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CLA Review Manual : A Practical Guide to CLA Exam Preparation

ISBN: 9780314206213 | 0314206213
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Pub. Date: 10/22/1997

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SummaryTable of Contents
This manual is a comprehensive study tool for the Certified Legal Assistant (CLA) Examination administered by the National Association of Legal Assistants, Inc. The manual thoroughly covers each section of the exam with extensive outlines, examples, facts, and charts for review. Sample tests are included at the end of each chapter. Tips for studying and successful completion of the exam are also provided. The new edition has been completely updated to reflect the latest changes in the law and the CLA Examination.
Prefacexvii(2)
Acknowledgmentsxix(1)
About the Authorxx
INTRODUCTION
1(28)
... MORECLA(R) Certification
1(2)
The Certified Legal Assistant Examination: Summary Outline
3(3)
Legal Terminology
3(1)
Communications
3(1)
Ethics
3(1)
Judgment and Analytical Ability
4(1)
Legal Research
4(1)
Human Relations and Interviewing Skills
5(1)
Substantive Law
5(1)
Grading and Retake Policy
6(1)
Eligibility Requirements
7(3)
Category 1
7(1)
Category 2
7(1)
Category 3
7(1)
Maintaining the CLA(R) Designation
8(1)
Preparation for the Examination
8(10)
Individual Study
9(2)
What to Study
9(1)
Self-Assessment
9(2)
When to Study
11(1)
How to Study
12(6)
The Study Environment
12(1)
Study Aids
13(1)
Effective Study Methods
14(4)
Group Study
18(2)
How to Organize a Study Group
18(2)
Taking the Examination
20(9)
Prepare Yourself
20(7)
Test Questions in General
21(2)
True-False Questions
23(1)
Multiple Choice Questions
23(1)
Matching Questions
24(1)
Essay Questions
24(3)
After the Examination
27(2)
1 LEGAL TERMINOLOGY29(36)
Preparation
29(1)
Latin Terms
30(12)
Legal Terms
42(17)
Legal Terminology Self-Test
59(6)
2 COMMUNICATIONS65(88)
Word Usage
66(12)
Slang
66(1)
Colloquialism
67(2)
Words Confused and Misused
69(9)
Punctuation
78(18)
The Apostrophe
78(2)
The Hyphen
80(2)
The Dash
82(1)
The Comma
83(5)
The Semicolon
88(1)
The Colon
89(1)
The Period
90(2)
The Question Mark
92(1)
The Exclamation Point
93(1)
The Quotation Mark
93(2)
The Ellipsis
95(1)
Parentheses
95(1)
The Bracket
96(1)
Capitalization
96(7)
The First Word
97(1)
Personal Names
97(2)
Geographic (Place) Names
99(1)
Government
100(2)
Other Names
102(1)
Grammar
103(25)
Parts of Speech Defined
104(2)
A General Approach
106(3)
The Verb
109(5)
The Pronoun
114(7)
The Gerund
121(1)
The Infinitive
122(1)
Modifiers
122(3)
Conjunctions
125(3)
Rules of Composition
128(10)
A General Approach
129(1)
The Paragraph
130(1)
Forceful Writing
130(6)
Concise Writing
136(1)
Redundant Words
137(1)
Vocabulary
138(3)
Correspondence
141(3)
Business Letter Styles
141(1)
Business Letter Punctuation
142(1)
Parts of a Business Letter
142(2)
Nonverbal Communication
144(2)
Communications Self-Test
146(7)
3 ETHICS153(46)
Ethics Defined
153(5)
Competence
154(1)
Unauthorized Practice of Law
154(4)
Sources of Ethics Rules
158(1)
Summary of Model Rules of Professional Conduct
159(14)
Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility
173(2)
Model Standards and Guidelines for Utilization of Legal Assistants
175(3)
Application of Ethics Rules
178(10)
Ethics Self-Test
188(11)
4 JUDGEMENT AND ANALYTICAL ABILITY199(36)
Defined
200(1)
Judgement Defined
200(1)
Analytical Ability Defined
200(1)
Effect of Ethics Rules
201(1)
Practical Judgement and Analysis by Legal Assistants
201(9)
Comprehension of Data
203(2)
Analysis of Facts
205(2)
Segregation of Relevant Data
207(3)
Summarize Relevant Data
210(1)
Interpretation of Procedural Matters
210(5)
Establish Priorities
212(2)
Reaction of Specific Situations
214(1)
Approach to Essay Questions
215(1)
Judgement and Analytical Ability Self-Test
216(19)
5 LEGAL RESEARCH235(54)
The Objective of Legal Research
235(1)
Sources of Primary Law
236(4)
Types of Legal Systems
236(1)
Types of Law (Substantive)
237(2)
Types of Law (Procedural)
239(1)
How Primary Law is Recorded
240(8)
Constitutions
240(1)
Statutes
241(1)
Administrative Rules and Regulations
242(1)
Case Law
242(3)
Federal Case Reporters
245(2)
State Case Reporters
247(1)
Sources of Secondary Law
248(3)
Law from other Jurisdictions
248(1)
Legal Encyclopedias
249(1)
American Law Reports
249(1)
Restatements of Law
250(1)
Dictionaries
250(1)
Treatises
251(1)
Periodicals
251(1)
The Technical Skills of Legal Research
251(7)
Finding the Law
251(3)
Shephard's Citations
254(1)
Loose-leaf Services
255(1)
Computerized Search Tools
255(2)
Updating the Law
257(1)
Citing the Law
258(9)
U.S. Constitution
259(1)
Statutes
259(1)
Procedural Rules
260(1)
Cases
260(3)
Administrative Law
263(1)
Secondary Authorities
264(1)
Citation Signals
265(1)
Sequence of Citations within Each Signal
266(1)
The Substantive Skills of Legal Research
267(14)
Background Information
267(1)
Identify Relevant Facts
267(1)
Frame the Legal Issues
268(1)
Find and Update the Law
268(1)
Brief the Law
269(8)
Acknowledge Ambiguity
277(1)
Memoranda to Attorneys
278(3)
Legal Research Self-Test
281(8)
6 HUMAN RELATIONS AND INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES289(50)
Human Relations
290(4)
Contacts Outside the Office
291(1)
Office Politics
292(1)
Personal Recognition
292(2)
Interviewing
294(35)
Types of Interviews
294(4)
Client Interviews
294(1)
Witness Interviews
295(1)
Personal Interviews
296(1)
Telephone Interviews
297(1)
The Interviewer's Role
298(3)
Attitude
298(1)
Concern
298(1)
Courtesy
299(1)
Avoid Legal Jargon
300(1)
Personal Opinions
300(1)
False Expectations
300(1)
Keep the Client Involved
300(1)
Ethical Limitations
301(1)
The Interview Environment
301(3)
Office Interviews
301(2)
Field Interviews
303(1)
Preparing for the Interview
304(3)
Review Relevant Data
304(1)
Checklists
304(1)
Forms
305(1)
Note Pad
305(1)
Recording Devices
306(1)
Photocopy Equipment
307(1)
Preparation for Field Interviews
307(1)
Conducting the Interview
307(17)
Introductions
308(1)
Getting Started
309(1)
Explain the Process
310(1)
Framing the Questions
310(5)
Use Checklists to Stay on Track
315(1)
Corroboration of Facts
316(2)
Listen
318(2)
Contradictory Statements
320(1)
Verify Accuracy
321(2)
Complete all Required Forms
323(1)
