Rent 9780205316861 | Becoming a Teacher | Parkay, Forrest W.; Stanford, Beverly Hardcastle @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents

Substantially revised, this book highlights 21st century teaching practices and issues to help readers discover what it takes to become professional teachers. Becoming a Teacher expands its emphasis on "mentoring" and contemporary trends and topics, giving greater coverage to technology and social issues. Case studies and discussions of teacher leadership encourage interactions with the concepts presented. The fifth edition of Becoming a Teacher provides the tools and information necessary to answer the questions "What does it take to become a professional teacher?" and "Do I want to teach?" For pre-service and in-service teachers.

Preface

xiv

Part One The Teaching Profession

(77)

Dear Mentor

(1)

Teaching: Your Chosen Profession

... MORE

(36)

Focus Questions

(2)

Why Do You Want to Teach?

(11)

Desire to Work with Children and Young People

(1)

Love of Teaching

(1)

Love of Subject

(1)

Love of the Teaching Life

(1)

Love of the Teaching-Learning Process

(1)

Influence of Teachers

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Should psychological assessments be used to identify students who should not become teachers?

(1)

Desire to Serve

(1)

Professional Reflection: Assessing your reasons for choosing to teach

(1)

Practical Benefits of Teaching

(1)

Salaries and Benefits

(2)

Job Security and Status

(1)

Job Opportunities for Teachers from Diverse Backgrounds

(3)

What Are the Challenges of Teaching?

(5)

Classroom Management and Increasing School Violence

(2)

Social Problems That Impact Students

(1)

Need for Family and Community Support

(1)

Long Working Hours and Job Stress

(1)

Gaining Professional Empowerment

(1)

Technology Highlights: Will I Be Prepared to Teach in a Digital Age?

(1)

What Is Teaching Really Like?

(7)

Reality 1: The Unpredictability of Outcomes

(1)

Students' Responses

(2)

Results in the Future

(1)

Reality 2: The Difficulty of Assessing Students' Learning

(1)

Reality 3: The Need for Teacher-Student Partnership

(1)

Reality 4: The Impact of Teachers' Attitudes

(1)

Reality 5: The Drama and Immediacy of Teaching

(1)

Reality 6: The Uniqueness of the Teaching Experience

(2)

What Does Society Expect of Teachers?

(2)

The Public Trust

(1)

Teacher Competency and Effectiveness

(1)

Teacher Accountability

(1)

How Do Good Teachers View Their Work?

(8)

A Way of Being

(1)

A Creative Endeavor

(1)

A Live Performance

(1)

A Form of Empowerment

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Caroline Bitterwolf

(1)

An Opportunity to Serve

(1)

As Keepers of the Dream

(1)

Summary

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Applications and Activities

(1)

Teacher's Journal

(1)

Teacher's Database

(1)

Observations and Interviews

(1)

Professional Portfolio

(1)

Learning to Teach

(40)

Focus Questions

(2)

What Essential Knowledge Do You Need to Teach?

(5)

Self-Knowledge

(1)

Knowledge of Students

(1)

Professional Reflection: Inventorying your knowledge of children and youth

(1)

Knowledge of Subject

(1)

Knowledge of Methods for Applying Educational Theory and Research

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Which type of knowledge do teachers need more---subject-matter knowledge or professional knowledge?

(2)

What Are Five Ways of Viewing the Teacher Knowledge Base?

(5)

A Personal Development View

(1)

Research-Based Competencies

(1)

State Standards

(1)

A Job-Analysis Approach

(1)

Technology Highlights: What Technology-Related Knowledge and Skills Do Teachers Need?

(1)

Professional Views

(1)

How Do Reforms in Teacher Education Affect You?

(2)

Increased Academic Preparation

(1)

Expanded Role for Schools

(1)

National Certification

(1)

State Standards Boards

(1)

What Can You Learn from Observing in Classrooms?

(4)

Technology and Classroom Observations

(1)

Case to Consider: Ruth's Dilemma

(1)

Focused Observations

(1)

Observation Instruments

(1)

How Can You Gain Practical Experience for Becoming a Teacher?

(5)

Classroom Experiences

(1)

Microteaching

(1)

Simulations

(1)

Video Cases

(1)

Practica

(1)

Classroom Aides

(1)

Student Teaching

(1)

Student Teacher Journal Writing

(1)

Reflective Teaching Logs

(1)

Gaining Experiences in Multicultural Settings

(1)

Induction and Internship Programs

(1)

School-Based Teacher Education

(1)

Substitute Teaching

(1)

How Can You Develop Your Teaching Portfolio?

