This casebook has been adapted from the authors' pioneering and widely used casebook, Nonprofit Organizations: Cases and Materials. Topics include organizational and operational requirements for tax-exempt status for charitable and mutual benefit organizations, private foundations, the unrelated business income tax, and the charitable contributions deduction. An introductory chapter provides valuable perspective and a concise overview of the nontax considerations affecting choice of legal form for a nonprofit organization. The Third Edition incorporates all important legislative and administrative developments, including the Pension Protection Act of 2006 reforms and proposed regulations on public charity support tests and supporting organizations. Offered as an alternative text for instructors seeking more intensive tax-focused coverage, this spin-off edition has been carefully customized for use in 2 or 3-unit J.D. and LL.M courses on taxation of the nonprofit sector. Each chapter contains a rich but manageable mix of materials, including well-edited cases, major rulings, policy excerpts, lively authors' notes and questions, skillfully designed problems that raise policy, technical and planning issues, and bibliographic references.