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Mental Retardation : A Community Integration Approach

by: Crane, Lynda

Mental Retardation : A Community Integration Approach

by: Crane, Lynda

ISBN 13:
9780534339234
ISBN 10:
0534339239
Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Copyright: 08/29/2001
Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Summary

Using the goal of community integration as a coherent, unifying conceptual focus, this book presents the applied research and information that readers can use as they work with the mentally retarded. Additionally, this is a book with "heart," built on the premise that the coverage is not designed simply to appeal to readers' intellect, but to their emotional and relational experience, as well.

Preface

About the Author

xix

PART I UNDERSTANDING MENTAL RETARDATION

(142)

Building a Framework: Community Integration and Interdisciplinary Systems

(18)

Community Integration

(3)

Social Role Valorization

(2)

Conceptual Framework for this Text

(3)

A Systems Perspective

(7)

Interagency and Interdisciplinary Collaboration

(3)

Individual Efforts: Friends, Neighbors, and Peers

(2)

Looking Ahead

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

(1)

References

(3)

Theoretical Influences on Understanding Mental Retardation

(18)

Theories of Genetic Maturation: Developmental Milestones

(1)

Learning Theories

(3)

Operant Conditioning

(1)

Imitation and Modeling

(2)

Theory of Multiple Intelligences

(1)

Stage Theories

(4)

Emotional Development

(1)

Cognitive Development

(2)

Delay and Difference Theories

(1)

Dialectical Learning

(1)

Ecological Systems Theory

(2)

Looking Ahead

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

(1)

References

(4)

Origins: Historical and Cultural

(24)

Mental Retardation: A Cultural Invention

(1)

Historical and Cultural Influences

(2)

Ancient Ideas

(1)

More Recent Influences

(1)

First Educational Efforts

(2)

Institutionalization in the United States: The Beginnings

(6)

Impact of Causal Theories

(1)

Increasing Segregation

(1)

The Story of Deborah Kallikak

(2)

Involuntary Sterilization

(1)

Mental Testing

(1)

Social Control and ``Cleansing''

(3)

Humanitarian Reforms

(1)

Self-Determination: A Beginning

(1)

Political and Economic Influences

(2)

Private and Political Influence: The Kennedy Family

(1)

Legislative Milestones

(1)

Political Influences on Funding

(1)

Lobbying and Voter Support

(1)

Cyclical Change

(1)

Looking Ahead

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

(1)

References

(3)

Definition, Classification, and Prevalence

(30)

Introducing Joyce, Susan, and Jason

(3)

Joyce Elger

(1)

Susan Polaski

(1)

Jason Cunningham

(1)

Labeling

(3)

The Label Chase

(2)

Alternatives to Labeling

(1)

Incidence and Prevalence

(3)

Definitional Issues

(1)

Early Definitions and Changes

(5)

Newer Definitions

(1)

Definition of Developmental Disabilities

(1)

The 1992 AAMR Definition

(1)

Understanding the 1992 Definition

(1)

The Debate Over Adaptive Behavior

(3)

Classification and Levels of Functioning

(4)

IQ- and Ability-Based Systems

(1)

The 1992 Classification System

(1)

Rationale for Change

(1)

Debate Over Classification

(2)

Different Goals and Purposes

(1)

Applying the Definition to Joyce, Susan, and Jason

(2)

Looking Ahead

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

(1)

References

(4)

Assessment of Mental Retardation

(36)

Interdisciplinary Approach

(2)

Medical Assessment

(1)

Motor and Sensory Development

(1)

Language Milestones

(1)

Behavior

(1)

Physiological Testing

(1)

Intellectual Assessment

(15)

Reifying the Concept

(2)

Nature-Nurture

(1)

Some Widely Used IQ Tests

100

(4)

Infant and Toddler Assessment

104

(1)

Biases and Limitations of IQ Tests

105

(4)

Elements of a Useful Intellectual Assessment

109

(3)

Assessment of Adaptive Behavior

112

(4)

Interviews

112

(1)

Behavioral Observation

113

(1)

Functional Assessment

113

(2)

Quality-of-Life Assessment

115

(1)

Educational Assessment

116

(2)

Norm-Referenced Tests

116

(1)

Curriculum-Based Assessments

117

(1)

Speech and Language Assessment

118

(1)

Occupational Therapy Assessment

119

(1)

Developing the Individualized Education Program

120

(1)

Assessment for Joyce, Susan, and Jason

120

(4)

Looking Ahead

124

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

124

(1)

References

124

(5)

Characteristics of Mental Retardation

129

(14)