(2)

Portfolio Contents

(1)

Using a Portfolio

(1)

How Can You Benefit from Mentoring Relationships?

(1)

What Opportunities for Continuing Professional Development Will You Have?

(13)

Self-Assessment for Professional Growth

(1)

Teacher Workshops

(1)

Teacher Centers

(1)

Professional Development Schools

(1)

Supervision and Mentoring of Students Teachers

(1)

Graduate Study

(1)

Study on the Internet

(1)

Summary

(3)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Applications and Activities

(1)

Teacher's Journal

(1)

Teacher's Database

(1)

Observations and Interviews

(1)

Professional Portfolio

(1)

Appendix 2.1: Florida Performance Measurement System

(1)

Appendix 2.2: Models of Professional Standards: Kentucky's New Teacher Standards

(1)

Appendix 2.3: Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium Standards

(1)

Appendix 2.4: Sample NBPTS Portfolio Exercise

(1)

Part Two Influences on the Professional Lives of Teachers

(168)

Dear Mentor

(2)

Ideas and Events That Have Shaped Education in the United States

(42)

Focus Questions

(2)

What Determines Your Educational Philosophy?

(3)

Beliefs about Teaching and Learning

(1)

Technology Highlights: How can the World Wide Web enhance your study of and interest in the philosophy and history of education?

(1)

Beliefs about Students

(1)

Beliefs about Knowledge

(1)

Beliefs about What Is Worth Knowing

(1)

What Are the Branches of Philosophy?

(3)

Metaphysics

(1)

Epistemology

(1)

Axiology

(1)

Ethics

(1)

Aesthetics

(1)

Logic

(1)

What Are Five Modern Philosophical Orientations to Teaching?

(4)

Perennialism

(1)

Perennialist Educational Philosophers

(1)

Essentialism

(1)

Progressivism

(1)

Progressive Strategies

(1)

Existentialism

(1)

Social Reconstructionism

(1)

Social Reconstructionism and Progressivism

(1)

What Psychological Orientations Have Influenced Teaching Philosophies?

(2)

Humanistic Psychology

(1)

Behaviorism

(1)

Founders of Behavioristic Psychology

(1)

Constructivism

(1)

How Can You Develop Your Educational Philosophy?

(1)

What Were Teaching and Schools Like in the American Colonies (1620--1750)?

(3)

Colonial Schools

(2)

The Origins of Mandated Education

(1)

Education for African Americans and Native Americans

(1)

What Were the Goals of Education during the Revolutionary Period (1750--1820)?

(2)

Benjamin Franklin's Academy

(1)

Sarah Pierce's Female Academy

100

(1)

Thomas Jefferson's Philosophy

100

(1)

Noah Webster's Speller

101

(1)

How Was the Struggle Won for State-Supported Common Schools (1820--1865)?

101

(4)

Where Do You Stand? Should School attendance beyond the elementary level become voluntary?

102

(1)

Horace Mann's Contributions

103

(1)

Improving Schools

104

(1)

The Normal School

104

(1)

Reverend W. H. McGuffey's Readers

105

(1)

Justin Morill's Land-Grant Schools

105

(1)

How Did Compulsory Education Change Schools and the Teaching Profession (1865--1920)?

105

(3)

Higher Education for African Americans

106

(1)

The Kindergarten

106

(1)

The Professionalization of Teaching

107

(1)

Professional Reflection: Reflecting on Changes in the Image of Teachers

107

(1)

What Were the Aims of Education during the Progressive Era (1920--1945)?

108

(2)

John Dewey's Laboratory School

109

(1)

Maria Montessori's Method

109

(1)

Education of Immigrants and Minorities

110

(1)

How Did Education Change during the Modern Postwar Era (1945--2000)?

110

(12)

The 1950s: Defense Education and School Desegregation

110

(2)

Keepers of the Dream: Marian Wright Edelman

112

(1)

The 1960s: The War on Poverty and the Great Society

112

(1)

The 1970s: Accountability and Equal Opportunity

112

(3)

The 1980s: A Great Debate

115

(1)

The 1990s and into the Twenty-First Century: Teacher Leadership

115

(1)

Summary

116

(3)

Key Terms and Concepts

119

(1)

Applications and Activities

120

(1)

Teacher's Journal

120

(1)

Teacher's Database

120

(1)

Observations and Interviews

120

(1)

Professional Portfolio

121

(1)

Social Realities Confronting Today's Schools

122

(42)

Focus Questions

123

(2)

What Are the Aims of Education Today?

