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Principles of Digital Audio

by: POHLMANN

Principles of Digital Audio

by: POHLMANN

ISBN 13:
9780071441568
ISBN 10:
0071441565
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 04/20/2005
Publisher: McGraw-Hill/TAB Electronics
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Summary

Digital audio's pre-eminent book for over a decade has been completely updated to reflect the current state of digital art. Famed digital guru Ken Pohlmann offers a wealth of new material focusing on digital audio formats (DVD audio, MP3, WMA), compression techniques (particularly MPEG-7), and PC-based desktop audio -- while retaining the clear, insightful coverage of fundamentals that has made this book a classic.

Preface to the Fifth Edition

xix

Sound and Numbers

(20)

Physics of Sound

(4)

Sound pressure level

(1)

Harmonics

(1)

Digital Basics

(4)

Number systems

(2)

The binary number system

(1)

Binary Codes

(5)

Weighted binary codes

(1)

Unweighted binary codes

(1)

Two's complement

(3)

Boolean Algebra

(4)

Analog Versus Digital

(3)

Fundamentals of Digital Audio

(30)

Discrete Time Sampling

(1)

The Sampling Theorem

(6)

The Nyquist frequency

(5)

Aliasing

(3)

Quantization

(9)

Signal-to-error ratio

(5)

Quantization distortion

(2)

Other architectures

(1)

Dither

(10)

Types of dither

(5)

Conclusion

(1)

Digital Audio Recording

(32)

Pulse-Code Modulation

(3)

Dither Generator

(1)

Input Lowpass Filter

(3)

Sample-and-Hold Circuit

(4)

Analog-to-Digital Converter

(7)

Successive approximation A/D converter

(2)

Oversampling A/D converter

(2)

Record Processing

(2)

Channel Codes

(13)

Simple codes

(2)

Group codes

(4)

Code applications

(3)

Digital Audio Reproduction

(54)

Reproduction Processing

(2)

Digital-to-Analog Converter

(8)

Weighted-resistor digital-to-analog converter

(1)

R-2R ladder digital-to-analog converter

(2)

Zero-cross distortion

(1)

High-bit D/A conversion

(1)

Output Sample-and-Hold Circuit

(4)

Output Lowpass Filter

(1)

Impulse Response

(5)

Digital Filters

103

(6)

FIR oversampling filter

105

(4)

Noise Shaping

109

(2)

Output Processing

111

(1)

Alternate Coding Architectures

111

(13)

Floating-point systems

112

(2)

Block floating-point systems

114

(1)

Nonuniform companding systems

115

(1)

μ-Law and A-law companding

116

(1)

Differential PCM systems

117

(1)

Delta modulation

118

(2)

Adaptive delta modulation

120

(2)

Companded predictive delta modulation

122

(1)

Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation

122

(2)

Timebase Correction

124

(13)

Jitter

124

(1)

Eye pattern

125

(2)

Interface jitter versus sampling jitter

127

(1)

Jitter in storage media

128

(2)

Jitter in data transmission

130

(2)

Jitter in converters

132

(5)

Error Correction

137

(42)

Sources of Errors

138

(3)

Objectives of Error Correction

141

(1)

Error Detection

141

(10)

Single-bit parity

142

(1)

ISBN

143

(2)

Cyclic redundancy check code

145

(6)

Error-Correction Codes

151

(9)

Block codes

151

(4)

Hamming codes

155

(2)

Convolutional codes

157

(3)

Interleaving

160

(3)

Cross-interleaving

161

(2)

Reed-Solomon Codes

163

(5)

Cross-Interleave Reed-Solomon Code

168

(5)

Product Codes

173

(2)

Error Concealment

175

(3)

Interpolation

176

(1)

Muting

176

(2)

Duplication

178

(1)

Magnetic Storage Media

179

(22)

Recording Bandwidth

179

(1)

Digital Magnetic Media

180

(4)

Intersymbol interference

182

(1)

Longitudinal magnetic recording

182

(2)

Vertical magnetic recording

184

(1)

Stationary Head Tape Recorders

184

(3)

The DASH format

186

(1)

Rotary Head Tape Recorders

187

(9)