Basic Issues in Understanding Characteristics

130

(1)

Physical and Mental Health

131

(1)

Motivational Characteristics

131

(2)

Learning and Generalization

133

(2)

Attention

135

(1)

Memory

135

(1)

Language Abilities

136

(1)

Distinction Between Overall Mild and Severe Characteristics

137

(2)

Looking Ahead

139

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

140

(1)

References

140

(3)

PART II ETIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: THE COMMUNITY CHALLENGE

143

(80)

Genetic and Infectious Influences and Prevention

145

(26)

Genetic Transmission

147

(5)

Gene Type and Transmission

148

(1)

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

149

(1)

Autosomal Recessive Inheritance

150

(1)

X-Linked (Sex-Linked) Recessive Inheritance

150

(1)

Penetrance, Variable Expressivity, and Polygenic Inheritance

151

(1)

Examples of Genetically Transmitted Conditions

152

(3)

Tay-Sachs Disease

152

(1)

Lesch-Nyhan Disease

153

(2)

Common Chromosomal Conditions

155

(5)

Trisomy 21 and Other Trisomies

155

(1)

Down Syndrome

155

(3)

Fragile X Syndrome

158

(2)

Genetic Counseling and Prenatal Testing

160

(4)

Prenatal Intervention

161

(1)

Hydrocephalus

162

(1)

Ethics and Implications

162

(1)

Adjusting to New Expectations

163

(1)

The Future of Genetic Research

164

(4)

The Human Genome Project

164

(1)

Genetic Manipulations

165

(1)

Ethical Considerations

166

(2)

Looking Ahead

168

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

168

(1)

References

168

(3)

Biological and Psychosocial Influences and Prevention

171

(24)

Some Psychosocial Influences

172

(16)

Environmental Toxins

172

(1)

Infant Mortality and Morbidity Rates

173

(1)

Prenatal Care

173

(2)

Maternal Health and Nutrition

175

(1)

Prematurity and Low Birth Weight

175

(2)

Adolescent Pregnancy

177

(3)

Teratogens

180

(6)

Accidents

186

(1)

Child Abuse and Neglect

187

(1)

Cultural Implications and Public Policy

188

(2)

Looking Ahead

190

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

190

(1)

References

190

(5)

Related Developmental Disabilities

195

(28)

Autism

196

(7)

Etiology

199

(2)

Treatment

201

(2)

Cerebral Palsy

203

(4)

Etiology

203

(1)

Treatment

204

(3)

Seizure Disorders

207

(3)

Etiology

209

(1)

Treatment

209

(1)

Behavior Disorders

210

(6)

Self-Injurious Behavior

210

(1)

Treatment

211

(1)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

211

(5)

Looking Ahead

216

(2)

InfoTrac College Edition

218

(1)

References

218

(5)

PART III LEARNING WITHIN THE COMMUNITY: DEVELOPING SKILLS AND ABILITIES

223

(98)

Early Intervention

225

(36)

Rationale for Early Intervention

226

(1)

Functions of Early Intervention

227

(1)

Eligibility for Early Intervention

227

(1)

Some Types of Early Intervention Programs

228

(1)

Effectiveness of Early Intervention

229

(4)

More Early Examples

232

(1)

Carolina Abecedarian Project

232

(1)

Program Evaluation

233

(1)

The Role of Values in Designing Interventions

234

(1)

Research and Policy Collaboration

235

(9)

Head Start: An Example of Collaboration Among Research, Practice, and Policy

236

(2)

PL 105-17 and IDEA---Part C

238

(2)

Coordination of Services

240

(4)

Challenges in Implementation

244

(6)

Parental Involvement

244

(2)

Family-Centered Focus

246

(2)

Identifying Infants with Disabilities

248

(1)

Identifying Infants at Risk

248

(2)

Program Content

250

(1)

Early Intervention---Jason's Experience

251

(5)

Looking Ahead

256

(1)

InfoTrac College Edition

256

(1)

References

256

(5)

Behavioral and Cognitive Intervention

261

(30)

Basic Principles of Applied Behavior Analysis

262

(1)

Collecting Observational Data

263

(2)

Finding the Right Reinforcer

265

(1)

Reinforcing Multistep Tasks

265

(6)

Task Analysis

265

(1)

Prompting

266

(1)

Shaping

266

(2)

Chaining

268

(1)

Token Economies

269

(1)

Contracts

270

(1)

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Mental Retardation : A Community Integration Approach

Mental Retardation : A Community Integration Approach

9780534339234

0534339239

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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