125

(5)

Education for National Goals

125

(1)

Education for Prosocial Values

126

(1)

Education for Socialization

126

(1)

Education for Achievement

127

(1)

Education for Personal Growth

128

(1)

Education for Social Change

128

(1)

Education for Equal Educational Opportunity

128

(2)

How Can Schools Be Described?

130

(1)

Metaphors for Schools

130

(1)

Schools and Social Class

130

(1)

What Are Schools Like as Social Institutions?

131

(6)

The School as a Reflection of Society

131

(2)

Rural, Suburban, and Urban Schools

133

(1)

Schools and Community Environments

133

(1)

Technology Highlights: Do Students in Urban Schools Have Equal Access to Up-to-Date Technologies?

134

(1)

The Culture of the School

134

(1)

The Physical Environment

135

(1)

Formal Practices of Schools

135

(1)

School Traditions

136

(1)

The Culture of the Classroom

136

(1)

What Characteristics Distinguish Successful Schools?

137

(2)

Measures of Success

137

(1)

Research on School Effectiveness

137

(2)

What Social Problems Affect Schools and Place Students at Risk?

139

(14)

Identifying Students at Risk

139

(2)

Children and Poverty

141

(1)

Case to Consider: Pharoah's Perspective

142

(2)

Family Stress

144

(2)

Substance Abuse

146

(1)

Violence and Crime

146

(3)

Professional Reflection: Identifying factors behind youth violence

149

(1)

Teen Pregnancy

149

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Should metal detectors be installed in schools?

150

(2)

Students with HIV/AIDS

152

(1)

Suicide among Children and Youths

152

(1)

What Are Schools Doing to Address Societal Problems?

153

(11)

Intervention Programs

153

(1)

Peer Counseling

153

(1)

Full-Service Schools

154

(1)

School-Based Interprofessional Case Management

155

(1)

Compensatory Education

155

(1)

Alternative Schools and Curricula

156

(1)

Summary

157

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

158

(1)

Applications and Activities

159

(1)

Teacher's Journal

159

(1)

Teacher's Database

159

(1)

Observations and Interviews

160

(1)

Professional Portfolio

160

(1)

Appendix 4.1: School Safety Checklist

161

(1)

Appendix 4.2: Selected Resources for Meeting Needs of Students Placed at Risk

162

(2)

Struggles for Control of Schools in the United States

164

(36)

Focus Questions

165

(2)

Who Is Involved in the Struggles for Control of Schools in the United States?

167

(2)

What Is the Role of the Local Community in School Governance?

169

(7)

Local School District

169

(1)

School Board

170

(1)

Superintendent of Schools

170

(1)

The Role of Parents

171

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Marcia McVey

172

(1)

School Restructuring

173

(1)

School-Based Management

174

(1)

Chicago School Reform

174

(2)

What Powers and Influence Do States Have in Governing Schools?

176

(3)

The Roles of State Government in Education

176

(1)

The Legislature

176

(1)

The Courts

177

(1)

The Governor

177

(1)

State Board of Education

178

(1)

State Department of Education

178

(1)

Chief State School Officer

179

(1)

What Assistance Do Regional Education Agencies Provide?

179

(4)

How Does the Federal Government Influence Education?

180

(1)

Technology Highlights: How should federal revenues be distributed to the states for the purchase of educational technology?

181

(1)

The Impact of Presidential Policies

182

(1)

U.S. Department of Education

183

(1)

Professional Reflection: Examining the tension between federal and state roles in education

183

(1)

How Are Schools Financed in the United States?

183

(5)

Local Funding

186

(1)

State Funding

186

(1)

Federal Funding

186

(2)

What Are Some Trends in Funding for Equity and Excellence?

188

(12)

Tax Reform and Redistricting

188

(1)

Vertical Equity

189

(1)

School Choice

189

(1)

Where Do You Stand? School vouchers: Pro or con?

190

(2)

Voucher Systems

192

(1)

Corporate-Education Partnerships

193

(1)

Summary

193

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

195

(1)

Applications and Activities

196

(1)

Teacher's Journal

196

(1)

Teacher's Database

196

(1)

Observations and Interviews

197

(1)

Professional Portfolio

197

(1)

Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Teachers to Think and Act Politically

198

(1)

Appendix 5.2: Typical Organizational Structur for a Medium-size School District

199

(1)

Ethical and Legal Issues in Education in the United States

200

(46)

Focus Questions

201

(2)

Why Do You Need a Professional Code of Ethics?

203

(3)

Ethical Teaching Attitudes and Practices

203

(1)

Case to Consider: Lisa's Ethical Challenge

204

(2)

Ethical Dilemmas in Classroom and School

206

(1)

What Are Your Legal Rights as a Teacher?

206

(7)

Certification

207

(1)

Teacher's Rights to Nondiscrimination

207

(1)

Teaching Contracts

208

(1)

Due Process in Tenure and Dismissal

209

(2)

Academic Freedom

211

(1)

Famous Cases

211

(1)

State's Rights

212

(1)

Professional Reflection: Evaluating statements about academic freedom

213

(1)

Do Student Teachers Have the Same Rights?

213

(2)

What Are Your Legal Responsibilities as a Teacher?

215

(8)

Avoiding Tort Liability

215

(1)

Negligence

216

(1)

Educational Malpractice

217

(3)

Reporting Child Abuse

220

(1)

Observing Copyright Laws

220

(1)

Photocopies

220

(1)

Technology Highlights: What ethical and legal issus will you face regarding the use of computer software?

221

(1)

Videotapes

221

(1)

Computer Software

221

(1)

Electronic Mail and the Internet

222

(1)

Publishing on the Internet

222

(1)

What Are the Legal Rights of Students and Parents?

223

(9)

Freedom of Expression

223

(1)

Censorship

223

(1)

Dress Codes

224

(1)

Due Process in Suspension and Expulsion

225

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Should school require students to wear uniforms?

226

(2)

Reasonable Search and Seizure

228

(2)

Privacy

230

(1)

Students' Rights to Nondiscrimination

231

(1)

What Are Some Issues in the Legal Rights of School Districts?

232

(14)

Corporal Punishment

232

(1)

Sexual Harassment

233

(2)

Religious Expression

235

(2)

Home Schooling

237

(1)

Summary

238

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

240

(1)

Applications and Activities

240

(1)

Teacher's Journal

240

(1)

Teacher's Database

241

(1)

Observations and Interviews

241

(1)

Professional Portfolio

242

(1)

Appendix 6.1: NEA Code of Ethics for Teachers

243

(1)

Appendix 6.2: NEA Bill of Rights for Student Teachers

244

(2)

Part Three The Art of Teaching

246

(208)

Dear Mentor

246

(2)

Teaching Diverse Learners

248

(40)

Focus Questions

249

(2)

How Is Diversity Embedded in the Culture of the United States?

251

(9)

The Meaning of Culture

252

(1)

Dimensions of Culture

253

Cultural Identity

252

(1)

Language and Culture

252

(4)

The Concept of Multiculturalism

256

(1)

Ethinicity and Race

256

(1)

The Concept of Minorities

257

(1)

Minority Groups and Academic Achievement

257

(1)

Language Minorities

258

(1)

Stereotyping and Racism

259

(1)

Professional Reflection: Reflecting on your cultural identity

259

(1)

What Does Equal Educational Opportunity Mean?

260

(8)

Education and African Americans

260

(1)

The Desegregation Era

261

(1)

Resegregation of Schools in the United States

261

(1)

The Learning Needs of African-American Students

262

(1)

Afrocentric Schools

263

(1)

Education and Latino and Hispanic Americans

263

(1)

Socioeconomic Factors

263

(1)

The Learning Needs of Spanish-Speaking Students

264

(1)

Education and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders

264

(1)

Historical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors

265

(1)

Teachers' Concerns about Asian American Students

265

(1)

Education and Native Americans and Alaskan Natives

266

(1)

Historical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors

267

(1)

Research on Native American Ways of Knowing

267

(1)

What Is Meant by Bilingual Education?

268

(4)

Research and Debate on Bilingual Programs

269

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Is multiculural education unifying or divisive?

270

(2)

Advice for Monolingual Teachers

272

(1)

What Is Multicultural Education?

272

(5)

Dimensions of Multicultural Education

273

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Peter White: Opportunity Creator

274

(1)

Multicultural Curricula

275

(1)

Multicultural Instructional Materials and Strategies

276

(1)

How Is Gender a Dimension of Multicultural Education?

