes

467

(1)

Azole Group

467

(1)

Antimetabolite

467

(1)

Antiprotozoal

467

(1)

Echinocandins

467

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 31-2: Fluconazole

468

(1)

Peptides

469

(1)

Polymyxins

469

(1)

Bacitracin

470

(1)

Metronidazole

470

(2)

Antiviral, Antimalarial, and Anthelmintic Drugs

472

(11)

Viruses

473

(1)

Vaccines

473

(1)

Diagnostic Tests for Influenza

473

(1)

Antiviral Non-HIV Drugs

473

(4)

Nonclassified Antivirals

473

(1)

Topical Antivirals

473

(1)

Neuraminidase Inhibitors

473

(1)

Gamma Globulin (Immune Globulin)

474

(1)

Purine Nucleosides

474

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 32-1: Acyclovir Sodium

476

(1)

Antiviral HIV Drugs

477

(1)

Antimalarial Drugs

477

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 32-2: Chloroquine HCI

478

(2)

Anthelmintic Drugs

480

(3)

Drugs for Urinary Tract Disorders

483

(8)

Introduction

484

(1)

Urinary Antiseptics/Antiinfectives and Antibiotics

484

(4)

Nitrofurantoin

484

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 33-1: Nitrofurantoin

485

(1)

Methenamine

486

(1)

Trimethoprim and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

486

(1)

Fluoroquinolones (Quinolones)

486

(2)

Drug-Drug Interactions

488

(1)

Urinary Analgesics

488

(1)

Phenazopyridine

488

(1)

Urinary Stimulants

488

(1)

Urinary Antispasmodics/Antimuscarinics

489

(2)

Nine: Immunologic Agents

491

(36)

HIV and AIDS-Related Agents

493

(20)

Introduction

494

(1)

Pathology

494

(1)

Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

494

(2)

Antiretroviral Therapy

496

(12)

Antiretroviral Agents

497

(1)

Drug Class-Related Adverse Effects

497

(1)

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

497

(1)

Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

497

(1)

Protease Inhibitors

497

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 34-1: Zidovudine

498

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 34-2: Efavirenz

499

(1)

Antiretroviral Combinations

500

(1)

Summary of Antiretroviral Agents

500

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 34-3: Lopinavir/Ritonavir

501

(6)

Antiretroviral Therapy: The Nurse's Role

507

(1)

Other Drugs for HIV

508

(1)

Adherence to Drug Regimen

508

(1)

Opportunistic Infections and Kaposi's Sarcoma

509

(1)

Candidiasis

509

(1)

Cryptococcus

509

(1)

Cytomegalovirus

509

(1)

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

509

(1)

Histoplasmosis

509

(1)

Mycobacterium avium Complex

509

(1)

Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia

509

(1)

Salmonella

509

(1)

Toxoplasma gondii

509

(1)

Tuberculosis

509

(1)

Kaposi's Sarcoma

509

(1)

End-Stage Aids

509

(1)

Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnancy

510

(1)

Postexposure Prophlaxis for Health Care Workers

511

(1)

The Future of HIV/AIDS-Related Agents

511

(2)

Vaccines

513

(14)

Introduction

514

(1)

Active Immunity

514

(1)

Passive Immunity

514

(1)

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases

514

(4)

Childhood Immunizations

518

(1)

Adult Immunizations

518

(1)

Immunization Before Foreign Travel

518

(1)

Reporting of Diseases and Adverse Reactions

518

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 35-1: Varicella

522

(1)

Varicella Vaccine

522

(2)

Recent Developments and the Future of Vaccines

524

(3)

Ten: Cncer Agents

527

(46)

Anticancer Drugs

529

(24)

Introduction

530

(1)

Genetic, Infective, Environmental, and Dietary Influences

530

(1)

Cell-Cycle Nonspecific and Specific Drugs

531

(1)

Cancer Chemotherapy

532

(4)

Drug Resistance

532

(1)

Combination Chemotherapy

532

(1)

General Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

532

(1)

Anticancer Therapy in Outpatient Clinics and in the Home

532

(4)

Alkylating Drugs

536

(2)

Cyclophosphamide

536

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 36-1: Cyclophosphamide

538

(1)

Antimetabolites

538

(4)

Fluorouracil

541

(1)

Antitumor Antibiotics

542

(4)

Doxorubicin and Plicamycin

542

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 36-2: 5-Fluorouracil

543

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 36-3: Doxorubicin

544

(2)

Mitotic Inhibitors

546

(1)

Targeted Therapies (Topoisomerase Inhbitors, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Proteosome Inhibitors, Monoclonal Antibodies, Angiogenesis Inhibitors)

547

(2)

Liposomal Chemotherapy

549

(1)

Hormonal Agents

549

(2)

Corticosteroids

549

(1)

Sex Hormones

549

(1)

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogues

549

(1)

Antiandrogens

549

(1)

Aromatase Inhibitors

549

(2)

Miscellaneous Agents

551

(1)

Summary

551

(2)

Biologic Response Modifiers

553

(20)

Introduction

554

(1)

Interferons

555

(3)

Intereferon-α

555

(3)

Colony-Stimulating Factors

558

(5)

Erythropoietin

558

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 37-1: Epoeitin Alfa (Erythopoietin)

559

(1)

Granulocyte and Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) Colony-Stimulating Factor

560

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 37-2: Filgrastim

561

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 37-3: Sargramostim

562

(1)

Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

562

(1)

Neumega (Oprelvekin)

563

(1)

Interleukins

564

(1)

Monoclonal Antibody

564

(5)

Trastuzumab

565

(1)

Rituximab

566

(3)

Summary

569

(4)

Eleven: Respiratory Agents

573

(30)

Drugs for Common Upper Respiratory Disorders

575

(11)

Introduction

576

(1)

Common Cold, Acute Rhinitis, and Allergic Rhinitis

576

(7)

Antihistamines

576

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 38-1: Deiphenhydramine

577

(3)

Nasal and Systemic Decongestants

580

(1)

Intranasal Glucocorticoids

581

(1)

Antitussives

581

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 38-2: Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide

582

(1)

Expectorants

582

(1)

Sinusitis

583

(1)

Acute Pharyngitis

584

(2)

Drugs for Acute and Chronic Lower Respiratory Disorders

586

(17)

Introduction

587

(1)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

587

(1)

Bronchial Asthma

588

(1)

Sympathomimetics: Alpha- and Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

588

(3)

Albuterol

588

(1)

Metaproterenol

589

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 39-1: Metaproterenol

590

(1)

Isoproterenol

590

(1)

Use of an Aerosol Inhaler

590

(1)

Anticholinergics

591

(1)

Methylxanthine (Xanthine) Derivatives

592

(3)

Theophylline

593

(2)

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists and Synthesis Inhibitors

595

(1)

Glucocorticoids (Steroids)

596

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 39-2: Montelukast

598

(1)

Cromolyn and Nedocromil

598

(1)

Drug Therapy for Asthma According to Severity

599

(1)

Drug Therapy for Asthma According to Age

599

(1)

Young Children

599

(1)

Older Adults

599

(1)

Mucolytics

599

(1)

Antimicrobials

599

(4)

Twelve: Cardiovascular Agents

603

(80)

Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals, and Antidysrhythmics

606

(20)

Introduction

607

(1)

Cardiac Glycosides

607

(5)

Nonpharmacologic Measures to Treat Heart Failure

608

(1)

Digoxin

608

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 40-1: Digoxin (Lanoxin)

609

(2)

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

611

(1)

Other Agents Used to Treat Heart Failure

612

(1)

Antianginal Drugs

612

(6)

Types of Angina Pectoris

612

(1)

Nonpharmacologic Measures to Control Angina

612

(1)

Types of Antianginal Drugs

612

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 40-2: Nitroglycerin

614

(4)

Antidysrhythmic Drugs

618

(8)

Cardiac Dysrhythmias

618

(1)

Cardiac Action Potentials

618

(1)

Types of Antidysrhythmic Drugs

619

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 40-3: Acebutolol HCI

623

(3)

Diuretics

626

(14)

Introduction

627

(2)

Thiazides and Thiazide-Like Diuretics

629

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 41-1: Hydrochlorothiazide

630

(2)

Loop (High-Ceiling) Diuretics

632

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 41-2: Furosemide

633

(2)

Osmotic Diuretics

635

(1)

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

636

(1)

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

636

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 41-3: Triameterene

637

(3)

Antihypertensive Drugs

640

(19)

Hypertension

641

(1)

Selected Regulators of Blood Pressure

641

(1)

Physiologic Risk Factors

641

(1)

