9780073125459

In its seventh edition,Social Ethics: Morality and Social Policycontinues to provide material that will encourage reflective and critical examination of key contemporary moral problems. With additional readings and a new organization that groups related chapters together under four categories, this edition enhances the teachability that was the most salient characteristic of previous editions. The text maintains its ability to bring the central issues into clear focus, while allowing supporting arguments for widely diverse positions to be presented by those who embrace them.

Preface

PART ONE: LIFE-AND-DEATH ISSUES

CHAPTER 1 ABORTION

Introduction
Pope John Paul II, The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion
Mary Anne Warren, On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion
Don Marquis, Why Abortion is Immoral
Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion
Margaret Olivia Little, The Morality of Abortion
Justice Harry A. Blackmun, Majority Opinion in Roe v. Wade
George J. Annas, “Partial-Birth Abortion” and the Supreme Court
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 1

CHAPTER 2 EUTHANASIA AND PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE

Introduction
James Rachels, Active and Passive Euthanasia
Daniel Callahan, Killing and Allowing to Die
Dan W. Brock, Voluntary Active Euthanasia
Stephen G. Potts, Objections to the Institutionalisation of Euthanasia
David T. Watts and Timothy Howell, Assisted Suicide Is Not Voluntary Active Euthanasia
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Washington v. Glucksberg
Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, Concurring Opinion in Washington v. Glucksberg and* Vacco v. Quill*
Franklin G. Miller and Diane E. Meier, Voluntary Death: A Comparison Of Terminal Dehydration and Physician-Assisted Suicide
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 2

CHAPTER 3 THE DEATH PENALTY

Introduction
Justices Potter Stewart, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and John Paul Stevens, Opinion in Gregg v. Georgia
Justice Thurgood Marshall, Dissenting Opinion in Gregg v. Georgia
Igor Primoratz, A Life for a Life
Stephen Nathanson, An Eye for an Eye?
Louis P. Pojman, Deterrence and the Death Penalty
Jeffrey Reiman, Common Sense, the Deterrent Effect of the Death Penalty, and the Best Bet Argument
David Dolinko, Procedural Arguments Against the Death Penalty
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 3

PART TWO: LIBERTY ISSUES

CHAPTER 4 SEX AND MARRIAGE

Introduction
Vincent C. Punzo, Morality and Human Sexuality
Thomas A. Mappes, Sexual Morality and the Concept of Using Another Person
John Corvino, Why Shouldn’t Tommy and Jim Have Sex? A Defense of Homosexuality
Chief Justice Margaret H. Marshall, Majority Opinion in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health
Justice Martha B. Sosman, Dissenting Opinion in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health
Maggie Gallagher, What Marriage Is For: Children Need Mothers and Fathers
Jonathan Rauch, For Better or Worse? The Case for Gay (and Straight) Marriage
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 4

CHAPTER 5 PORNOGRAPHY, HATE SPEECH, AND CENSORSHIP

Introduction
John Stuart Mill, On Liberty
The Attorney General’s Commission on Pornography, The Question of Harm
Helen E. Longino, Pornography, Oppression, and Freedom: A Closer Look
Mark R. Wicclair, Feminism, Pornography, and CensorshipIllinois Supreme Court, Opinion in Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America
Charles R. Lawrence III, Racist Speech as the Functional Equivalent of Fighting Words
Andrew Altman, Liberalism and Campus Hate Speech: A Philosophical Examination
Judge Peter Stone, Opinion in Corry v. Stanford University
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 5

CHAPTER 6 DRUG CONTROL AND ADDICTION

Introduction
Justice Jacob J. Spiegel, Opinion in Commonwealth v. Joseph D. Leis
Thomas S. Szasz, The Ethics of Addiction
Robert E. Goodin, Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers from Themselves
Ethan A. Nadelmann, The Case for Legalization
James Q. Wilson, Against the Legalization of Drugs
Daniel Shapiro, Addiction and Drug Policy
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 6

CHAPTER 7 TERRORISM, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND CIVIL LIBERTIES

Introduction
Stephen Nathanson, Can Terrorism Be Morally Justified?
Alison M. Jaggar, What Is Terrorism, Why Is It Wrong, and Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?
David Luban, The War on Terrorism and the End of Human Rights
Justice Hugo Lafayette Black, Majority Opinion in Korematsu v. United States
Justice Frank Murphy, Dissenting Opinion in Korematsu v. United States
Jeremy Waldron, Security and Liberty: The Image of Balance
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 7

PART THREE: JUSTICE ISSUES

CHAPTER 8 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTICE

Introduction
John Hospers, What Libertarianism Is
Kai Nielsen, A Moral Case for Socialism
Iris M. Young, Five Faces of Oppression
Nancy Fraser, After the Family Wage: A Postindustrial Thought Experiment
Howard McGary, The African-American Underclass and the Question of Values
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 8

CHAPTER 9 WORLD HUNGER AND POVERTY

Introduction
Peter Singer, Famine, Affluence, and Morality
Garrett Hardin, Living on a Lifeboat
Amartya Sen, Property and Hunger
Thomas Pogge, Two Reflections on The First United Nations Millennium Development Goal
Max Borders, Western Ethical Imperialism?
United Trauma Relief, A Consensus Statement on Sweatshop Abuse
Matt Zwolinski, Sweatshops
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 9

