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| List of Figures and Tables | p. xi |
| Credits for Figures and Tables | p. xv |
| Preface | p. xix |
| Public Opinion in Democratic Societies | p. 1 |
| Public Opinion and Government | p. 1 |
| Public Opinion Defined | p. 7 |
| The Evolution of the Public Opinion Poll | p. 9 |
| The Modern Public Opinion Poll and Its Political Consequences | p. 13 |
| Sources of Information on Pub... MORE | p. 16 |
| Linkage Models Between Public Opinion and Public Policies | p. 19 |
| Plan of This Book | p. 22 |
| Polling: The Scientific Assessment of Public Opinion | p. 25 |
| The Value of Polls | p. 25 |
| Sampling | p. 28 |
| Question Wording | p. 40 |
| Polls and Predicting Elections | p. 47 |
| Conclusion | p. 53 |
| Microlevel Opinion: The Psychology of Opinion-Holding | p. 57 |
| Political Attention and Opinion-Holding | p. 59 |
| Liberal-Conservative Ideology and the Organization of Opinions | p. 72 |
| Party Identification and the Organization of Political Opinions | p. 83 |
| Macrolevel Opinion: The Flow of Political Sentiment | p. 92 |
| The Micro Foundations of Macro Opinion | p. 93 |
| Trends in Policy Opinions | p. 95 |
| General Ideological Movement | p. 113 |
| General Partisan Movement | p. 115 |
| Presidential Approval | p. 118 |
| Conclusion: What Moves Public Opinion? | p. 122 |
| Political Socialization and Political Learning | p. 125 |
| The Preadult Years: Socialization to Citizenship | p. 125 |
| The Agents of Preadult Socialization | p. 129 |
| College: Higher Education and Its Impact | p. 138 |
| Personal Predispositions and Political Attitudes | p. 143 |
| Socialization during Adulthood | p. 146 |
| The Persistence of Political Orientations | p. 154 |
| Conclusion | p. 157 |
| Public Opinion and Democratic Stability | p. 161 |
| Support for Democratic Values | p. 162 |
| Political Consensus | p. 174 |
| Political Support: Trust and Efficacy | p. 176 |
| Personality and Democratic Citizenship | p. 183 |
| Conclusion | p. 188 |
| Group Differences in Political Opinions | p. 190 |
| Socioeconomic Class and Political Opinions | p. 190 |
| Race and Political Opinions | p. 199 |
| Age and Political Opinions | p. 204 |
| Religion and Political Opinions | p. 207 |
| Geography and Political Opinions | p. 213 |
| Gender and Political Opinions | p. 218 |
| Conclusion | p. 223 |
| The News Media and Political Opinions | p. 226 |
| The Evolution of the American Media | p. 226 |
| Bias and Negativity in the News | p. 232 |
| Models of Media Effects | p. 241 |
| Media Content and Political Opinions | p. 246 |
| Media Change and the Quality of Electoral Decision-Making | p. 251 |
| Political Advertising | p. 255 |
| Conclusion | p. 258 |
| Elections as Instruments of Popular Control | p. 260 |
| Political Campaigns and the Voter | p. 261 |
| Policy Issues and Voters | p. 267 |
| Explaining Election Outcomes | p. 280 |
| Conclusion | p. 288 |
| The Public and Its Elected Leaders | p. 292 |
| Opinion Sharing Between Policymakers and the Public | p. 292 |
| Political Parties and Representation | p. 296 |
| Leadership Responsiveness to Public Opinion | p. 305 |
| Do Elected Officials Need to Follow Public Opinion? | p. 312 |
| Interest Groups and Democratic Representation | p. 316 |
| Conclusion | p. 319 |
| Public Opinion and the Performance of Democracy | p. 322 |
| Assessing the Impact of Public Opinion on Policy | p. 322 |
| Interpreting the Public's Role in Democracy | p. 330 |
| The Expansion of Political Participation | p. 332 |
| Appendix The American National Election Study and the General Social Survey Questions | p. 335 |
| Questions from the American National Election Studies | p. 336 |
| Questions from the General Social Survey | p. 340 |
| References | p. 341 |
| Index | p. 375 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |