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Summary Table of Contents Author Biography

Clear, concise, and authoritative,American Educationbrings up-to-date information and challenging perspectives to teacher educators' classrooms. Revised every two years, the text provides an up-to-date introduction to the historical, political, social, and legal foundations of education and to the profession of teaching in the United States. This edition provides thorough coverage of "No Child Left Behind," a review of drug testing and vouchers, a new discussion of academic testing, and coverage of the Commission on Excellence in Special Education.

Preface

xiii

Part One SCHOOL AND SOCIETY

1. The Goals of Public Schooling

(31)

Political Agendas as Educational Goals

... MORE

(3)

The Problem of Defining Educational Goals: Character Education

(3)

Public Benefits

(1)

Are Schools Always a Public Good?

(1)

Historical Goals

(1)

Political Goals

(7)

Social Goals

(5)

Economic Goals

(4)

Human Capital and the Role of Business in American Education

(1)

Issues about Human Capitalism

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

(4)

2. Education and Equality of Opportunity

(33)

The Common-School Model

(1)

The Sorting-Machine Model

(3)

The High-Stakes Testing Model

(2)

Education, Income, and Gender

(2)

Closing the Gap Between Men's and Women's Incomes

(1)

Race, Educational Attainment, and income

(1)

Are Students Treated Equally?: The Issue of Social Class

(1)

Education, Social Class, and School Districts

(2)

Education, Social Class, and Real Estate Brokers

(1)

Shopping for a Public School

(2)

Savage Inequalities

(3)

Central City Schools

(1)

Social Class and At-Risk Students

(2)

Poverty Among School-Aged Children

(2)

The End of the American Dream: School Dropouts

(1)

Tracking and Ability Grouping

(2)

Should Tracking and Ability Grouping Be Abolished?

(1)

Social Reproduction

(1)

Resistance

(2)

Parental Involvement

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

(2)

3. Equality of Educational Opportunity: Race, Gender, and Special Needs

(36)

The Law, Race, and Equality of Educational Opportunity

(3)

The Meaning of Race

(1)

What Race Am I?: Racial and Cultural Self-Identification

(2)

Race and Social Class

(2)

The Economics of Racism

(1)

Defining Racism

(1)

Institutional Racism: Relationship Between Racial Segregation and High School Dropouts

(1)

Disparity in Educational Funding Based on Race

(1)

Race, Social Class, and Equal Educational Opportunities

(2)

Teaching about Racism

(1)

The Future of Desegregation

(1)

Second-Generation Segregation

(1)

The Recent Struggle for Equal Education for Women

(2)

Sexism and Education

(5)

Students with Disabilities

(1)

Public Law 94-142: Education for All Handicapped Children Act

(1)

Writing an IEP

(1)

Which Children Have Disabilities?

(1)

Integrating Children with Disabilities into the Regular Classroom

(2)

Inclusion and the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

(1)

An Inclusion Success Story

(1)

The Inclusion Debate

(2)

President George W. Bush's Commission on Excellence in Special Education

(2)

Conclusion

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

(4)

4. Student Diversity

103

(29)

Is It Hispanic or Latino?

105

(2)

The Changing Population of U.S. Schools

107

(1)

Educational Experiences of Immigrants to the United States

108

(2)

Immigrant Languages

110

(2)

Are U.S. Teachers Prepared for Language Diversity?

112

(1)

Mexican American Students and U.S. Schools

113

(5)

Asian American Students and U.S. Schools

118

(6)

Native American Students and U.S. Schools

124

(5)

Conclusion

129

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

130

(2)

5. Multicultural Education

132

(23)

Dominated Cultures: John Ogbu

133

(2)

Empowerment Through Multicultural Education: James Banks, Sonia Nieto, and Critical Pedagogy

135

(2)

Educating for Economic Power: Lisa Delpit

137

(1)

Ethnocentric Education

138

(3)

Bilingual Education and English Language Acquisition: No Child Left Behind

141

(4)

English Language Acquisition Act of 2001

145

(1)

Bicultural Education: Is This the Answer?

146

(2)

Globalization: Language and Cultural Rights

148

(2)

Conclusion

150

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

151

(4)

Part Two POWER AND CONTROL IN AMERICAN EDUCATION

6. Local Control, Choice, Charter Schools, and Commercialism

155

(31)

The Education Chair

155

(1)

School Boards

156

(3)

Educational Bureaucracy

159

(1)

Home Schooling

160

(3)

School Choice

163

(2)

National Public School Choice Plan: No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

165

(1)

Public-Private Choice Plan: The State of Ohio's Pilot Project Scholarship Program

166

(1)

Charter Schools

167

(4)

Examples of Three Charter Schools

170

(1)

Are Charter Schools Failing?

171

(2)

For-Profit Schools and Charters

173

(3)

Edison Schools Inc.: A Tale of an Education Company in Search of Profit

176

(4)

The Edison Design

179

(1)

Commercialism in Schools

180

(1)

Conclusion

181

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

182

(4)

7. Power and Control at the State and National Levels: High-Stakes Testing, School Violence, the Reading and Math Wars, and Private Foundations

186

(31)

Local, State, and Federal School Revenues

187

(1)

Categorical Aid: The Source of Federal Power

188

(2)

Increasing State Involvement in Schools

190

(1)

High-Stakes Tests and Academic Standards as Part of State and Federal School Reform

191

(4)

No Child Left Behind: High-Stakes Testing and Academic Standards

195

(2)

Does High-Stakes Testing Work?

197

(1)

The Backlash to High-Stakes Testing

198

(3)

Cheating on High-Stakes Tests

201

(2)

The Federal Government Decides the Reading War: No Child Left Behind

203

(2)

A Case Study: Student Violence and Federal Action

205

(3)

Private Foundations: The Invisible Power in Education

208

(1)

Should the Role of Politicians in Education Be Limited by Eliminating Compulsory-Education Laws?

209

(4)

Conclusion

213

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

213

(4)

8. The Profession of Teaching

217

(37)

Teacher Education in a Global Economy

220

(2)

Disparities in Teacher Salaries and Equality of Educational Opportunity

222

(1)

Current Issues in Teacher Education

223

(5)

Control Through Testing: National Licensing and Certification

224

(2)

Teacher Education and No Child Left Behind Act

226

(1)

National Certification: The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards

227

(1)

American Board for Certification of Teacher Excellence: Alternative Routes to Teaching

228

(1)

The Rewards of Teaching

229

(2)

Working Conditions

231

(4)

Teachers' Unions and Teacher Politics

235

(1)

Differences Between the Two Unions

236

(8)

A Brief History of the National Education Association (NEA)

237

(3)

A Brief History of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT)

240

(4)

A Case Study: Tom Mooney, AFT Vice President and President of the Ohio Federation of Teachers

244

(5)

Should Teachers Strike?

249

(2)

Conclusion

251

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

251

(3)

9. Textbooks, Curriculum, E-Learning, and Instruction

254

(32)

Censorship Issues

254

(3)

Web Scrub: A New Form of Censorship?

257

(1)

Textbooks

257

(4)

Curricular Standards and the Political Nature of Knowledge

261

(4)

Curriculum

265

(4)

John Dewey and Progressive Education

269

(2)

Humanistic Social Efficiency for the Twenty-First Century

271

(1)

The Internet and E-Learning

272

(3)

The Children's Internet Protection Act of 2000

273

(2)

Instruction

275

(3)

Critical Pedagogy

278

(3)

Conclusion

281

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

282

(4)

10. The Courts and the Schools

286

Drug Testing of Students

288

(2)

Students' Free Speech Rights

290

(1)

Gays, Boy Scouts, and the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

291

(1)

Sexual Harassment and Discrimination

292

(1)

Students' Access to Books

292

(1)

Student Suspensions

293

(1)

Do School Authorities Have the Right to Paddle Children?

294

(2)

Compulsion and Religion

296

(1)

Vouchers and Religious Schools

297

(1)

Child-Benefit Theory

298

(1)

Can States Regulate Private Schools?

299

(1)

Religion and State School Requirements

300

(2)

School Prayer, Bible Reading, and Meditation

302

(2)

Student Prayers

304

(1)

School Prayer and the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

305

(1)

Secular Humanism and the Religion of Public Schools

306

(2)

Evolution and Creationism

308

(1)

Parents' Rights

309

(2)

Teachers' Rights

311

(4)

Teachers' Liability

315

(1)

Teachers' Private Lives

316

(2)

The Language of the Schools

318

(1)

School Finances

319

(2)

Conclusion

321

(1)

Suggested Readings and Works Cited in Chapter

321

Index

I-1

Joel Spring is currently a professor at Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York.

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