Conclude the Interview
324(1)
Document the Interview
324(3)
Notes and Memorandum
324(2)
Recorded Interviews
326(1)
Witness Statements
326(1)
Special Interview Challenges
327(2)
Foreign-Born Persons
327(1)
Disabled Persons
328(1)
Young Children
328(1)
Elderly Persons
328(1)
Human Relations & Interviewing Self-Test
329(10)
7 GENERAL LAW339(52)
Law Defined
340(1)
Historical Background
340(4)
The English Influence
341(1)
The American System
342(1)
Philosophies of American Law
343(1)
Classifications of Law
344(4)
Substantive or Procedural Law
345(1)
Criminal Law
346(1)
Civil Law
347(1)
Institutional Sources of Law
348(4)
Constitution
348(1)
Statutes
349(2)
Common Law
351(1)
Constitutional Law
352(4)
Limitation of State Powers
352(1)
Enumerated Federal Powers
353(2)
Guarantee of Individual Rights
355(1)
Due Process
356(3)
Substantive Due Process
356(2)
Procedural Due Process
358(1)
The Judicial System
359(25)
Subject Matter Jurisdiction
359(2)
Personal Jurisdiction
361(2)
In Rem Jurisdiction
361(1)
Quasi In Rem Jurisdiction
362(1)
Venue
362(1)
Federal Courts
363(4)
United States Supreme Court
363(1)
United States Court of Appeals
364(1)
United States District Court
365(1)
Federal Specialty Courts
366(1)
State Court Systems
367(1)
Judicial Decision Making
367(5)
Constitutions and Statutes
368(1)
Common Law
368(2)
Conflicts of Law
370(1)
Full Faith and Credit
371(1)
Comity
372(1)
Limitations in Judicial Decision Making
372(3)
Case or Controversy
372(1)
Bar
373(1)
Immunity
374(1)
Judicial Remedies
375(9)
Law and Equity
375(1)
Remedies of Law
376(2)
Equitable Remedies
378(4)
Alternative Dispute Resolution
382(2)
General Law Self-Test
384(7)
8 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW391(48)
Background
392(1)
Organization and Classification
392(3)
Independent or Executive
393(1)
Regulatory or Nonregulatory
394(1)
Source of Agency Powers
395(1)
Overview of Agency Powers
396(2)
Investigation Powers
397(1)
Rulemaking Powers
397(1)
Adjudication Powers
398(1)
Political Oversight of Agency Actions
398(2)
Executive Oversight
399(1)
Legislative Oversight
399(1)
Judicial Oversight
400(1)
Investigation
400(8)
The Subpoena and Other Compulsory Devices
401(1)
Premises Inspections
402(1)
Required Reports
403(1)
Dissemination of Information
404(4)
Formulation of Administrative Law
408(23)
Terminology
408(1)
The Administrative Process
409(5)
Analysis of the Internal Process
409(1)
Due Process Requirements
410(1)
Statutory Requirements
411(1)
Integrity of the Process
412(2)
Rulemaking
414(5)
Types of Rules
414(1)
Rulemaking Procedures
415(1)
Informal Rulemaking
416(1)
Formal Rulemaking
417(1)
Hybrid Rulemaking
418(1)
Rule Content
418(1)
Amendment, Repeal, and Waiver
419(1)
Adjudication
419(5)
Commencement of the Case
419(1)
Presiding Officer
420(1)
Prehearing Practice
420(1)
Hearing Procedures
421(1)
Rules of Evidence
421(1)
Standard of Proof
422(1)
The Order
423(1)
Sanctions
423(1)
Intra-agency Appeal
424(1)
Judicial Review
424(5)
Statutory Review
425(1)
Nonstatutory Review
425(1)
Unreviewable Agency Decisions
425(1)
Standing
426(1)
Exhaustion of Remedies
426(1)
Scope of Judicial Review
427(2)
Enabling Act Addendum
429(2)
Administrative Law Self-Test
431(8)
9 BANKRUPTCY LAW439(66)
Background and Goals of Bankruptcy Law
439(1)
Organization of Bankruptcy Code
440(2)
Participants and Terminology
442(2)
Bankruptcy Jurisdiction
444(3)
Personal Jurisdiction
445(1)
Subject Matter Jurisdiction
445(1)
Abstention
446(1)
Venue
446(1)
Appeal
447(1)
Officers of the Estate
447(6)
United States Trustee
447(1)
Trustee
448(4)
Examiner
452(1)
Commencement of the Case
453(4)
Eligibility
453(2)
Voluntary Petition
455(1)
Involuntary Petition
456(1)
The Bankruptcy Estate
457(6)
Exemptions
458(2)
Lines on Exempt Property
460(2)
Redemption
462(1)
Discrimination Prohibited
462(1)
Creditor's Right of Setoff
463(1)
Trustee's Avoiding Powers
463(6)
Statutory Liens
463(1)
Fraudulent Transfers
464(1)
As a Successor Creditor
465(1)
As a Hypothetical Creditor
465(1)
Preferences
466(2)
Post-Petition Transactions
468(1)
Limitations on Trustee's Avoiding Powers
468(1)
Administration
469(8)
Automatic Stay
469(2)
Relief from the Automatic Stay
471(1)
Adequate Protection
472(1)
Use, Sale, or Lease of Property
473(1)
Executory Contracts and Unexpire Leases
473(3)
Utility Service
476(1)
Obtaining Credit
476(1)
Debtor's Duties
477(1)
Section 341 Meeting of Creditors
477(1)
Conversion
478(3)
Chapter 7 Conversion
479(1)
Chapter 11 Conversion
479(1)
Chapter 13 Conversion
480(1)
Chapter 12 Conversion
481(1)
Dismissal
481(1)
Chapter 7 Dismissal
481(1)
Chapter 11 Dismissal
481(1)
Chapter 12 Dismissal
482(1)
Chapter 13 Dismissal
482(1)
Claims of Creditors
482(3)
Filling Proofs of Claims
482(1)
Allowance of Claims
483(1)
Administrative Expenses
483(1)
Priority Claims
483(1)
Payment of Claims
484(1)
Discharge
485(4)
Denial of Discharge
485(1)
Objection to Discharge
486(1)
Revocation of Discharge
487(1)
Nondischargeable Debts
487(1)
Nondischargeability of a Particular Debt
488(1)
Reaffirmation Agreements
488(1)
Chapter 7 Liquidation
489(1)
Chapter 11 Reorganization
490(4)
Chapter 13 Individual Reorganization
494(2)
Chapter 12 Family Farmer Reorganization
496(2)
Bankruptcy Law Self-Test
498(7)
10 BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS505(62)
Sole Proprietorship
506(1)
Advantages
506(1)
Disadvantages
506(1)
General Partnership
507(5)
Formation and Existence
508(1)
Financial Structure
509(1)
Management
510(1)
Liability of Partners
511(1)
Dissolution and Termination
511(1)
Limited Partnership
512(3)
Formation and Existence
512(1)
Financial Structure
513(1)
Management
514(1)
Liability
515(1)
Dissolution and Termination
515(1)
Joint Venture
515(1)
Joint Stock Company
516(1)
Corporation
516(5)
The Decision to Incorporate
518(1)
Preincorporation
518(1)
Incorporation
519(2)
Recognition or Disregard to Corporate Entity
521(2)
Defective Incorporation
521(1)
Piercing the Corporate Veil
522(1)
Corporate Financial Structure
523(6)
Equity Securities
523(4)
Debt Securities
527(2)
Dividends and Redemption
529(4)
Dividends
529(2)
Funds Available to Pay Dividends
531(1)
Repurchase and Redemption
532(1)
Corporate Taxation
533(2)
Chapter S Election
534(1)
Section 1244 Stock
534(1)
Other Tax Advantages
535(1)
Corporate Management
535(15)
Shareholders