Cultural Responses to Antihypertensive Agents

641

(1)

Hypertension in Older Adults

642

(1)

Nonpharmacologic Control of Hypertension

642

(1)

New Guidelines for Hypertension

642

(1)

Pharmacologic Control of Hypertension

643

(9)

Diuretics

643

(1)

Sympatholytics (Sympathetic Depressants)

644

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 42-1: Metoprolol

645

(5)

Prototype Drug Chart 42-2: Prazosin (HCI)

650

(1)

Direct-Acting Arteriolar Vasodilators

651

(1)

Angiotensin Antagonists (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme [ACE] Inhibitors)

652

(1)

Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (Blockers)

653

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 42-3: Losartan Potassium

655

(1)

Calcium Channel Blockers

655

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 42-4: Amlodipine

657

(2)

Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, and Thrombolytics

659

(14)

Introduction

660

(1)

Pathophysiology: Thrombus Formation

660

(1)

Anticoagulants

660

(7)

Heparin

660

(1)

Oral Anticoagulants

661

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 43-1: Heparin and Warfarin Sodium

662

(5)

Antiplatelet Drugs

667

(1)

Thrombolytics

667

(6)

Prototype Drug Chart 43-2: Clopidogrel Bisulfate

668

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 43-3: Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)

669

(4)

Antilipidemics and Peripheral Vasodilators

673

(10)

Introduction

674

(1)

Antilipidemics

674

(5)

Nonpharmacologic Methods for Cholesterol Reduction

674

(1)

Types of Antilipidemics

675

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 44-1: Atorvastatin

676

(3)

Peripheral Vasodilators

679

(4)

Prototype Drug Chart 37-3: Isoxsuprine HCI

680

(1)

Isoxsuprine

680

(1)

Pentoxifylline

680

(3)

Thirteen: Gastrointestinal Agents

683

(38)

Drugs for Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

685

(21)

Introduction

686

(1)

Vomiting

686

(6)

Nonpharmocologic Measures

686

(1)

Nonprescription Antiemetics

686

(1)

Prescription Antiemetics

687

Prototype Drug Chart 45-1: Promethazine HCI

562

(130)

Emetics

692

(2)

Ipecac

692

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 45-2: Ipecac Syrup

693

(1)

Diarrhea

694

(3)

Nonpharmacologic Measures

694

(1)

Traveler's Diarrhea

694

(1)

Antidiarrheals

694

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 45-3: Diphenoxylate with Atropine

695

(2)

Constipation

697

(9)

Nonpharmacologic Measures

697

(1)

Laxatives

697

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 45-4: Bisacodyl

699

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 45-5: Psyllium

701

(5)

Antiulcer Drugs

706

(15)

Introduction

707

(1)

Predisposing Factors in Peptic Ulcer Disease

707

(1)

Helicobacter pylori

708

(1)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

708

(1)

Nonpharmocologic Measures for Managing Peptic Ulcer and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

708

(1)

Antiulcer Drugs

709

(8)

Tranquilizers

710

(1)

Anticholinergics

710

(1)

Antacids

710

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 46-1: Aluminum Hydroxide

711

(2)

Histamine2 Blockers

713

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 46-2: Ranitidine

714

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 46-3: Lansoprazole

716

(1)

Proton Pump Inhibitors (Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitors, Gastric Acid Pump Inhibitors)

717

(1)

Pepsin Inhibitor (Mucosal Protective Drug)

718

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 46-4: Sucralfate

718

(1)

Prostaglandin Analogue Antiulcer Drug

719

(2)

Fourteen: Eye, Ear, and Skin Agents

721

(32)

Drugs for Disorders of the Eye and the Ear

724

(16)

Introduction

725

(1)

Drugs for Disorders of the Eye

725

(10)

Diagnostic Aids

725

(1)

Topical Anesthetics

725

(1)

Antiinfectives and Antiinflammatories

725

(1)

Lubricants

725

(2)

Antiglaucoma Agents

727

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 47-1: Pilocarpine

729

(4)

Anticholinergic Mydriatics and Cycloplegics

733

(2)

Administration of Eyedrops and Ointments

735

(1)

Clients with Eye Disorders: General Suggestions for Client Teaching

735

(1)

Drugs for Disorders of the Ear

735

(5)

Antibacterials

735

(3)

Antihistamine-Decongestants

738

(1)

Combination Products

738

(1)

Ceruminolytics

738

(1)