Operation of a videotape recorder

187

(4)

Professional digital video formats

191

(3)

Consumer digital video formats

194

(1)

Modular digital multitrack

194

(2)

Hard-Disk Drives

196

(5)

Digital Audio Tape (DAT)

201

(24)

DAT Tape Cassette

201

(2)

DAT Modes

203

(2)

DAT Hardware Design

205

(3)

Rotary head

206

(2)

Track Format

208

(6)

Azimuth recording

212

(1)

Automatic track following

213

(1)

Eight-to-Ten Modulation

214

(2)

DAT Error Correction

216

(4)

Serial Copy Management System

220

(1)

Prerecorded DAT

220

(1)

Professional DAT

221

(4)

DAT timecode

221

(4)

Optical Disc Media

225

(24)

Optical Phenomena

225

(10)

Diffraction

228

(2)

Resolution of optical systems

230

(2)

Polarization

232

(3)

Design of Optical Media

235

(1)

Nonerasable Optical Storage

236

(4)

Read-only optical storage

236

(3)

Write-once optical recording

239

(1)

Erasable Optical Storage

240

(5)

Magneto-optical recording

241

(3)

Phase-change optical recording

244

(1)

Dye-polymer erasable optical recording

245

(1)

Digital Audio for Theatrical Film

245

(4)

The Compact Disc

249

(66)

Invention of the Compact Disc

249

(1)

Compact Disc Overview

250

(2)

Disc Design

252

(9)

Disc specifications

252

(4)

Data encoding

256

(5)

Player Optical Design

261

(8)

Optical pickup

261

(2)

Autofocus design

263

(2)

Autotracking design

265

(2)

One-beam pickup

267

(1)

Pickup control

268

(1)

Player Electrical Design

269

(5)

EFM demodulation

270

(2)

Error detection and correction

272

(1)

Output processing

273

(1)

Subcode

274

(4)

Disc Manufacturing

278

(7)

Premastering

278

(1)

Disc mastering

279

(3)

Electroforming

282

(1)

Disc replication

282

(3)

Alternative CD Formats

285

(21)

CD-ROM

286

(5)

CD-R

291

(8)

CD-RW

299

(2)

CD-MO

301

(1)

Other erasable formats

301

(1)

CD-i

302

(1)

Photo CD

302

(2)

CD+G and CD+MIDI

304

(1)

CD-3

304

(1)

Video CD

305

(1)

Super Audio CD

306

(9)

Disc design

306

(3)

DSD modulation

309

(4)

DST lossless coding

313

(1)

Player design

313

(2)

Perceptual Coding

315

(100)

Psychoacoustics

315

(4)

Physiology of the Human Ear and Critical Bands

319

(10)

Threshold of hearing, and masking

323

(5)

Temporal masking

328

(1)

Rationale for Perceptual Coding

329

(3)

Perceptual Coding in Time and Frequency

332

(9)

Subband coding

334

(4)

Transform coding

338

(3)

Filter Banks

341

(5)

Quadrature mirror filters

342

(1)

Polyphase filters

343

(2)

MDCT

345

(1)

Multichannel Coding

346

(1)

Tandem Codecs

347

(2)

Spectral Band Replication

349

(1)

MPEG-1 Audio Standard

350

(4)

Psychoacoustic Models

354

(7)

MPEG-1 model 1

356

(2)

MPEG-1 model 2

358

(3)

Spreading Function

361

(3)

Tonality

364

(1)

MPEG-1 Layer I

365

(5)

Example of MPEG-1 Layer I algorithm

367

(3)

MPEG-1 Layer II

370

(4)

MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)

374

(4)

MP3 transform coding

374

(2)

MP3 bit allocation and Huffman coding

376

(2)

MP3 stereo coding

378

(1)

MPEG-2 Audio Standard

378

(3)

MPEG-2 AAC

381

(6)

AAC main profile

382

(1)

AAC allocation loops

383

(2)

AAC temporal noise shaping

385

(2)

AC-3 (Dolby Digital) Codec

387

(14)

AC-3 overview

388

(2)

AC-3 theory of operation

390

(1)

AC-3 exponent strategies and bit allocation

391

(4)

AC-3 multichannel coding

395

(2)

AC-3 bitstream and decoder

397

(4)

DTS Codec

401

(2)

Perceptual Coding Performance Evaluation

403

(10)

Critical listening

407

(5)

Listening test evaluation

412

(1)

Conclusion

413

(2)

DVD

415

(72)

Introduction

415

(3)

Disc Design

418

(9)

Disc specification

419

(3)

Disc manufacturing and playback

422

(2)

Optical playback

424

(3)

Data Coding

427

(3)

Reed-Solomon product code

429

(1)

EFMPlus modulation

430

(1)

Universal Disc Format (UDF) Bridge

430

(3)

DVD-Video

433

(13)

DVD-Video video coding

433

(2)

DVD-Video audio coding

435

(3)

DVD-Video playback features

438

(2)

DVD-Video authoring

440

(1)

DVD-Video developer's summary

441

(5)

DVD-Audio

446

(14)

DVD-Audio coding and channel options

447

(5)

DVD-Audio disc contents

452

(3)

DVD-Audio developer's summary

455

(5)

Data Compression

460

(8)

Entropy coding

461

(2)

Audio data compression

463

(5)

Meridian Lossless Packing

468

(4)

Other DVD Disc Formats

472

(6)

DVD-ROM

473

(1)

DVD-R and DVD+R

474

(2)

DVD-RW and DVD+RW

476

(1)

DVD-RAM

477

(1)

DVD Content Protection

478

(6)

DVD-Video copy protection

479

(2)

DVD-Audio copy protection

481

(1)

Content protection for recordable media

482

(1)

Secure digital transmission

483

(1)

DVD watermarking

483

(1)

HD-DVD and Blu-ray

484

(3)

The MiniDisc

487

(24)

System Overview

487

(2)

Signal Format

489

(1)

Disc Design

490

(3)

Optical Pickup

493

(3)

MO Recording and Field Modulation

496

(4)

ATRAC Data Reduction

500

(7)

Disc Mastering and Manufacture

507

(4)

Audio Interconnection

511

(38)

Audio Interfaces

511

(1)

SDIF-2 Interconnection

512

(3)

Alesis Multichannel Optical Digital Interface

515

(1)

AES3 (AES/EBU) Professional Interface

515

(8)

AES3 frame structure

516

(2)

AES3 channel status block

518

(3)

AES3 implementation

521

(2)

AES10 (MADI) Multichannel Interface

523

(1)

S/PDIF Consumer Interconnection

524

(5)

Serial copy management system

527

(2)

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

529

(2)

AES11 Digital Audio Reference Signal

531

(3)

AES18 User Data Channels

534

(1)

AES24 Control of Audio Devices

535

(1)

Sample Rate Converters

536

(1)

Fiber-Optic Cable Interconnection

537

(12)

Fiber-optic systems

538

(2)

Fiber-optic cable

540

(4)

Interconnection and installation

544

(5)

Desktop Audio

549

(40)

PC Buses and Interfaces

550

(8)

IEEE 1394 ``FireWire''

551

(4)

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

555

(3)

Sound Cards

558

(5)

Music synthesis

559

(2)

Surround sound processing

561

(1)

Audio Codec '97 (AC '97)

562

(1)

Windows Multimedia API and DirectX API

563

(2)

MMX

565

(1)

File Formats

565

(6)

WAV and BWF

566

(2)

MP3, AIFF, QuickTime, and other file formats

568

(3)

Open Media Framework Interchange (OMFI)

571

(1)

Advanced Authoring Format (AAF)

572

(1)

Material eXchange Format (MXF)

573

(1)

AES31

574

(1)

Digital Audio Extraction

574

(4)

Hard-Disk Recording

578

(3)

System features

578

(3)

Flash Memory

581

(1)

Desktop Audio Software Applications

582

(7)

Hard-disk editing

584

(2)

Audio for video workstations

586

(3)

Internet Audio

589

(40)

Networks and File Transfers

589

(6)

Telephone services

590

(2)

ISDN

592

(2)

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

594

(1)

