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Politics and Policy in States and Communities

ISBN: 9780321129079 | 0321129075
Edition: 8th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Longman
Pub. Date: 1/1/2004

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SummaryTable of Contents
This up-to-date, highly-readable text focuses on twin perspectives: the political economy of state and local politics and the impact of political reformism on states and communities. This book studies reformism and its consequences as they relate to the legal, cultural, and financial framework of state and community politics, as well as their effect on citizen influence, community politics, and the institutions of state government.
Prefacexi
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO STATE AND COMMUNITY POLITICS1(16)
Rejuvenation of State and Local Government
4(1)
What Matters in... MORE
5(7)
The Plan of This Book
12(1)
Summary
13(1)
Study Questions
13(1)
Key Terms
14(1)
The Internet Connection
14(1)
References
14(3)
Chapter 2 THE CONSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS17(18)
Introduction
17(1)
State Constitutions
18(1)
Criticisms of State Constitutions
18(5)
The Model State Constitution
23(2)
The Politics of Constitutional Reform
25(3)
Constitutional Reform and Social Change
28(3)
Local "Constitutions"
31(1)
Summary
31(1)
Study Questions
32(1)
Key Terms
32(1)
The Internet Connection
33(1)
References
33(2)
Chapter 3 THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL FRAMEWORK FOR STATE AND COMMUNITY POLITICS35(29)
Introduction
35(2)
The Evolution of Federalism
37(12)
Other Intergovernmental Politics
49(4)
East-West Conflict
53(3)
Intergovernmental Impact on State and Local Political Economies
56(2)
Summary
58(1)
Study Questions
59(1)
Key Terms
59(2)
The Internet Connection
61(1)
References
61(3)
Chapter 4 CHANNELS OF CITIZEN INFLUENCE: PARTICIPATION, PUBLIC OPINION, AND INTEREST GROUPS64(31)
Introduction
64(1)
Political Participation
65(10)
Public Opinion
75(3)
Interest Groups
78(9)
Conclusion: A Comparison of Public Opinion and Interest Groups
87(1)
Summary
88(1)
Study Questions
89(1)
Key Terms
89(1)
The Internet Connection
90(1)
References
90(5)
Chapter 5 CHANNELS OF CITIZEN INFLUENCE: THE BALLOT BOX, PARTIES, AND DIRECT ACTION95(32)
Introduction
95(1)
The Ballot Box
96(6)
Political Parties
102(10)
Direct Democracy
112(2)
Direct Action
114(4)
Social Change and the Ballot Box
118(2)
Conclusion
120(1)
Summary
120(1)
Study Questions
121(1)
Key Terms
121(1)
The Internet Connection
122(1)
References
122(5)
Chapter 6 THE INSTITUTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT127(30)
Introduction
127(1)
Different Types of Local Government
128(5)
The Organization of Counties and Cities
133(6)
The Evolution of Reform-Style City Policies
139(2)
The Progressive Reform Movement
141(4)
The Metropolitan Challenge
145(4)
Social Change and Local Government
149(2)
Conclusion
151(1)
Summary
151(1)
Study Questions
151(1)
Key Terms
152(1)
The Internet Connection
153(1)
References
153(4)
Chapter 7 THE DYNAMICS OF COMMUNITY POLITICS157(31)
Introduction
157(1)
Theories of Community Power
158(5)
Who Governs in the Age of Urban Restructuring?
163(6)
The Quest for Local Leadership
169(5)
Mayors and the Challenge of Social Conflict
174(5)
Mayoral Leadership and the Urban Political Economy
179(2)
Summary
181(1)
Study Questions
182(1)
Key Terms
182(1)
The Internet Connection
182(1)
References
183(5)
Chapter 8 STATE LEGISLATURES AND PUBLIC POLICY188(27)
Introduction
188(1)
Legislative Functions
189(7)
Legislative Structure: How Organization Affects Policymaking
196(1)
Parties and Policymaking: The Responsible-Party Model
196(3)
Legislative Process: How Legislators Make Policy
199(3)
Legislative Reform: Improving Legislative Performance
202(6)
Rolling Back Reform: Deinstitutionalization?
208(1)
Summary
208(1)
Study Questions
208(1)
Key Terms
209(1)
The Internet Connection
210(1)
References
210(5)
Chapter 9 GOVERNORS AND THE CHALLENGE OF EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP215(27)
Introduction
215(1)
