Rent 9780130922519 | The Child in the Family and the Community

Summary Table of Contents

Recognizing that socialization is one of the most important aspects of child development, this lively and engaging book examines socialization issues of young children during child rearing, in child care facilities, and in the early education system within a developmental context. Child development as it relates to a child's first eight years, to a healthy family, and to a multicultural community is presented to readers through personal stories, vignettes, pictures, and a wealth of examples. For anyone with a personal or professional interest in early childhood development and education.

PART 1 The Child: Socialization in a Developmental Context

(94)

Attachment

(22)

Attachment and Trust

(3)

... MORE

(2)

Signs of Attachment

(1)

Obstacles to Attachment

(3)

Learning to Cope with Feelings of Loss

(2)

Varying Attachment Patterns

(2)

Attachment and Infant Mortality

(1)

Judging Attachment in a Cross-Cultural Situation

(1)

Child Care and Attachment

(1)

Quality Care is Vital to Attachment

(1)

Summary

(1)

For Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(1)

Autonomy

(22)

Toddlers and Autonomy

(1)

Signs of Developing Autonomy

(7)

Negativity

(1)

Exploration

(1)

Self-Help Skills

(3)

A Sense of Possession

(2)

Dealing with Issues of Power and Control

(7)

Set Up a Developmentally Appropriate Environment

(1)

Appreciate Play

(1)

Encourage Self-Help Skills

(1)

Give Choices

(1)

Provide Control

(1)

Set Limits

(2)

Coping with Loss and Separation

(3)

Taking Separation in Small Steps

(1)

Entering Child Care

(3)

Summary

(1)

For Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(2)

Initiative

(24)

What Initiative Looks Like in a 4-Year-Old

(1)

Analyzing Initiative in a 4-Year-Old

(2)

Developmental Conflicts

(1)

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

(1)

Initiative versus Guilt

(1)

Imagination and Fantasy

(1)

The Value of Play of All Sorts

(1)

How the Environment Contributes to a Sense of Initiative

(3)

``Dimensions'' of Play Environments

(1)

How Adults Contribute to Children's Initiative

(1)

The Shy Child

(1)

A Look at Aggression

(3)

Causes of Aggression

(3)

Teaching Young Children Problem-Solving Skills

(2)

Empowering the Preschool-Age Child

(2)

Summary

(1)

For Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(2)

Self-Esteem

(23)

Portrait of a Person with High Self-esteem

(1)

Definition of Self-esteem

(1)

Dimensions of Self-esteem

(2)

Significance

(1)

Competence

(1)

Power

(1)

Virtue

(1)

The Role of Beliefs and Expectations in Self-Esteem

(1)

Where Does Self-Esteem Come From?

(2)

Promoting Self-Esteem

(3)

Give More Honest Feedback and Encouragement Than Praise

(1)

Give Children Opportunities to Experience Success

(3)

Children Learn from Failure

(1)

Celebrating Differences: An Antibias Approach

(6)

Bias Is Bad for People

(2)

Cultural Differences and Self-Esteem

(3)

Summary

(1)

For Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Further Reading

(3)

PART 2 The Family: Socialization for High Self-Esteem in Healthy Families

(166)

Goals, Values, and Culture

102

(24)

Relationship of Goals and Values to Child-Rearing Practices

104

(1)

Cultural Differences in Goals and Values

104

(2)

Contrasting Cultural Patterns

106

(1)

When Parents and/or Caregivers or Teachers Have Conflicting Goals and Values

107

(2)

What to Do When Conflicts Arise

109

(7)

Build Relationships

113

(1)

Know Yourself

114

(1)

Work to Bring Differences Out in the Open

114

(1)

Discuss Differences

114

(1)

Become an Effective Cross-Cultural Communicator

114

(1)

Problem-Solve

115

(1)

Commit Yourself to Education

115

(1)

Helping Children Understand and Value Cultural Pluralism

116

(1)

Teaching Morals and Values to Children

116

(1)

Teaching Morals by Helping Children Examine Their Decision-Making Process

117

(1)

Teaching Morals by Promoting Prosocial Development

118

(3)

Summary

121

(1)

For Discussion

121

(1)

References

122

(1)

Further Reading

122

(4)

Child Care: An Extension of the Family

126

(22)

Child Care as a Child-Rearing Environment

128

(2)

Affordability and Availability

130

(3)

Status and Salaries

131

(2)

The State of Child Care in America Today

133

(1)

Looking at Quality

134

(1)

Adult-Child Interactions in Child Care and Early Education Settings

135

(1)

Including Everybody

136

(2)

Questions Concerning Continuity Between Child Care and Home

138

(3)

Parent-Provider Relations

141

(4)

Roadblocks to Mutual Appreciation, Respect, and Support

142

(3)

Summary

145

(1)

For Discussion

145

(1)

References

146

(1)

Further Reading

146

(2)

Disciplining for High Self-Esteem

148

(18)

Defining the Word Discipline

150

(1)

Problems with Using Punishment to Teach Young Children

151

(2)

Guidelines for Disciplining Young Children

153

(11)

Discipline as Preventing Unacceptable Behavior

153

(5)

Discipline as Responding to Unacceptable Behavior

158

(6)

Summary

164

(1)

For Discussion

164

(1)

References

164

(1)

Further Reading

165

(1)

Accepting Feelings

166

(22)

What Are Feelings?