277

(11)

Technology Highlights: Does gender equity exist in the use of educational technology?

278

(1)

Gender Differences

278

(1)

Gender and Education

279

(2)

Gender-Fair Classrooms and Curricula

281

(1)

Sexual Orientation

281

(1)

Summary

282

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

284

(1)

Applications and Activities

284

(1)

Teacher's Journal

284

(1)

Teacher's Database

284

(1)

Observations and Interviews

285

(1)

Professional Portfolio

285

(1)

Appendix 7.1 Can You Recognize Racism?

286

(2)

Addressing Learners' Individual Needs

288

(44)

Focus Questions

289

(1)

How Do Students' Needs Change as They Develop?

290

(11)

Piaget's Model of Cognitive Development

291

(1)

Erikson's Model of Psychosocial Development

291

(2)

Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development

293

(3)

Where Do You Stand? Is character education an effective way to improve society?

296

(2)

Maslow's Model of a Hierarchy of Needs

298

(1)

Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Childhood

298

(2)

Developmental Stresses and Tasks of Adolescence

300

(1)

How Do Students Vary in Intelligence?

301

(5)

Intelligence Testing

302

(1)

Multiple Intelligences

303

(2)

Learning Styles

305

(1)

Professional Reflection: Identifying your learning style preferences

305

(1)

How Do Students Vary in Ability and Disability?

306

(6)

Exceptional Learners

306

(1)

Students with Disabilities

307

(2)

Students Who Are Gifted and Talented

309

(3)

What Are Special Education, Mainstreaming, and Inclusion?

312

(5)

Special Education Laws

312

(2)

Meeting the Mainstreaming Challenge

314

(1)

The Debate Over Inclusion

315

(1)

Equal Opportunity for Exceptional Learners

316

(1)

How Can You Teach All Learners in Your Inclusive Classroom?

317

(15)

Collaborative Consultation with Other Professionals

317

(1)

Case to Consider: Help! Tell me about this kid!

318

(2)

Working with Parents

320

(1)

Assistive Technology for Special Learners

320

(1)

Technology Highlights: How can word prediction software enhance the writing abilities of students with disabilities?

321

(1)

Summary

322

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

324

(1)

Applications and Activities

325

(1)

Teacher's Journal

325

(1)

Teacher's Database

325

(1)

Observations and Interviews

326

(1)

Professional Portfolio

326

(2)

Appendix 8.1 A Sample Individualized Education Plan (IEP)

328

(3)

Appendix 8.2 Examples of Instructional Strategies for Teaching All Learners

331

(1)

Creating a Community of Learners

332

(36)

Focus Questions

333

(2)

What Determines the Culture of the Classroom?

335

(3)

Classroom Climate

335

(2)

Classroom Dynamics

337

(1)

Teacher Communication

337

(1)

Student Interaction

337

(1)

How Can You Create a Positive Learning Environment?

338

(8)

The Caring Classroom

338

(1)

The Classroom as a Physical Environment

339

(2)

Classroom Organization

341

(1)

Grouping Students by Ability

341

(1)

Grouping Students for Cooperative Lerning

341

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Nel Noddings: Leader in the Challenge to Care

342

(1)

Delivering Instruction

343

(1)

Professional Reflection: How do low- and high-authentic pedagogy differ?

344

(1)

Structuring the Use of Time

345

(1)

What Are the Keys to Successful Classroom Management?

346

(5)

The Democratic Classroom

346

(1)

Preventive Planning

347

(1)

Establishing Rules and Procedures

347

(1)

Organizing and Planning for Instruction

348

(1)

Effective Responses to Student Behavior

348

(1)

Severity of Misbehavior

348

(1)

Constructive Assertiveness

349

(1)

Teacher Problem Solving

350

(1)

Developing Your Own Approach to Classroom Management

351

(1)

What Teaching Methods Do Effective Teachers Use?

351

(5)

Methods Based on Learning New Behaviors

353

(1)

Methods Based on Child Development

353

(2)

Methods Based on the Thinking Process

355

(1)

Methods Based on Peer-Mediated Instruction

356

(1)

What Are Some Characteristics of Effective Teaching?