Administration of Ear Medications

738

(1)

Clients with Ear Disorders: General Suggestions for Client Teaching

738

(2)

Drugs for Dermatologic Disorders

740

(13)

Introduction

741

(1)

Acne Vulgaris and Psoriasis

741

(5)

Acne Vulgaris

741

(2)

Psoriasis

743

(1)

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions: Acne Vulgaris and Psoriasis

744

(2)

Verruca Vulgaris (Warts)

746

(1)

Drug-Induced Dermatitis

746

(1)

Contact Dermatitis

746

(1)

Hair Loss and Baldness

747

(1)

Sunscreens

747

(1)

Burns and Burn Preparations

748

(5)

Mafenide Acetate

748

(1)

Silver Sulfadiazine

748

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 48-1: Mafenide Acetate

749

(4)

Fifteen: Endocrine Agents

753

(38)

Endocrine Pharmacology: Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroids, and Adrenals

757

(18)

Introduction

758

(1)

Pituitary Gland

758

(4)

758

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 49-1: Corticotropin, Corticotropin Repository, Corticotropin-Zinc Hydroxide

760

(1)

Posterior

761

(1)

Thyroid Gland

762

(4)

Hypothyroidism

762

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 49-2: Levothyroxine Sodium

763

(1)

Hyperthyroidism

763

(3)

Parathyroid Glands

766

(1)

Calcitriol

766

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 49-3: Calcitrol

766

(1)

Adrenal Glands

767

(8)

Glucocorticoids

768

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 49-4: Prednisone

769

(1)

Glucocorticoid Inhibitors

770

(1)

Mineralocorticoids

770

(5)

Antidiabetic Drugs

775

(16)

Introduction

776

(1)

Diabetes Mellitus

776

(15)

Insulin

776

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 50-1: Insulins

779

(4)

Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs)

783

(3)

Prototype Drug Chart 50-2: Glipizide

786

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 50-3: Metformin

788

(1)

Hyperglycemic Drugs

789

(1)

Other Agents

789

(2)

Sixteen: Reproductive and Gender-Related Agents

791

(114)

Drugs Associated with the Female Reproductive Cycle I: Pregnancy and Preterm Labor

795

(21)

Introduction

796

(1)

Physiology of Pregnancy

796

(2)

Therapeutic Drug and Herbal Use in Pregnancy

798

(7)

Iron

798

(1)

Folic Acid

799

(1)

Multiple Vitamins

799

(1)

Drugs for Minor Discomforts of Pregnancy

800

(5)

Drugs That Decrease Uterine Muscle Contractility

805

(3)

Preterm Labor

805

(1)

Tocolytic Therapy

806

(2)

Corticosteroid Therapy in Preterm Labor

808

(1)

Betamethasone (Celestone)

808

(1)

Dexamethasone

809

(1)

Drugs for Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

809

(7)

Drugs Associated with the Female Reproductive Cycle II: Labor, Delivery, and the Preterm Neonate

816

(23)

Drugs for Pain Control During Labor

817

(13)

Analgesia/Sedation

818

(4)

Anesthesia

822

(8)

Drugs That Enhance Uterine Muscle Contractility

830

(5)

Oxytocin

831

(1)

Ergot Alkaloids

832

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 52-1: Oxytocin

833

(2)

Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Birth

835

(4)

Synthetic Surfactant

835

(4)

Drugs Associated with the Postpartum and the Newborn

839

(20)

Introduction

840

(1)

Drugs Used During the Postpartum Period

840

(9)

Pain Relief for Uterine Contractions

841

(1)

Pain Relief for Perineal Wounds and Hemorrhoids

841

(4)

Lactation Suppression

845

(1)

Promotion of Bowel Function

846

(3)

Immunizations

849

(4)

Rh0 (D) Immune Globulin

849

(2)

Rubella Vaccine

851

(2)

Drugs Administered to the Newborn Immediately After Delivery

853

(6)

Immunization During the Newborn Period Before Discharge

854

(5)

Drugs Related to Women's Health and Disorders

859

(21)

Introduction

860

(1)

Oral Contraceptive Products

860

(6)

Estrogen-Progestin Combination Products

860

(1)

Progestin-Only Products

861

(1)

Dosage Schedules

862

(4)

Alternative Methods of Contraception

866

(1)

Norplant

866

(1)

Implanon

866

(1)