169

(2)

All Feelings Are Positive

170

(1)

Learning Feelings

171

(7)

Social Referencing

172

(1)

Cultural Scripts

173

(2)

The Importance of Accepting Feelings

175

(1)

Teaching Children Healthy Expressions of Feelings

176

(2)

Teaching Children to Cope with Feelings

178

(6)

Developing Self-Calming Skills

178

(2)

Coping by Playing Pretend

180

(1)

Coping with Simultaneous Feelings

180

(1)

Coping with Anger

181

(1)

Coping with Fear

182

(2)

Summary

184

(1)

For Discussion

185

(1)

References

185

(1)

Further Reading

185

(3)

Problem Solving

188

(18)

Problem Solving When Needs Conflict

190

(2)

The Direct Order and Its Disadvantages

190

(1)

The Fear-Inducing Approach and Its Disadvantages

190

(1)

Issues Around Obedience

191

(1)

Suffering Silently

191

(1)

Suffering Openly

191

(1)

Parenting Approaches

192

(1)

The Authoritarian Approach

192

(1)

The Permissive Approach

192

(1)

The Authoritative Approach

193

(1)

The Problem-Solving Process

193

(7)

Problem Solving When the Child Has a Problem

194

(2)

Problem Solving When the Adult Has the Problem

196

(3)

Using the RERUN Process: An Example

199

(1)

Problem Solving and Cognitive Development

200

(1)

Child-Initiated Problems

200

(1)

Adult-Initiated Problems

201

(1)

Summary of Steps of Problem Solving

201

(3)

Summary

204

(1)

For Discussion

204

(1)

References

204

(1)

Further Reading

204

(2)

Strokes and Affirmations: A Path to Self-Esteem

206

(20)

What Are Strokes?

208

(2)

Using Positive Strokes to Change Behavior

210

(1)

What Are Affirmations?

211

(6)

Affirmations Can Create Self-Fulfilling Prophecies

212

(2)

Children's Response to Affirmations and Strokes

214

(3)

Relation of Adult Self-Esteem to Building Self-Esteem in Children

217

(2)

Changing Negative Messages to Positive Ones

217

(2)

Self-Stroking

219

(1)

Learning New Skills

220

(3)

Tips for Getting Yourself Nurtured

222

(1)

Summary

223

(1)

For Discussion

224

(1)

References

224

(1)

Further Reading

224

(2)

Modeling and Teaching Sex Roles

226

(16)

Why Think About Teaching Sex Roles?

228

(1)

The Women of Today

228

(1)

Sex Equity and Child Rearing

229

(3)

Toys and Sex Roles

229

(2)

The Power of Language

231

(1)

Using Modeling to Teach

232

(1)

Differential Socialization

232

(4)

Differential Treatment from Parents

234

(1)

Differential Treatment in Preschool

234

(1)

Differential Treatment from Elementary School

235

(1)

The Role of Biology in Creating Differences Between Boys and Girls

236

(1)

Guidelines for Parents and Early Childhood Educators

237

(2)

Summary

239

(1)

For Discussion

239

(1)

References

239

(1)

Further Reading

239

(3)

Stress and Success in Family Life

242

(19)

Successful Families

244

(1)

Traits of Successful Families

245

(7)

Sara's Family

246

(1)

Roberto's Family

247

(1)

Hai's Family

248

(1)

Michael's Family

248

(1)

Courtney's Family

249

(1)

The Jackson Family

250

(2)

What Do the Six Families Have in Common?

252

(1)

Stress Isn't Necessarily Bad

252

(2)

What We Can Learn from Studies of Resilient Children

254

(1)

Helping All Children Become Resilient Children

255

(3)

Summary

258

(1)

For Discussion

258

(1)

References

259

(1)

Further Reading

259

(2)

PART 3 The Community: Socialization in the Community Context

261

(60)

Community Resources

264

(18)

Social Networks

266

(3)

Developing a Broad Base of Support

267

(1)

Forms Social Networks May Take

268

(1)

Community Institutions That Serve Families

268

(1)

Families Using Community Resources

269

(6)

Sara's Family

269

(2)

Roberto's Family

271

(1)

Hai's Family

272

(1)

Michael's Family

272

(1)

Courtney's Family

273

(1)

The Jackson Family

274

(1)

Connections to the Community

275

(3)

A Summary of Community Resources

275

(2)

Availability of Community Resources

277

(1)

Summary

278

(1)

For Discussion

279

(1)

References

279

(1)

Further Reading

279

(3)

Socializing Agents

282

(22)

Socialization and the Family

284

(5)

The Issue of Bias

285

(4)

Schools as Socializing Agents

289

(6)

Getting into Kindergarten

290

(3)

Classroom Behavior

293

(1)

Responding to Diversity

294

(1)

Inequity and Schools

295

(1)

The Peer Group as an Agent of Socialization

295

(2)

Functions of the Peer Group

297

(1)

The Media as an Influence on Socialization

297

(5)

Commercial Advertising

299

(1)

Violence

300

(2)

Summary

302

(1)

For Discussion

302

(1)

References

302

(1)

Further Reading

302

(2)

Social Policy Issues

304

(17)

Who Is Responsible for America's Children?

306

(3)

Children and Equal Opportunity

308

(1)

Ready to Learn: A Goal for All of America's Children

309

(4)

Head Start

310

(1)

Child Care

310

(3)

Economic Development

313

(1)

Adequate Health Services and Nutrition for All

313

(2)

Taking a Preventive Approach

315

(1)

Advocacy

316

(1)

Summary

317

(1)

For Discussion

318

(1)

References

318

(1)

Further Reading

318

(3)

Index

321

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The Child in the Family and the Community

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