356

(12)

Establishing Goals

357

(1)

Linking Assessment with Instruction

358

(1)

Examples of Effective Teachers

359

(1)

Laurie Robben, Fourth Grade Teacher, Greenwhich, Connecticut

359

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Should the use of standardized testing be increased?

360

(2)

Technology Highlights: How do effective teachers use technology to enhance their instruction?

362

(1)

Terri Jenkins, Eighth Grade Middle School Language Arts Teacher, Hephzibah, Georgia

362

(1)

James P. Anderson, Barbara Floisand, David Martinez, and Dalmar P. Robinson, Alternative High School Teachers, Salt Lake City, Utah

363

(1)

Summary

363

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

365

(1)

Applications and Activities

365

(1)

Teacher's Journal

365

(1)

Teacher's Database

366

(1)

Observations and Interviews

366

(1)

Professional Portfolio

367

(1)

Developing and Implementing the Curriculum

368

(44)

Focus Questions

369

(1)

What Is Taught in Schools?

370

(5)

Kinds of Curriculum

371

(1)

Explicit Curriculum

371

(1)

Hidden Curriculum

371

(1)

Null Curriculum

372

(1)

Professional Reflection: Identifying kinds of curriculum

372

(1)

Extracurricular/Cocurricular Programs

372

(2)

Curriculum Content

374

(1)

How Is the School Curriculum Developed?

375

(4)

The Focus of Curriculum Planning

375

(1)

Student-Centered versus Subject-Centered Curricula

376

(1)

The Integrated Curriculum

376

(1)

Who Plans the Curriculum?

377

(1)

What Influences Curricular Decisions?

378

(1)

Social Issues and Changing Values

378

(1)

Textbook Publishing

379

(1)

What Reform Efforts Have Affected the Curriculum?

379

(12)

Case to Consider: Ms. Hyman's ESL Writing Lesson

380

(3)

Church, Nation, and School

383

(1)

Children and School

384

(1)

The Committee of Ten

384

(1)

The Committee of Fifteen

385

(1)

The Reorganization of Secondary Education

385

(1)

Standards and the Schools

385

(1)

The Push for Mass Education

385

(1)

The Progressive Curriculum

386

(1)

The Eight-Year Study

386

(1)

The Push for Excellence

387

(1)

The Inquiry-Based Curriculum

387

(1)

The Relevancy-Based Curriculum

387

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Is raising national educational standards an effective way to improve education?

388

(2)

The Core Curriculum

390

(1)

Performance-Based Education

390

(1)

What Are Some Current Subject-Area Trends?

391

(21)

Reading and Writing

391

(2)

Mathematics

393

(2)

Science and Technology

395

(1)

Technology Highlights: How can educational software change the roles of teachers and students?

396

(1)

Social Studies

397

(3)

Foreign Languages

400

(1)

The Arts

401

(1)

Physical Education

402

(1)

Vocational-Technical Education

403

(1)

Summary

404

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

405

(1)

Applications and Activities

406

(1)

Teacher's Journal

406

(1)

Teacher's Database

406

(1)

Observations and Interviews

406

(1)

Professional Portfolio

407

(1)

Appendix 10.1 Selected Subject-Area References for Curriculum Planning

408

(4)

Teaching with Technology

412

(42)

Focus Questions

413

(2)

How Are Educational Technologies Influencing Schools?

415

(3)

Technology and the Challenge to Schools

415

(1)

Professional Reflection: How technically proficient are you?

416

(2)

What Technologies Are Available for Teaching?

418

(9)

The Television Revolution

418

(1)

Channel One

419

(1)

The Computer Revolution

420

(1)

Computers and Instruction

420

(2)

The ``Magic'' of Media

422

(1)

Hypermedia

422

(1)

Computer Simulations

423

(1)

Home-School Communication Systems

423

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Kristi Rennebohm Franz: Technology and Multicultural Educator

424

(1)

The Internet

424

(1)

Newsgroups

424

(2)

Technology Highlights: Can the Internet enhance school-home communication and parental involvement?

426

(1)

Chat Rooms

426

(1)

Videoconferencing

427

(1)

How Do Teachers Use Computers and the Interent?

427

(3)

Preparing Lessons

427

(1)

Communicating with Other Educators

428

(1)

Posting Information and Student Work on the Web

428

(1)

Facilitating Students' Learning Via Computers and Cyberspace

429

(1)

What Are the Effects of Computer Technology on Learning?