Computer Networks

595

(7)

Ethernet

598

(1)

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

598

(1)

MediaNet

599

(1)

Wireless networking, WiFi, and Bluetooth

600

(2)

The Internet and Internet Audio

602

(7)

MP3

605

(2)

Music downloading and digital rights management

607

(2)

Streaming Audio

609

(6)

RealAudio G2 music codec

612

(2)

Audio webcasting

614

(1)

MPEG-4

615

(8)

MPEG-4 interactivity

615

(1)

MPEG-4 audio coding

616

(7)

MPEG-7

623

(1)

Encryption

623

(2)

Watermarking

625

(4)

Digital Radio and Television Broadcasting

629

(56)

Satellite Communication

629

(7)

Digital transmission

633

(2)

Direct broadcast satellites

635

(1)

Digital Audio Radio

636

(7)

Transmission methods

636

(1)

Spectral space

637

(2)

Data reduction

639

(1)

Technical considerations

639

(4)

Eureka 147/DAB

643

(5)

In-Band Digital Radio

648

(3)

HD Radio

651

(9)

HD Radio FM-IBOC

652

(4)

HD Radio AM-IBOC

656

(4)

Direct Satellite Radio

660

(4)

XM Satellite Radio

661

(1)

Sirius Satellite Radio

662

(1)

Perceptual Audio Coding (PAC) algorithm

662

(2)

Digital Television (DTV)

664

(11)

Video data reduction

665

(1)

MPEG video

666

(8)

MPEG-1 video standard

674

(1)

MPEG-2 video standard

674

(1)

ATSC Digital Television

675

(10)

ATSC standard

677

(5)

DTV implementation

682

(3)

Digital Signal Processing

685

(54)

Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing

685

(2)

DSP applications

686

(1)

Discrete Systems

687

(6)

Linearity and time-invariance

687

(1)

Impulse response and convolution

688

(4)

Complex numbers

692

(1)

Mathematical Transforms

693

(4)

Unit Circle and Region of Convergence

697

(4)

Poles and zeros

698

(2)

DSP elements

700

(1)

Digital Filters

701

(10)

FIR filters

702

(4)

IIR filters

706

(3)

Filter applications

709

(2)

Sources of Errors

711

(3)

DSP Integrated Circuits

714

(4)

Processor architecture

714

(2)

Fixed point and floating point

716

(2)

DSP Programming

718

(8)

Filter programming

719

(1)

Texas Instruments code

720

(1)

Motorola code

721

(4)

Analog Devices SHARC code

725

(1)

Specialized DSP Applications

726

(13)

Digital delay

726

(2)

Digital reverberation

728

(2)

Digital mixing consoles

730

(3)

Loudspeaker correction

733

(1)

Noise removal

734

(5)

Sigma-Delta Conversion and Noise Shaping

739

(44)

Sigma-Delta Conversion

739

(10)

Delta modulation

742

(2)

Sigma-delta modulation

744

(1)

Analysis of first-order sigma-delta modulator

745

(2)

Higher-order noise shaping

747

(2)

Idle Tones and Limit Cycles

749

(1)

One-Bit D/A Conversion with Second-Order Noise Shaping

750

(4)

Multi-bit D/A Conversion with Third-Order Noise Shaping

754

(3)

Multi-bit D/A Conversion with Quasi Fourth-Order Noise Shaping

757

(1)

Sigma-Delta A/D Conversion

758

(10)

Sigma-delta A/D modulator

761

(2)

Digital filtering and decimation

763

(5)

Sigma-Delta A/D Converter Chip

768

(2)

Sigma-Delta D/A Converter Chip

770

(1)

Sigma-Delta A/D-D/A Converter Chip

771

(1)

Noise Shaping of Nonoversampling Quantization Error

772

(11)

Psychoacoustically optimized noise shaping

774

(5)

Buried data technique

779

(4)

Appendix. The Sampling Theorem

783

(6)

Bibliography

789

(28)

Index

817

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Principles of Digital Audio

Principles of Digital Audio

9780071441568

0071441565

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Principles of Digital Audio

Principles of Digital Audio

9780071441568

0071441565

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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