PART FOUR: PLANETARY ISSUES

CHAPTER 10 ANIMALS

Introduction
Peter Singer, All Animals Are Equal
Tom Regan, The Case for Animal Rights
R. G. Frey, Moral Vegetarianism and the Argument from Pain and Suffering
Carl Cohen, The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research
Mary Anne Warren, Human and Animal Rights Compared
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 10

CHAPTER 11 THE ENVIRONMENT

Introduction
William F. Baxter, People or Penguins: The Case for Optimal Pollution
Jan Narveson, For Free Market Environmentalism
Tony Smith, Against Free Market Environmentalism
Peter S. Wenz, Just Garbage
Aldo Leopold, The Land Ethic
Bernard E. Rollin, Environmental Ethics
Bill Devall and George Sessions, Deep Ecology
Ramachandra Guha, Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique
Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 11

About the Contributors

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Social Ethics : Morality and Social Policy

Social Ethics : Morality and Social Policy

0073125458

Summary

Table of Contents

PART ONE: LIFE-AND-DEATH ISSUES

CHAPTER 1 ABORTION

Introduction

Pope John Paul II, The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion

Mary Anne Warren, On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion

Don Marquis, Why Abortion is Immoral

Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion

Margaret Olivia Little, The Morality of Abortion

Justice Harry A. Blackmun, Majority Opinion in Roe v. Wade

George J. Annas, “Partial-Birth Abortion” and the Supreme Court

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 1

CHAPTER 2 EUTHANASIA AND PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE

Introduction

James Rachels, Active and Passive Euthanasia

Daniel Callahan, Killing and Allowing to Die

Dan W. Brock, Voluntary Active Euthanasia

Stephen G. Potts, Objections to the Institutionalisation of Euthanasia

David T. Watts and Timothy Howell, Assisted Suicide Is Not Voluntary Active Euthanasia

Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, Opinion of the Court in Washington v. Glucksberg

Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, Concurring Opinion in Washington v. Glucksberg and Vacco v. Quill

Franklin G. Miller and Diane E. Meier, Voluntary Death: A Comparison Of Terminal Dehydration and Physician-Assisted Suicide

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 2

CHAPTER 3 THE DEATH PENALTY

Introduction

Justices Potter Stewart, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and John Paul Stevens, Opinion in Gregg v. Georgia

Justice Thurgood Marshall, Dissenting Opinion in Gregg v. Georgia

Igor Primoratz, A Life for a Life

Stephen Nathanson, An Eye for an Eye?

Louis P. Pojman, Deterrence and the Death Penalty

Jeffrey Reiman, Common Sense, the Deterrent Effect of the Death Penalty, and the Best Bet Argument

David Dolinko, Procedural Arguments Against the Death Penalty

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 3

PART TWO: LIBERTY ISSUES

CHAPTER 4 SEX AND MARRIAGE

Introduction

Vincent C. Punzo, Morality and Human Sexuality

Thomas A. Mappes, Sexual Morality and the Concept of Using Another Person

John Corvino, Why Shouldn’t Tommy and Jim Have Sex? A Defense of Homosexuality

Chief Justice Margaret H. Marshall, Majority Opinion in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health

Justice Martha B. Sosman, Dissenting Opinion in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health

Maggie Gallagher, What Marriage Is For: Children Need Mothers and Fathers

Jonathan Rauch, For Better or Worse? The Case for Gay (and Straight) Marriage

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 4

CHAPTER 5 PORNOGRAPHY, HATE SPEECH, AND CENSORSHIP

Introduction

John Stuart Mill, On Liberty

The Attorney General’s Commission on Pornography, The Question of Harm

Helen E. Longino, Pornography, Oppression, and Freedom: A Closer Look

Mark R. Wicclair, Feminism, Pornography, and CensorshipIllinois Supreme Court, Opinion in Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America

Charles R. Lawrence III, Racist Speech as the Functional Equivalent of Fighting Words

Andrew Altman, Liberalism and Campus Hate Speech: A Philosophical Examination

Judge Peter Stone, Opinion in Corry v. Stanford University

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 5

CHAPTER 6 DRUG CONTROL AND ADDICTION

Introduction

Justice Jacob J. Spiegel, Opinion in Commonwealth v. Joseph D. Leis

Thomas S. Szasz, The Ethics of Addiction

Robert E. Goodin, Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers from Themselves

Ethan A. Nadelmann, The Case for Legalization

James Q. Wilson, Against the Legalization of Drugs

Daniel Shapiro, Addiction and Drug Policy

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 6

CHAPTER 7 TERRORISM, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND CIVIL LIBERTIES

Introduction

Stephen Nathanson, Can Terrorism Be Morally Justified?

Alison M. Jaggar, What Is Terrorism, Why Is It Wrong, and Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?

David Luban, The War on Terrorism and the End of Human Rights

Justice Hugo Lafayette Black, Majority Opinion in Korematsu v. United States

Justice Frank Murphy, Dissenting Opinion in Korematsu v. United States

Jeremy Waldron, Security and Liberty: The Image of Balance

Suggested Additional Readings for Chapter 7

PART THREE: JUSTICE ISSUES

CHAPTER 8 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTICE

Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, Concurring Opinion in Washington v. Glucksberg and* Vacco v. Quill*