Depo-Provera

866

(1)

Lunelle

866

(1)

NuvaRing

866

(1)

Today Sponge

867

(1)

Intrauterine Devices

867

(1)

The Patch

867

(1)

Medical Abortion

867

(1)

Emergency Contraception

867

(1)

Drugs Used to Treat Hormone Dysfunction

868

(9)

Premenstrual Syndrome

868

(3)

Endometriosis

871

(2)

Menopause

873

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 54-1: Conjugated Estrogens

875

(2)

Osteoporosis

877

(3)

Nursing Interventions

877

(1)

Medications

877

(3)

Drugs Related to Reproductive Health: Male Reproductive Disorders

880

(12)

Introduction

881

(1)

Substances Related to Male Reproductive Disorders

881

(11)

Androgens

881

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 55-1: Testosterone

882

(4)

Anabolic Steroids

886

(1)

Antiandrogens

886

(1)

Drugs Used in Other Male Reproductive Disorders

887

(5)

Drugs Related to Reproductive Health: Infertility and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

892

(13)

Introduction

893

(1)

Drugs Related to Infertility Treatment

893

(4)

Assessing Infertility

893

(1)

Induction of Ovulation

893

(2)

Prototype Drug Chart 56-1: Clomiphene Citrate

895

(1)

Other Drug Treatments

895

(1)

Drug Therapy for Male Infertility

896

(1)

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

897

(6)

Transmission and Risk

897

(5)

HIV Disease

902

(1)

Summary

903

(2)

Seventeen: Emergency Agents

905

(19)

Adult and Pediatric Emergency Drugs

906

(18)

Introduction

907

(1)

Oxygen as an Emergency Drug

907

(1)

Emergency Drugs for Cardiac Disorders

907

(5)

Nitroglycerin

908

(1)

Morphine Sulfate

908

(1)

Atropine Sulfate

908

(1)

Isoproterenol

909

(1)

Adenosine

909

(1)

Verapamil

909

(1)

Diltiazem

909

(1)

Lidocaine

910

(1)

Amiodarone

910

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 57-1: Lidocaine HCI

911

(1)

Procainamide

911

(1)

Magnesium Sulfate

911

(1)

Epinephrine

912

(1)

Vasopressin

912

(1)

Sodium Bicarbonate

912

(1)

Emergency Drugs for Neurosurgical Disorders

912

(2)

Mannitol

913

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 57-2: Mannitol

914

(1)

Methylprednisolone

914

(1)

Emergency Drugs for Poisoning

914

(2)

Naloxone

915

(1)

Flumazenil

915

(1)

Activated Charcoal

915

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 57-3: Naloxone HCI

916

(1)

Emergency Drugs for Shock

916

(3)

Dopamine

916

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 57-4: Dopamine HCI

917

(1)

Dobutamine

918

(1)

Norepinephrine

918

(1)

Epinephrine

918

(1)

Albuterol

919

(1)

Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride

919

(1)

Dextrose 50%

919

(1)

Glucagon

919

(1)

Emergency Drugs for Hypertensive Crises and Pulmonary Edema

919

(5)

Labetalol

919

(1)

Sodium Nitroprusside

920

(1)

Furosemide

920

(1)

Prototype Drug Chart 57-5: Sodium Nitroprusside

921

(1)

Morphine Sulfate

921

(3)

Appendix A: Generic Drugs with Corresponding Canadian Trade Drug Names

924

(3)

Appendix B: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)

927

(5)

Appendix C: Selected Drug-Drug Interactions

932

(2)

Appendix D: Selected Herb-Drug Interactions

934

(2)

Appendix E: Selected Sugar-Free Products

936

(1)

Appendix F: Selected Alcohol-Free Products

937

(1)

Appendix G: Potential Weapons of Bioterrorism

938

(2)

Appendix H: Abbreviations

940

(2)

Appendix I: Examples of Internet Sites

942

(1)

Appendix J: Top Prescribed Drugs in 2004

943

(6)

References

949

(10)

Index

959

Linda E. McCuistion is a Professor in the Division of Nursing at Our Lady of Holy Cross College in New Orleans, Louisiana. Evelyn R. Hayes is Professor in the School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, at the University of Delaware. Joyce LeFever Kee was a distinguished faculty educator at the University of Maryland for 4 years and at the University of Delaware for 27 years.

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Pharmacology; A Nursing Process Approach

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