430

(2)

Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow Project (ACOT)

430

(1)

Integrating Technology

431

(1)

Findings from Other Research Studies

431

(1)

Should Technology Be at the Forefront of Efforts to Improve Schools in the United States?

432

(3)

The Opposition: Computers Will Not Improve Education

434

(1)

The Advocates: Computers Will Improve Education

435

(1)

What Barriers Limit the Integration of Technology into Schools?

435

(19)

Where Do You Stand? Is the use of technology in schools overemphasized?

436

(2)

Pillar 1: Access to Technology for All Students

438

(1)

Funding for Computers and Technical Support

439

(1)

Commercial Computer Labs

440

(1)

Unequal Access to Technology

440

(2)

Pillar 2: Internet Access for All Schools

442

(1)

Pillar 3: Quality Educational Software

443

(1)

Pillar 4: Teacher Training in Technology

444

(3)

Summary

447

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

449

(1)

Applications and Activities

449

(1)

Teacher's Journal

449

(1)

Teacher's Database

450

(1)

Observations and Interviews

450

(1)

Professional Portfolio

450

(1)

Appendix 11.1 Criteria for Evaluating Software Programs

451

(2)

Appendix 11.2 Criteria for Evaluating World Wide Web Sites

453

(1)

Part Four Your Teaching Future

454

(125)

Dear Mentor

454

(2)

Teachers as Educational Leaders

456

(42)

Focus Questions

457

(2)

To What Extent Is Teaching a Full Profession?

459

(5)

Institutional Monopoly of Services

459

(1)

Teacher Autonomy

460

(1)

Years of Education and Training

461

(1)

Provision of Essential Service

462

(1)

Degree of Self-Governance

462

(1)

Professional Associations

463

(1)

Professional Knowledge and Skills

463

(1)

Level of Public Trust

463

(1)

Prestige, Benefits, and Pay

463

(1)

What Is Professionalism in Teaching?

464

(5)

Professional Behavior

464

(1)

Reflection-in-Action

464

(1)

Becoming a Mentor

465

(1)

Lifelong Learning

465

(1)

Case to Consider: Martha's Leadership

466

(2)

Learning to Become a Leader

468

(1)

Involvement in the Profession

468

(1)

To What Professional Organizations Do Teachers Belong?

469

(5)

The National Education Association

469

(1)

The American Federation of Teachers

470

(1)

A Merger between the NEA and AFT?

471

(1)

Other Professional Organizations

471

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Do teachers' unions have a positive effect on education?

472

(2)

What New Leadership Roles for Teachers Are Emerging?

474

(5)

Teacher Involvement in Teacher Education, Certification, and Staff Development

474

(1)

Teacher-Leaders

475

(1)

Technology Highlights: How are teachers playing a leadership role in the development and dissemination of multimedia software?

476

(1)

Dimensions of Teacher Leadership beyond the Classroom

477

(2)

Professional Reflection: Working with principals

479

(1)

How Do Teachers Contribute to Educational Research?

479

(4)

Sources of Educational Research

480

(1)

Government Resources for Research Application

480

(1)

Conducting Classroom Action Research

481

(2)

How Are Teachers Providing Leadership for School Restructuring and Curriculum Reform?

483

(15)

Leadership and Collaboration for School Reform

483

(2)

Collaborative School Reform Networks

485

(1)

Coalition of Essential Schools

485

(1)

National Network for Educational Renewal

486

(1)

Accelerated Schools

486

(1)

State-Based Educational Partnerships

486

(1)

Summary

486

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

488

(1)

Applications and Activities

488

(1)

Teacher's Journal

488

(1)

Teacher's Database

489

(1)

Observations and Interviews

489

(1)

Professional Portfolio

489

(1)

Appendix 12.1 Sampler of Professional Organizations for Teachers

490

(5)

Appendix 12.2 Selected Education Journals

495

(2)

Appendix 12.3 Coalition of Essential Schools: Ten Common Principles

497

(1)

Your First Teaching Position

498

(46)

Focus Questions

499

(2)

How Will You Become Certified or Licensed to Teach?

501

(5)

State Certification Requirements

501

(3)

Alternative Certification

504

(1)

The Praxis Series

505

(1)

Where Will You Teach?

506

(3)

A Favorable Job Market

506

(1)

Demand by Specialty Area and Geographic Region

507

(1)

Other Career Opportunities for Teachers

508

(1)

How Will You Find Your First Teaching Job?