536(5)
Directors
541(2)
Officers
543(1)
Duties of Management
544(3)
Extraordinary Matters
547(3)
Special Problems of Closely Held Corporations
550(1)
Special Problems of Publicly Held Corporation
551(2)
Securities Regulation
551(1)
Antitrust Regulation
552(1)
Other Government Regulation
552(1)
Corporate Litigation
553(3)
Shareholder Derivative Actions
554(1)
Indemnification for Litigation Expenses
555(1)
Corporate Dissolution
556(1)
Voluntary Dissolution
556(1)
Involuntary Dissolution
556(1)
Business Organizations Self-Test
557(10)
11 CONTRACT LAW567(60)
Classification of Contracts
567(2)
Unilateral or Bilateral
567(1)
Express, Implied, or Quasi-Contract
568(1)
Void, Voidable, or Unenforceable
569(1)
Executory or Executed
569(1)
Formation of a Valid, Enforceable Contract
569(49)
Mutual Assent
570(9)
The Offer
570(2)
Termination of Offer
572(3)
The Acceptance
575(4)
Consideration
579(7)
Bargained-for Exchange
580(1)
Legal Value
581(2)
Mutuality of Consideration
583(2)
Substitutes for Consideration
585(1)
Contract Defenses
586(8)
Lack of Capacity
587(1)
Lack of Consent
588(1)
Mistake
589(3)
Illegality
592(1)
Unconscionability
592(1)
Statute of Frauds
593(1)
Rights and Duties of Nonparties
594(5)
Third-Party Beneficiary Contracts
595(1)
Assignment of Rights
596(1)
Assignment Requirements
597(1)
Delegation of Duties
598(1)
Construction and Interpretation of Contracts
599(1)
Parol Evidence
599(2)
Attack on Validity
600(1)
To Clarify Ambiguity
600(1)
To Refute Consideration
601(1)
Subsequent Modification
601(1)
U.C.C. Rule
601(1)
Enforcement of Contracts
601(5)
Promise v. Condition
601(1)
Both Condition and Promise
602(1)
Excuse of Condition
602(4)
Discharge of Contract Duties
606(4)
Performance
606(1)
Illegality
606(1)
Impossibility
606(1)
Impracticability
607(1)
Frustration
607(1)
Rescission
608(1)
Modification
608(1)
Substituted Contract
608(1)
Novation
608(1)
Release
608(1)
Accord and Satisfaction
609(1)
Account Stated
609(1)
Lapse
609(1)
Operation of Law
610(1)
Breach of Contract
610(1)
Material Breach
610(1)
Minor Breach
610(1)
Timely Performance
610(1)
Contract Remedies
611(7)
Damages
611(2)
Measure of Damages
613(2)
Specific Performance
615(1)
Rescission and Restitution
616(1)
Reformation
616(1)
Quasi-Contract
616(1)
Tort Actions
617(1)
Contract Law Self-Test
618(9)
12 CRIMINAL LAW627(70)
Jurisdiction
627(2)
Federal Jurisdiction
628(1)
State Jurisdiction
628(1)
Sources of Criminal Law
629(1)
Common Law
629(1)
Constitution
629(1)
Statue
629(1)
Administrative
629(1)
Model Penal Code
630(1)
Theories of Punishment
630(1)
Restraint
630(1)
Deterrence
630(1)
Retribution
630(1)
Rehabilitation
631(1)
Classification of Crimes
631(1)
Constitutional Limitations
632(1)
Void for Vagueness
632(1)
Ex Post Facto Laws
632(1)
Bill of Attainder
632(1)
Interpretation of Criminal Law
633(1)
Plain Meaning Rule
633(1)
Strict Construction
633(1)
Effect of Repeal
633(1)
Merger
633(1)
Merger of Solicitation or Attempt into Completed Crime
634(1)
Merger of Lesser Offenses into Greater Offenses
634(1)
No Double Jeopardy when Statue Provides Multiple Punishments for Single Act
634(1)
Essential Elements of a Crime
634(4)