The Demand for Strong Executives
216(2)
Executive Leadership at the State Level: Making Governors Stronger
218(7)
Exercising Leadership: Governors' Styles
225(2)
Governors' Careers
227(3)
Other State Executives
230(3)
Governors and Public Conflict
233(2)
Summary
235(1)
Study Questions
236(1)
Key Terms
236(1)
The Internet Connection
237(1)
References
237(5)
Chapter 10 ADMINISTRATORS AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY242(25)
Introduction
242(2)
Tension Between Administrators and Elected Officials
244(1)
Managing Personnel for Better Policy Implementation
244(4)
Social Conflict in the Public Workforce
248(4)
Reconciling Work and Family Concerns
252(1)
Reorganizing and Reengineering Bureaucracy to Improve Performance
253(3)
Budgeting as a Device for Improving Executive Management
256(2)
Political Economy and Reengineering for Greater Productivity
258(3)
Summary
261(1)
Study Questions
261(1)
Key Terms
261(1)
The Internet Connection
262(1)
References
262(5)
Chapter 11 COURTS, CRIME, AND CORRECTIONS IN AMERICAN STATES267(33)
Introduction
267(1)
Public Policy and the Courts
268(2)
Court Organization and Procedure
270(2)
Politics in American Courts
272(4)
Courts and Social Conflict: Coping with Crime
276(7)
Political Values and Conflicts Over Criminal Justice Policy
283(9)
Courts and Corrections in the Aftermath of September 11
292(1)
Summary
293(1)
Study Questions
293(1)
Key Terms
293(1)
The Internet Connection
294(1)
References
294(6)
Chapter 12 FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT300(29)
Introduction
300(3)
How State and Local Governments Spend Your Money
303(3)
Where State and Local Revenue Comes From
306(11)
Conflicts and Issues in State and Local Finance
317(5)
State-Community Finance and the Political Economy
322(2)
Summary
324(1)
Study Questions
325(1)
Key Terms
325(1)
The Internet Connection
326(1)
References
326(3)
Chapter 13 POVERTY AND SOCIAL WELFARE POLICIES329(36)
Introduction
330(2)
Poverty as a Social Problem
332(5)
Political Values and Poverty
337(2)
State, Local, and Federal Roles in Social Welfare Policy
339(3)
The Major Social Welfare Programs
342(6)
Health-Care Policies: The Intergovernmental System in Practice
348(3)
Reforming Social Welfare
351(4)
Welfare Reform, Social Conflict, and the Political Economy
355(3)
Summary
358(1)
Study Questions
358(1)
Key Terms
358(2)
The Internet Connection
360(1)
References
360(5)
Chapter 14 EDUCATION365(31)
Introduction
366(1)
State, Local, and Federal Roles in Education
367(4)
Political Values and Public Education
371(2)
Education and Social Conflict
373(10)
Reforming Public Education
383(6)
Summary
389(1)
Study Questions
390(1)
Key Terms
390(1)
The Internet Connection
391(1)
References
391(5)
Chapter 15 INFRASTRUCTURE POLICIES: TRANSPORTATION, HOUSING, AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT396(33)
Introduction
396(1)
Transportation
397(1)
The Rise to Dominance of the Highway System
398(10)
Housing and Community Development
408(11)
Political Values and the Social Consequences of Infrastructure Policy
419(2)
Summary
421(1)
Study Questions
422(1)
Key Terms
422(1)
The Internet Connection
423(1)
References
424(5)
Chapter 16 REGULATING THE ENVIRONMENT429(26)
Introduction
429(2)
Environmental Regulation
431(12)
Does the Pollution Control System Work?
443(1)
Social Conflict and the Environment: Environmental Justice
444(6)
Summary
450(1)
Study Questions
451(1)
Key Terms
451(1)
The Internet Connection
452(1)
References
452(3)
Chapter 17 STATE AND COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICIES455(24)
Introduction
455(1)
The Changing Climate for State and Community Economies
456(3)
Strategies for Economic Development
459(9)
Political Combat Strategies
468(2)
Issues in the Search for Economic Development
470(2)
Social Conflict and the Competition for Economic Development
472(1)
Summary
473(1)
Study Questions
474(1)
Key Terms
474(1)
The Internet Connection
475(1)
References
475(4)
Appendix Career Prospects in State and Local Government479(8)
Name Index487(12)
Subject Index499

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