509

(7)

Finding Out about Teaching Vacancies

509

(2)

Preparing Your Resume

511

(1)

Writing Letters of Inquiry and Applications

511

(2)

Participating in a Job Interview

513

(2)

Accepting an Offer

515

(1)

Professional Reflection: What elements are essential for your job satisfaction?

515

(1)

Technology Highlights: How can you create an electronic professional portfolio?

516

(1)

What Can You Expect as a Beginning Teacher?

516

(2)

The First Day

516

(2)

Advice from Experienced Teachers

518

(1)

How Can You Become a Part of Your Learning Community?

518

(6)

Relationships with Students

518

(1)

Relationships with Colleagues and Staff

519

(1)

Relationships with Administrators

520

(1)

Relationships with Parents

520

(2)

Where Do You Stand? Should teachers be required to make home visits?

522

(2)

Community Relations

524

(1)

How Can You Participate in Teacher Collaboration?

524

(3)

Peer Coaching

525

(1)

Staff Development

525

(1)

Team Teaching

526

(1)

Co-Teaching

526

(1)

How Will Your Performance as a Teacher Be Evaluated?

527

(17)

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation

527

(1)

Keepers of the Dream: Mary Lynn Peacher: The Teacher with Heart

528

(1)

Clinical Supervision

528

(2)

Summary

530

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

531

(1)

Applications and Activities

532

(1)

Teacher's Journal

532

(1)

Teacher's Database

532

(1)

Observations and Interviews

532

(1)

Professional Portfolio

533

(1)

Appendix 13.1 Directory of State Teacher Certification Offices in the United States

534

(3)

Appendix 13.2 Parties to the Interstate Certification Agreement Contract

537

(1)

Appendix 13.3 Job Search Timetable Checklist

538

(1)

Appendix 13.4 Resume Advice for Educators

539

(2)

Appendix 13.5 Critical Information to Know about School Districts

541

(2)

Appendix 13.6 Negotiating a School's Culture: A Political Roadmap for the First-Year Teacher

543

(1)

Education Issues for the Twenty-First Century

544

(35)

Focus Questions

545

(2)

What Knowledge and Skills Will Prepare Students for a Global Information Age?

547

(3)

Literacy in Language, Mathematics, and Science

547

(1)

New Technological Skills

548

(1)

Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Creativity

548

(1)

Social Awareness, Communication Skills, and Team Building

549

(1)

Global Awareness and Conservation Skills

549

(1)

Health and Wellness Education

549

(1)

Moral and Ethical Orientation

549

(1)

Aesthetics Awareness

550

(1)

Lifelong, Self-Directed Learning

550

(1)

How Can Schools and Teachers Provide an Outstanding Education for All Learners?

550

(4)

Equity for All Students

551

(1)

Case to Consider: An exemplary school

552

(2)

Active, Authentic Learning

554

(1)

How Can Community-Based Partnerships Address Social Problems That Hinder Students' Learning?

554

(5)

The Community as a Resource for Schools

555

(1)

Civic Organizations

555

(1)

Volunteer Mentor Programs

555

(1)

Corporate-Education Partnerships

555

(2)

Schools as Resources for Communities

557

(1)

Beyond the School Day

557

(1)

Social Services

558

(1)

How Will the Privatization Movement Affect Equity and Excellence in Education?

559

(5)

Charter Schools

560

(1)

For-Profit Schools

561

(1)

Where Do You Stand? Is privatization an effective way to improve education in the United States?

562

(2)

Technology Highlights: How does the United States compare to other countries regarding the importance of information technology in the curriculum?

564

(1)

What Can Teachers and Schools Learn from International Education?

564

(7)

Comparative Education

565

International Comparisons of Achievement

556

(12)

A National Curriculum?

568

(1)

Lessons from Other Countries

569

(1)

Support for Teachers and Teaching

569

(2)

Parental Involvement

571

(1)

Pressure to Excel

571

(1)

What Is Our Vision for the Future of Education?

571

(8)

Tomorrow's Teacher

573

(1)

Professional Reflection: What does the future hold for education in your state?

574

(1)

Summary

575

(2)

Key Terms and Concepts

577

(1)

Applications and Activities

577

(1)

Teacher's Journal

577

(1)

Teacher's Database

578

(1)

Observations and Interviews

578

(1)

Professional Portfolio

578

(1)

References

579

(14)

Glossary

593

(8)

Name Index

601

(4)

Subject Index

605

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