The Physical Act (Actus Reus)
635(1)
Intent (Mens Rea)
636(1)
Concurrence of Actus Reus and Mens Rea
637(1)
Liability for the Acts of Others
638(1)
Inchoate Offenses
638(6)
Solicitation
639(1)
Conspiracy
639(3)
RICO
642(1)
Attempt
643(1)
Criminal Capacity
644(4)
Insanity
644(2)
Issues Related to Insanity Defense
646(1)
Intoxication
647(1)
Infancy
647(1)
Exculpation
648(3)
Justifiable Use of Force
648(2)
Necessity
650(1)
Duress
650(1)
Mistake
650(1)
Consent
651(1)
Entrapment
651(1)
Offenses Against the Person
651(5)
Assault
652(1)
Battery
652(1)
Mayhem
652(1)
Homicide
652(2)
False Imprisonment
654(1)
Kidnapping
655(1)
Sex Offenses
655(1)
Offenses Against Property
656(6)
Larceny
657(1)
Embezzlement
658(1)
False Pretenses
659(1)
Forgery
660(1)
Robbery
660(1)
Extortion
661(1)
Receiving Stolen Property
661(1)
Modern Changes
661(1)
Offenses Against a Dwelling
662(1)
Burglary
662(1)
Arson
663(1)
Crimes Involving Judicial Procedure
663(1)
Perjury
663(1)
Subornation of Perjury
663(1)
Bribery
664(1)
Criminal Procedure
664(26)
Constitutional Restraints
665(1)
Requirements Binding on States
665(1)
Requirements Not Binding on States
665(1)
Exclusionary Rule
666(1)
Exceptions
666(1)
Limitations
667(1)
Enforcement
667(1)
Harmless Error
667(1)
The Fourth Amendment
667(8)
Arrest
667(1)
Search and Seizure
668(2)
Exceptions
670(1)
Administrative Inspections
671(1)
Schools and Government Offices
672(1)
Border Searches
672(1)
Plain View Rule
672(1)
Wiretaps
672(1)
Unconscionable Methods
673(1)
Confessions
674(1)
Pretrial Identification
675(1)
Pretrial Procedures
676(4)
Pretrial Detention
678(1)
Preliminary Hearing
679(1)
Speedy Trial
679(1)
Prosecutor's Duty to Disclose
679(1)
Competence to Stand Trial
679(1)
Pretrial Publicity
680(1)
Trial
680(4)
Right to Trial by Jury
681(1)
Right to Counsel
681(1)
Right to Confront Witnesses
682(1)
Burden of Proof
683(1)
Plea Bargaining
683(1)
Sentencing
684(1)
Federal Sentencing Guidelines
684(1)
Procedural Rights
685(1)
Substantive Rights
685(1)
Appeal
685(1)
Habeas Corpus Proceedings
686(1)
Federal Habeas Corpus Proceedings
686(1)
Punishment
686(1)
Prisoner Rights
687(1)
Double Jeopardy
687(1)
Same Offense
688(1)
Exceptions Permitting Retrial
688(1)
Separate Sovereigns
688(1)
Forfeiture Actions
688(1)
Juvenile Court Proceedings
689(1)
Criminal Law Self-Test
690(9)
13 ESTATE PLANNING AND PROBATE699(60)
Estate Planning
699(30)
Tax Legislation Overview
700(1)
Unified Credit
701(1)
Property Ownership
701(6)
Probate Property
701(1)
Non-probate Property
702(2)
Life Insurance
704(1)
Retirement Plans
705(2)
Trusts
707(11)
Trustor, Grantor, Settlor
709(1)
Trustee
709(1)
Testamentary Trusts
710(1)
Inter Vivos Trusts
711(1)
Credit Shelter Trust
712(1)
Martial and QTIP Trusts
712(2)
Sprinkle Trust
714(1)
Spendthrift Trust
714(1)
Generation Skipping Transfer (GST) Trusts
715(2)
Trusts for Disabled Children
717(1)
Standby Trusts
718(1)
Wills
718(2)
Codicil
719(1)
Holographic Wills
719(1)
Nuncupative Wills
720(1)
Validity of Wills
720(1)
Age
720(1)
Statutory Formalities
720(1)
Testator's Signature
720(1)
Witnesses
721(1)
Self-Proving Clause
721(1)
Testamentary Capacity
721(5)
Nature and Extent of Estate
722(1)
Objects of Bounty
722(1)
Nature of Disposition
723(1)
Grounds for Invalidity
723(2)
Revocation of Wills
725(1)
Limitations of Wills
725(1)
Intestacy
726(2)
Heirs
727(1)
Adopted Persons
727(1)
Persons Born Out of Wedlock
728(1)
Distribution of Intestate Estate
728(1)
Escheat
729(1)
Probate
729(23)
Jurisdiction and Venue
730(1)
Primary Jurisdiction
730(1)
Ancillary Jurisdiction
731(1)
Venue
731(1)
Admitting Will to Probate Appointment of Personal Representative
731(3)
Testate or Intestate
731(1)
Formal or Informal Proceedings
732(1)
Notice to Creditors and Interested Parties
732(1)
Proof of Will
732(1)
Appointment of Personal Representative
733(1)
Bond Requirements
734(1)
Renunciation by Personal Representative
734(1)
Estate Administration
734(6)
Forms of Administration
735(1)
Identifying Assets (Probate and Non-Probate)
736(1)
Inventory and Appraisal of Assets
737(1)
Management of Assets
738(2)
Creditor's Claims
740(1)
Settlement of the Estate
740(4)
Intestate Distributions
741(1)
Testate Distributions
741(1)
Elective Share
742(1)
Renunciation Disclaimer
743(1)
Accounting
743(1)
Final Distribution and Discharge
744(1)
Estate Taxes
744(8)
Decedent's Final Income Tax Return Form 1040
745(1)
Fiduciary Income Tax Return Form 1041
745(3)
Federal Estate Tax Return Form 706
748(4)
Estate Planning and Probate Self-Test
752(7)
14 FAMILY LAW759(58)
Historical Background
760(1)
Marriage
761(9)
Legal Requirements
761(3)
Types of Marriage
764(2)
Ceremonial Marriage
764(1)
Common Law Marriage
764(1)
Putative Marriage
765(1)
Successive Marriage
765(1)
Proxy Marriage
766(1)
Breach of Promise to Marry
766(1)
Gifts
767(1)
Contracts Related to Marriage
767(3)
Antenuptial Agreement
768(1)
Cohabitation Agreements
769(1)
Separation Agreements
770(1)
Family Relationships
770(9)
Spousal Rights and Duties
771(3)
Obligations of Support
771(1)
Property of Women
772(1)
Procreation and Birth Control
772(1)
Abortion
772(1)
Domestic Violence
773(1)
Parental Rights and Duties
774(3)
Education
775(1)
Filial Responsibility
775(1)
Legal Disabilities of Minors
776(1)
Abuse and Neglect
776(1)
Intra-Family Immunities
777(2)
Torts Involving Third Parties
778(1)
Evidentiary Privilege
778(1)
Annulment
779(4)
Grounds for Annulment
779(3)
Effects of Annulment
782(1)
Divorce
783(16)
Jurisdiction
783(1)
Grounds for Divorce
784(1)
Divorce Procedure
785(2)
Property Division
787(2)
Alimony
789(2)
Child Custody and Support
791(7)
Child Custody
791(1)
Types of Custody
792(1)
Modification
793(1)
Custody Jurisdiction
793(2)
Visitation
795(1)
Child Support
796(1)
Enforcement of Child Support
796(2)
Tax Considerations
798(1)
Parentage Issues
799(8)
Adoption
800(4)
Adoption Placement
800(1)
Parental Consent
801(1)
Adoption Requirements
802(1)
Effects of Adoption
803(1)
Paternity Proceedings
804(1)
Reproduction Technology
805(2)
Artificial Insemination
805(1)
Surrogacy
806(1)
Embryos
807(1)
Guardians and Conservators
807(3)
Guardians
808(1)
Conservators
808(2)
Family Law Self-Test
810(7)
15 LITIGATION817(62)
Selecting the Proper Court
820(8)
Subject Matter Jurisdiction
820(21)
Supplemental Jurisdiction
822(2)
Removal Jurisdiction
824(1)
Personal Jurisdiction
825(1)
Service of Process
826(1)
Venue
827(1)
Parties
828(5)
Joinder of Parties
829(1)
Intervention
830(1)
Interpleader
831(1)
Impleader
832(1)
Class Actions
832(1)
Consolidation
833(1)
Pleading
833(7)
Complaint
834(2)
Challenges to the Complaint
836(1)
The Answer
837(1)
Counterclaim and Cross-Claim
838(1)
Amendment of Pleadings
839(1)
Default Judgment
840(1)
Discovery
840(12)
Discovery Devices
841(6)
Scope of Discovery
847(1)
Resisting Discovery
848(1)
Compelling Discovery
849(1)
Use of Discovery at Trial
850(2)
Termination Without Trial
852(2)
Voluntary Dismissal
852(1)
Involuntary Dismissal
852(2)
Pretrial Conference
854(1)
Trial Procedure
855(8)
Trial by Jury
855(1)
Jury Selection
856(1)
Opening Statements
857(1)
Sequence of Trial
857(1)
Closing Arguments
858(1)
Jury Instructions
859(1)
Burden of Proof
859(1)
The Verdict
860(1)
Procedures and Motions after Verdict or Judgement
860(3)
Appellate Review
863(3)
Appellate Procedure
863(2)
Stay Pending Appeal
865(1)
Scope of Appellate Review
865(1)
Disposition by Appellate Court
865(1)
Res Judicata
866(2)
Parties Bound
867(1)
Enforcement of Judgements
868(2)
Litigation Self-Test
870(9)
16 REAL ESTATE LAW879(62)
Freehold Possessory Estates
880(6)
Fee Simple
880(1)
Fee Tail
880(1)
Life Estate
881(1)
Future Interest
881(1)
Future Interests Retained by Grantor
881(1)
Future Interests conveyed to Third Party
882(2)
Rule Against Restraints on Alienation
884(2)
Concurrent Ownership
886(3)
Tenancy in Common
887(1)
Joint Tenancy
887(1)
Tenancy by the Entirety
888(1)
Duties and Rights of Cotenants
889(2)
Martial Rights
889(1)
Trusts, Cooperatives, and Condominiums
890(1)
Nonfreehold Estates
891(5)
Landlord and Tenant
892(1)
Effect of Death of Either Party
893(1)
Landlord Rights
893(1)
Landlord Duties
893(1)
Tenant Rights
894(1)
Tenant Duties
895(1)
Remedies for Breach
895(1)
Assignment and Subletting
896(1)
Rights in the Land of Another
896(7)
Easement
896(3)
License
899(1)
Covenants
900(1)
Equitable Servitudes
901(1)
Termination of Covenants and Servitudes
902(1)
Limitation Upon the Use of Land
903(2)
Nuisance
903(1)
Right to Support
904(1)
Water Rights
904(1)
Airspace Rights
905(1)
Public Land Use Controls
905(4)
Zoning
905(3)
Eminent Domain
908(1)
Sale of Land
909(5)
Contract for Sale of Land
910(1)
Deed
910(2)
Execution of the Deed
912(1)
Types of Deeds
913(1)
Merger
914(1)
Methods of Title Assurance
914(7)
Recording Statutes
915(1)
The Title Search
916(2)
Title Registration (Torrens System)
918(1)
Priority Among Successive Purchasers
919(2)
Land Financing
921(6)
The Mortgage
921(2)
Sale of Mortgaged Property
923(1)
Acceleration Clause
924(1)
Default and Foreclosure
925(1)
Installment Sale Contract
926(1)
Escrow Agreement
926(1)
Real Estate Closing
927(3)
Adverse Possession
930(3)
Open and Notorious Possession
931(1)
Hostile, Exclusive, and Adverse Possession Under Claim of Right
931(1)
Continuous and Uninterrupted Possession for the Statutory Period
931(1)
Under Color of Title
932(1)
Real Estate Law Self-Test
933(8)
SELF-TEST ANSWER KEY941(10)
BIBLIOGRAPHY951(8)
INDEX959

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